Ese uhora witsamura iyo ukoze ku gacupa k'umukungugu? Cyangwa uhora urya ikintu? Kuri bamwe, kugira izuru rizibye, izuru rivamo amazi, n'amaso atukura kandi asharira ni ibintu bidashimishije cyane. Nta muti urambye w'iyi ndwara yitwa allergie. Ariko ntugahangayike, hari imiti myinshi ishobora kugenzura ibi bimenyetso bibabaza no kuguha ihumure rikomeye. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku miti itangwa kuri izi allergie.
Antihistamine ni iki?
Antihistamines ni izina risanzwe twumva iyo tuvuga ku byerekeye ubwivumbure. Yakoreshejwe mu kurwanya ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi. Iboneka mu buryo bw'ibinini, ibinyobwa, imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru, n'ibitonyanga mu maso.
Mu magambo make, iyo umubiri wawe uhuye n'ikintu runaka kigutera ubwivumbure, nk'agace k'umukungugu, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe burakora cyane. Hanyuma, ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo twitwa mast cells busohora shimi yitwa histamine. Iyi histamine ni yo ikora ibintu byose kuva ku kwishima kugeza ku kwitsamura, kuva mu mazuru asohoka, no gutukura amaso. Rero, icyo iyi miti irwanya antihistamine ikora ni ukubuza imikorere y'iyi miti yitwa histamine.
| Ubwoko bw'umuti | Ingero n'inyandiko |
|---|---|
| Ibinini bidatuza | Ibi bikoreshwa cyane ubu. Ingero: Cetirizine, Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Levocetirizine. Ibi ntibitera gusinzira cyane. |
| Ibinini bigabanya ububabare | Iyi ni imiti ishaje. Ishobora gutuma usinziriza cyane, bityo ntuyifate niba utwaye imodoka cyangwa ukoresha imashini. Urugero: Chlorpheniramine (Piriton), Diphenhydramine. |
| Ibitonyanga by'amaso n'imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru | Ibitonyanga by'amaso bikoreshwa mu kuvura amaso atukura n'asharira, naho ibitonyanga by'amazuru bikoreshwa mu kuvura ibintu nko kusharira amazuru no kwitsamura. Urugero: Ketotifen (ibitonyanga by'amaso), Azelastine (ibitonyanga by'amazuru). |
Ni izihe ngaruka mbi ziterwa n'imiti irwanya indwara zo mu mutwe (antihistamines)?
Ingaruka nyamukuru z'imiti ishaje ni ugusinzira . Nanone, hari abantu bashobora kudasinzira iyo bafata iyi miti, ariko bashobora kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu kandi bagafata igihe gito cyo kuyifata. Kubwibyo, ugomba kwitonda cyane iyo ukoresha iyi miti.
Izindi ngaruka mbi:
- Umunwa wumye
- Kutabona neza gato
- Kugorwa no kunyara
- Umutwe
- Umunaniro
Imiti igabanya ububabare
Izuru rizibye no guhumeka nabi ni byo bibazo bikomeye bya aleriji. Imiti igabanya ububabare ni ubwoko bw'umuti ushobora kugufasha kugabanya ibi. Iyo ufite aleriji, ingirangingo n'imitsi y'amaraso biri mu mazuru yawe birabyimba. Iyi miti ikora mu kugabanya kubyimba no gufungura izuru ryawe. Iza mu buryo bw'ibinini, ibinyobwa, n'imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru.
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Ntugakoreshe imiti igabanya ububabare mu mazuru (urugero: Oxymetazoline) mu gihe kirenga iminsi itatu cyangwa ine. Iyo ukomeje kuyikoresha, kuzura kw'amazuru yawe bishobora kwiyongera (kuzura kw'amazuru). Bityo rero , kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe buri gihe.
Ingaruka mbi z'imiti igabanya ububabare bw'umubiri
Iyi miti ishobora kongera umuvuduko w'amaraso. Kubwibyo, ntiyemerwa ku bantu bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa glaucoma. Ishobora kandi gutera ibitotsi no kubura amahoro.
Imiti ivanze
Hari igihe ushobora kugira ibimenyetso byinshi bya allergie icyarimwe. Urugero, izuru rizibye no kwitsamura. Kuri izi ndwara, hari ibinini bivanga antihistamine n'umuti ugabanya kubyimba kw'umubiri. Ingero z'imiti nk'iyo zirimo Cetirizine + Pseudoephedrine (Zyrtec-D) cyangwa Loratadine + Pseudoephedrine (Claritin-D). Iyi miti igabanya ibimenyetso byinshi icyarimwe.
Reka twige ibijyanye na Steroids / Corticosteroids
Steroids ni umuti mwiza cyane wo kurwanya ububyimbirwe, kubyimba, no gutukura biterwa na allergie. Ni mwiza cyane ku mazuru afite ubwivumbure, kwitsamura no gushya.
Ibi kandi biza mu buryo butandukanye:
- Spray zo mu mazuru : Izi zikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura allergie zo mu mazuru. (Urugero: Fluticasone, Mometasone)
- Ibinini/Ibinyobwa: Bitangwa igihe gito ku ndwara zikomeye cyangwa indwara nka asima.
- Amavuta yo kwisiga: Akoreshwa mu kuvura uruhu rurwaye (dermatitis).
- Ibitonyanga by'amaso: Bikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya conjunctivitis.
Wibuke ko kugira ngo wungukire cyane ku miti ya steroid, cyane cyane spray zo mu mazuru, ugomba gukomeza kuyikoresha nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse, ndetse no mu minsi nta bimenyetso ufite. Bishobora gufata icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri kugira ngo ubone umusaruro.
Gutera mu mazuru rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ubwumye cyangwa kuva amaraso make mu mazuru. Niba ugize ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, vugana na muganga wawe.
Indi miti yihariye n'uburyo bwo kuvura
Uretse ibyo byavuzwe haruguru, hari ubundi bwoko bwinshi bw'imiti.
- Ibitera imbaraga mu guhagarara kw'uturemangingo twa Mast Cell: Ibi bikora mu guhagarara kw'uturemangingo twa 'mast cells' twavuze mbere kandi bikabuza irekurwa rya histamine. Cromolyn sodium ni urugero rw'ibi.
- Uburyo bwo guhindura Leukotriene: Mu gihe umuntu agize allergie, hakorwa ikindi kinyabutabire cyitwa 'leukotriene' hamwe na histamine. Iyi miti ikora mu kubuza imikorere yayo. Montelukast (Singulair) ni umuti ukoreshwa cyane muri ubwo bwoko.
- Ubuvuzi bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Ubu ni uburyo butandukanye kandi bw'igihe kirekire. Bushobora kugira akamaro cyane ku bantu barwaye allergie hafi ya buri mwaka. Bukubiyemo guha ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe dose nto y'ibintu bitera allergie, utangirana na byo hanyuma bikiyongera buhoro buhoro, haba mu gutera allergie cyangwa ibinini bito. Ibi bigomba gukorwa uyobowe n'inzobere.
- Imiti yoroshye itari imiti: Hari igihe koza izuru ukoresheje spray ya saline mu mazuru bishobora gufasha kugabanya kuziba kw'izuru n'amacandwe. Nanone, ibitonyanga by'amaso bitari imiti byitwa artificial tears bishobora gufasha kugabanya ubwivumbure n'amarira mu maso.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kubera ko hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti itera allergie, jya ugisha inama muganga kugira ngo aguhitiremo ijyanye n'ibimenyetso byawe n'ubuzima bwawe. Ntukigere ukoresha imiti abandi bakoresha.
- Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura allergie (cyane cyane antihistamine za kera) ishobora gutera gusinzira cyane.Bishobora kubaho. Niba ukoresha iyo miti, irinde gutwara imodoka cyangwa gukoresha imashini zishobora guteza akaga.
- Irinde gukoresha imiti yo mu mazuru igabanya ububabare bw'amazuru mu gihe kirenze iminsi mike udafite inama ya muganga.
- Kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza uvuye mu miti ikoreshwa mu mazuru ya steroid, ni ngombwa kuyikoresha neza, buri munsi, kandi nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
- Niba ugize ingaruka mbi zidasanzwe mu gihe ukoresha umuti uwo ari wo wose, hagarika gufata umuti ako kanya kandi ubibwire muganga wawe.
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