Ese umwana wawe na we arimo kureba mu idirishya, yazimiye mu isi y'inzozi? Ni ibisanzwe ko abana bato barota ku manywa bagatekereza gutyo. Ariko niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo guhora yibanda ku kintu kimwe igihe cyose, cyangwa niba ahora asiba akazi k'ishuri n'umukoro, bishobora kuba ubwoko bw'indwara yitwa ADHD (indwara yo kudakora cyane). Ibyo ni byo tuvuga uyu munsi.
Ni gute ubu bwoko bwa ADHD bwo 'kutita ku bandi' butandukanye n'ubundi bwoko?
Iyo abantu benshi batekereje kuri ADHD, batekereza ku mwana udashobora kwicara, ufite ubumuga bwinshi, kandi uhora yiruka. Ariko ubwo ni ubwoko bumwe gusa bwa ADHD. Mu by'ukuri, hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwa ADHD.
1. Ubwoko bwo kutita ku bandi: Muri ubu bwoko tuvuga uyu munsi, ikibazo nyamukuru umwana afite ni ukugorwa no kwita ku bandi. Aba bana akenshi ntibakunda guceceka kandi ntibakina cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, bishobora gutinda kubona ko iyi ndwara ihari. Kera, iyi ndwara yitwaga 'Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD).'
2. Ubwoko bw'umuntu ukora ibintu bidasanzwe - ufite ubushake bwo gukora ibintu bidasanzwe : Uyu ni umwana 'w'umuswa' twese tuzi. Ni nk'imodoka itwara moteri iri hejuru cyane. Bahora bavuga amajwi bakoresheje ibirenge cyangwa amaboko yabo, ntibahwema kuvuga, kandi bakora ibintu icyarimwe batabanje gutekereza.
3. Ubwoko buhuriweho: Muri ubu bwoko, ibiranga byombi bigaragazwa hamwe. Ni ukuvuga ko hari kutita ku bintu no gukora cyane.
Igikuru ni uko akenshi tubona aba bana batita ku bintu nk' "abanebwe," "abatagira icyo bitaho," cyangwa "abirasi." Ariko iyo si ikosa ryabo, ni indwara iterwa n'impinduka mu mikorere y'ubwonko.
Ni gute umuganga amenya niba iyi ndwara ihari?
Niba ukeka ko umwana wawe afite iyi ndwara, ugomba kumwohereza kwa muganga w'abana cyangwa umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe . Bazagufata amakuru wowe, umwana, n'abarimu b'umwana kugira ngo bamenye iyo ndwara.
Ubusanzwe, umuganga azasuzuma iyi ndwara areba niba umwana amaze nibura amezi arenga 6 agaragaza ibimenyetso bitandatu muri ibi bikurikira .
| Ibimenyetso | Ibi bivuze iki? |
|---|---|
| Kurota ku manywa no kurangazwa byoroshye | Mu gihe ukora umukoro wo mu ishuri cyangwa mu rugo, uhita wisanga mu yindi si. Ndetse n'urusaku ruto rushobora kugukurura. |
| Gusiba amakuru y'ingenzi, gukora amakosa atabanje kwitonda | Nkunda gukora amakosa adafite ishingiro mu mpapuro z'umukoro no mu bizamini. Sinumva ibice by'ingenzi by'amabwiriza. |
| Kurambirwa byoroshye, bigora kwibanda ku bintu | Nubwo watangira akazi, kararambirana nyuma y'igihe runaka. Biragoye gukomeza gutekereza ku kintu nk'ugusoma igitabo cyangwa gushushanya ishusho igihe cyose. |
| Kugorwa no gukora mu buryo buri ku murongo | Sinshobora kubona impapuro zanjye zo gukoreraho umukoro, isakoshi yanjye y'ibitabo irimo akajagari, ibintu byose biri ahantu hose mu cyumba. Sinzi uko nkora akazi kanjye intambwe ku yindi. |
| Kutumva iyo umuntu avuze | Nubwo wavugana n'umwana akakureba, asa n'aho adateze amatwi. |
| Kwirinda imirimo isaba kwitabwaho cyane | Ntibakunda imirimo isaba kwitonda, nko gukora umukoro cyangwa kwiga ibizamini, maze bakayisubika. |
| Gutakaza ibintu kenshi | Ibintu nk'amakaramu, amakaramu, ibitabo, n'amacupa y'amazi tuzana ku ishuri bihora bitakara. |
| Kwibagirwa mu mirimo ya buri munsi | Wibagirwa utuntu duto wavuze (urugero: "Zana icyo gitabo nujya mu cyumba cyawe"). |
| Kugorwa no gukurikiza amabwiriza, kutarangiza imirimo | Iyo umaze gutangira igikorwa, utangira ikindi mbere yuko ukirangiza. Biragoye gukurikiza amabwiriza runaka. |
Abantu bakuru nabo bashobora gufatwa n'iyi ndwara. Bagomba kuba bafite nibura ibimenyetso bitanu muri ibi.
Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gupima kugira ngo hamenyekane izindi ndwara zishobora kugira ibimenyetso bisa. Urugero:
- Ubumuga bwo kutumva cyangwa kutabona neza
- Ubumuga bwo kwiga
- Indwara zo mu mutwe nko guhangayika cyangwa kwiheba
Twafasha dute umwana nk'uyu?
Niba muganga asuzumye umwana wawe iyi ndwara, ntugatinye. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kumufasha. Ubusanzwe kuvura bikubiyemo uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura, aho kuba bumwe gusa.
Ubuvuzi
Muganga ashobora kumuha imiti yo kunoza uburyo umwana yumva amerewe neza. Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire n'ubujyanama nabyo ni ingenzi cyane. Hari ubwo muganga ashobora no kumuha ibikoresho byihariye, nka "Monarch external Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation System (eTNS) System)" nshya. Ibi bikangura ibice by'ubwonko bikekwa ko bifitanye isano na ADHD. Ariko ibi byose bigenwa na muganga wawe.
Ibintu dushobora gukora nk'ababyeyi
Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku myitwarire bunafasha ababyeyi kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye no gukorana n'umwana wabo.
| Uburyo bw'ingirakamaro | Ibintu ushobora gukora |
|---|---|
| Gukora Urutonde rw' 'Ibikorwa' | Kora urutonde rw'ibintu byo gukora (imirimo yo mu rugo, gusukura icyumba) hanyuma urushyire ahantu umwana wawe ashobora kurubona (kuri firigo, ku meza y'umwana). |
| Kugabanya imirimo minini mo ibice bito | Aho kuvuga ngo "Genda ukore umukoro wawe" icyarimwe, gabanyamo intambwe nto nka "Banza ukore imibare. Hanyuma usome igice mu gitabo cya Sinhala. Hanyuma, andika inyandiko ngufi kuri byo." |
| Gutanga inama zisobanutse neza kandi zoroshye | Mu gihe utanga inama, ntukavuge ibintu byinshi icyarimwe, ahubwo uvuge mu buryo bworoshye, bugufi, kimwe kimwe icyarimwe. |
| Kugira ibintu byose mu buryo bunoze. | Kora ahantu hihariye ho gushyira imyenda, ibitabo n'ibikinisho by'umwana wawe byose. Muri ubwo buryo, bizaborohera kubibona. |
| Gukora gahunda ya buri munsi | Ku bana nk'aba, kugira gahunda bishobora kubafasha gukomeza kwibanda ku bintu. Igire akamenyero ko gukora ibintu icyarimwe buri munsi (kubyuka, koza amenyo, kurya). Andika iyi gahunda uyishyire ahantu ushobora kuyibona mu rugo. |
| Kugabanya ibintu bibangamira abantu | Iyo umwana wawe arimo kwiga, menya neza ko uzimya ibintu nka televiziyo, mudasobwa, radiyo na telefoni. Niba uri mu ishuri, niba bishoboka, saba umwarimu kumukura ku idirishya cyangwa ku muryango maze amwicaze imbere. |
| Ibihembo ku murimo mwiza | Buri wese akunda gushimirwa akazi keza. Iyo arangije umukoro we ku gihe, cyangwa asukuye icyumba cye, mushimire uti “Ni byiza cyane, mwana wanjye/umukobwa.” Wenda umuhe impano nto (ibiryo akunda, urugendo rwo kujya muri pariki y’inyamaswa). |
Kubera ko umwana wawe azaba ari ku ishuri umunsi wose, ugomba gukomeza kuvugana n'umwarimu w'umwana wawe. Mumenyeshe uko umwana wawe ameze, kandi mufatanye gufasha umwana wawe.Shaka uburyo bwo kubikora. Niba bibaye ngombwa, ushobora kuvugana n'umuyobozi w'ikigo maze ukabona ibikoresho bikenewe ku mwana wawe (urugero, igihe kinini cyo gukora ibizamini).
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- ADHD si ubunebwe bw'umwana cyangwa imyitwarire mibi. Ni indwara yemewe n'abaganga.
- Niba umwana wawe afite ibi bimenyetso, ntugatekereze gusa, ahubwo ujye kwa muganga nta kabuza.
- Kuvura si imiti gusa. Umusaruro mwiza uboneka iyo byose bihuye: imiti, uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire, n'ubufasha butangwa n'ababyeyi n'abarimu.
- Iyo bavuwe neza, bagafashwa, bagaterwa inkunga, kandi bagashobora kugera ku ntego zabo kandi bakagera ku ntsinzi. Bakwiye urukundo rwawe, kwihangana no kubasobanukirwa.
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