Ese amaraso yawe yumva afite ikibazo cyo kugabanuka kw'amaraso? Reka tuvuge ku kugabanuka k'imitsi!

Ese hari igihe wumva ububabare mu maguru yawe iyo ugenda? Cyangwa hari aho wumva umeze nk'uzuzuzuzu cyangwa urwaye ibisebe? Ntugatekereze ko ibi ari ibintu bitunguranye gusa. Wenda iki ni ikimenyetso cy'uko amaraso atembera mu mubiri wawe afite intege nke. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ngingo imwe y'ingenzi. Ni ukugabanuka kw'amaraso atembera mu mitsi, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, `(Arterial Insufficiency)`.

Kudakora neza kw'imitsi y'amaraso ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ibi ni igihe ingano y'amaraso atembera mu mitsi imwe cyangwa myinshi mu mubiri wacu igabanuka. Imitsi imeze nk'imiyoboro itwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni mu mubiri wacu yose kuva mu mutima kugera ku zindi ngingo n'uturemangingo. None se, bigenda bite iyo iyi miyoboro izibye cyangwa igafunga? Ni bwo amaraso atembera. Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni ukwiyongera kw'ibinure mu nkuta z'imitsi, indwara yitwa "Atherosclerosis".

Buri gice cy'umubiri wacu gikenera amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni kugira ngo gikore. Rero iyo imitsi idashoboye kohereza amaraso neza, ingingo zacu n'ingingo zacu ntibizashobora gukora neza. Ibi bishobora guteza ingorane zikomeye .

Iyi ndwara (Arterial Insufficiency) ishobora kukugiraho ingaruka mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi:

1. Kunanirwa guhagarara neza kw'imitsi: Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso agabanutse cyangwa agahagarara burundu bitewe n'impamvu runaka (akenshi amaraso agwa). Iyi ni indwara isaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

2. Kudakora neza kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu buryo buhoraho: Iyi ni indwara aho amaraso agenda agabanuka buhoro buhoro bitewe n'indwara runaka (akenshi na atherosclerosis yavuzwe haruguru). Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibimenyetso bigenda byiyongera, kandi ibyago byo kugira ibibazo biriyongera.

Igikuru ni uko iyo iyi ndwara imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi ikavurwa neza, ibyago byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kugabanuka cyane.

Ni gute iki kibazo bigira ingaruka ku mibiri yacu?

Kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu mitsi bigabanya uburyo amaraso anyura mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wacu, cyane cyane ingingo z'ingenzi n'ingingo. Uburyo ibi bigira ingaruka ku mubiri biterwa n'imitsi ifunganye cyangwa ifunze .

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo:

• Iyo imitsi yo mu ijosi ryawe (imitsi ya carotide cyangwa iy'umugongo) igabanutse, urugero nko mu ndwara yitwa indwara y'imitsi ya carotide, bigira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe .
• Ikibazo cya aorta , nko kugabanuka k'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu nda, gishobora kugira ingaruka ku gituza cyawe, umugongo, no ku nda .
• Iyo hari ikibazo mu mitsi y'umutima itanga amaraso mu mutima , indwara yitwa indwara y'imitsi y'umutima, bigira ingaruka ku mutima wawe.
• Iyo hari ikibazo ku mitsi ijyana amaraso mu mara mato (``Superior mesenteric artery``) , indwara nka ``Mesenteric artery stenosis``, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amara mato .
• Niba hari ikibazo ku mitsi itanga amaraso mu mpyiko (imitsi y'impyiko) , indwara yitwa indwara y'imitsi y'impyiko, kizagira ingaruka ku mpyiko zawe.
• Kuziba kw'imitsi yo mu maguru yawe , nk'indwara y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere (PAD), bishobora kugira ingaruka ku maguru no ku birenge byawe.
• Indwara yitwa pulmonary embolism, ari yo ndwara yo kubumba amaraso ifunga imitsi yo mu bihaha byawe , ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bihaha byawe.

Ariko kandi ni ngombwa kwibuka ko kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu mitsi mu by'ukuri bigira ingaruka ku gice cyose cy'umubiri mu buryo butaziguye. Ushobora kubona ibimenyetso mu gice cy'umubiri cyegereye imitsi ifunganye cyane. Ariko, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bitera imitsi ifunganye aho ngaho (nk'imitsi ifunganye) bishobora no kubaho no mu yindi mitsi mu mubiri. Urugero, niba ufite amaraso adakira bitewe na atherosclerosis mu mitsi yo ku kuguru kwawe, uri mu kaga ko kurwara ikintu nk'icyo mu mutima wawe.

Buri gice cy'umubiri wacu gikeneye ogisijeni kugira ngo kibeho. Iyo urugingo cyangwa ingingo bibuze ogisijeni mu buryo butunguranye, urwo rugingo rushobora gucika intege mu masaha make, mu gihe habayeho "kunanirwa guhagarara neza kw'imitsi". Ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye biteza ubuzima bitewe no kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu mitsi:

• Ischemia y'ingingo ikomeye: Kuziba kw'amaraso ajya mu maboko , amaguru, cyangwa ibirenge.
• Indwara y'umutima: Kuziba kw'amaraso ajya mu mutima.
• Kuziba kw'amaraso mu bihaha: Kuziba kw'amaraso ajya mu bihaha.
• Stroke: Kuziba kw'amaraso ajya mu bwonko.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kwica iyo idavuwe neza, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kumenya ibimenyetso byayo no kuganira na muganga wawe ku ngaruka zishobora kubaho.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo gutakaza amaraso mu mitsi no gutakaza amaraso mu mitsi?

Ibi byombi ni ibibazo bifitanye isano n'ingendo z'amaraso, ariko hari itandukaniro rito.

Kudakora neza kw'imitsi ni ikibazo cy'uko amaraso atembera mu mitsi. Kudakora neza kw'imitsi ni ikibazo cy'uko amaraso atembera mu mitsi (imitsi ijyana amaraso yanduye mu mutima).

Mu magambo make:

• Imitsi ni yo itwara amaraso meza kandi akungahaye kuri ogisijeni ava mu mutima mu mubiri wose.
• Imitsi ni yo igarura amaraso yanduye kandi yabuze umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mutima.

Impamvu z’izo ndwara zombi ziratandukanye. Impamvu nyamukuru ituma amaraso agabanuka mu mitsi ni ukwiyongera kw’ibinure mu nkuta z’imitsi (atherosclerosis). Kugabanuka kw’amaraso mu mitsi biterwa ahanini no kwangirika kw’imitsi yo mu maguru.

Kunanirwa k'imitsi bishobora kubaho mu mitsi aho ari ho hose mu mubiri, ariko indwara yitwa kunanirwa k'imitsi ahanini igira ingaruka ku maguru.

Izi ndwara zombi zishobora gutera ububabare no kumererwa nabi mu maguru. Niba amaguru yawe ahora ababara, yumva aremereye, abyimbye, cyangwa ananiwe, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga kugira ngo agusobanurire ibi bimenyetso.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Hari abantu bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso kugeza igihe indwara ikomereye cyangwa habaye ikibazo cyihutirwa. Ariko hari abantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Kuzungera: Kumva utakaje uburinganire.
• Gutera claudication mu gihe gito: Ububabare bw'amaguru bubaho iyo ugenda bugashira iyo uruhuka. Ibi ni igihe ubabara ukuguru kwawe mu gihe ukora imyitozo runaka, cyane cyane kugenda n'amaguru, maze ububabare bugashira nyuma yo kuruhuka gato.
• Ububabare mu birenge cyangwa mu mano: Kubabara ibirenge cyangwa mu mano, ndetse no mu gihe umuntu aruhutse.
• Impinduka mu ibara ry'uruhu n'imiterere yarwo: Uruhu rufite ibicurane ku maguru no ku birenge, uburyaryate, n'impinduka mu ibara ry'uruhu.
• Kubabara mu gifu: Kubabara mu gifu bitangira iminota 15-20 nyuma yo kurya, bikamara amasaha make, hanyuma bikagenda.
• Ibisebe: Ibisebe bidakira ku maguru no ku birenge (cyane cyane ku karenge). Ibi ni ikimenyetso cy'uko amaraso atembera nabi.
• Kugabanya ibiro: Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo butunguranye kandi butunguranye.

Ushobora kuba ufite imitsi ifunganye cyangwa yazibye ahantu harenze hamwe mu mubiri wawe. Urugero, abantu bafite indwara y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere cy'amaguru (PAD) bashobora kurwara indwara y'imitsi yo mu mutima (CAD). Bityo, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bifitanye isano na buri kibazo. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubibwira muganga wawe ako kanya ubonye ikimenyetso na gito cyane.

Ibimenyetso by'impanuka - ntubyirengagize!

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, hamagara 911 (1990 muri Sri Lanka) cyangwa ujye kwa muganga wihuta. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byihutirwa by’ubuvuzi:

• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa gufungana.
• Kumva urimo kureba mu buryo bwa kabiri cyangwa se ukaba warataye amaso.
• Kunanirwa.
• Gupfa kw'ingingo (`Gangrene`) (kwijima k'uruhu, impumuro mbi).
• Uruhu rwerurutse, ibyuya bikonje, cyangwa uruhu rw'ubururu.
• Ukwiyongera gutunguranye k'umuvuduko w'umutima.
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza.
• Ububabare butunguranye, bukabije mu gituza, ku kuboko, ku rutugu, ku ijosi, cyangwa mu rwasaya.
• Guhumeka nabi bitunguranye nta mpamvu.
• Kubabara cyangwa kubabara mu bitugu, mu ijosi, mu gifu, no mu mugongo nta mpamvu igaragara.

Uramutse ufite ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe, ushobora no kutabasha guhamagara. Bityo rero, niba bishoboka, fata "igikoresho cyo kumenyesha kwa muganga" (nk'umukufi) igihe cyose. Nanone, bwira umuryango wawe n'inshuti zawe ibyo bimenyetso. Kugira ngo bashobore kuguhamagara 1990 bakimara kubibona.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni izihe?

Impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi zituma amaraso agabanuka mu mitsi ni izi zikurikira:

• Ateriosclerosis: Ibinure byishyize mu nkuta z'imitsi (atherosclerosis): Ibinure byiyongera mu mitsi, nka cholesterol, bikayifunga burundu.
• Thrombose: Indwara y'amaraso ikora mu mitsi, ikabuza amaraso gutembera.

Ni gute wasuzuma ibi?

Abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara bakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, bagukorera amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, kandi bagukorera isuzuma ry'umubiri. Muganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo byinshi kugira ngo amenye byinshi bishoboka ku ndwara yawe. Urugero:

• Ibimenyetso byawe ni ibihe?
• Ibi bimenyetso bimaze igihe kingana iki bigaragaye?
• Ubabara wumva he?
• Ese ibimenyetso biraza hanyuma bikagenda? Niba ari byo, bizaza ryari?
• Ni iki wakora kugira ngo ugabanye ibimenyetso?

Muganga azakubwira kandi ibi bikurikira:

• Amateka yawe y'ubuzima yabanje.
• Indwara zigaragara mu muryango wawe (zifitanye isano n'uturemangingo).
• Izindi ndwara ufite ubu.
• Imiti ukoresha.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma umubiri, muganga ashobora gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Bakubwira kumwenyura kugira ngo urebe niba uruhande rumwe rw'isura yawe rugwa.
• Imyakura igenzurwa ahantu henshi ku mubiri (nk'igituza, ikiganza, n'akaguru).
• Hafatwa ikizamini cy'amaraso kugira ngo harebwe urwego rutandukanye rushobora kuba rufitanye isano n'indwara z'imitsi.
• Amaso yawe n'amaso yawe bizagenzurwa.
• Reba niba hari impinduka mu ibara ry'uruhu rwawe cyangwa imiterere yarwo.
• Reba ibisebe ku ruhu.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso upimirwa mu maboko yombi.

Iki kizamini gishobora kubwira muganga wawe byinshi. Ariko, bashobora no gukora ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo bamenye byinshi ku mitsi yawe.

Ibindi bizamini

Dore bimwe mu bizamini bishobora gufasha kumenya ko amaraso yagabanutse mu mitsi mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri:

• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu maguru yo hasi (ABI): Iki gipimo kigereranya umuvuduko w'amaraso mu maguru yo hasi n'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu kuboko. Ibi bishobora kwerekana uburyo amaraso atembera neza mu mitsi yo mu maguru.
• CT Angiogram (`Computed tomography angiogram - CTA`): Ifata amashusho ya 3D y'imitsi itanga amaraso mu mutima (imitsi yo mu nda), amaboko, amaguru, cyangwa amara kugira ngo ifashe kubona aho ifunga.
• Echocardiogram (`Echocardiogram - echo`): Ikoresha imiraba y'amajwi kugira ngo irebe imikorere y'umutima.
• E.C.G. (`Electrocardiogram - ECG/EKG`): Yandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima. Ishobora kumenya ibibazo by'amaraso atembera neza n'umutima utera nabi.
• Gufata ingano y'imitsi: Bipima impinduka mu ngano y'amaraso mu maguru. Bishobora kumenya aho amaraso azibye.
• Ultrasound y'imitsi: Ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo ifate amafoto y'imitsi yawe (harimo n'iyo mu ijosi) kugira ngo irebe ko hari aho yazibye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'impamvu n'uburemere bw'indwara. Vugana na muganga wawe ku buryo bwiza bwo kuvura. Hari uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Kuvura indwara ya Ateri (kubagwa kugira ngo hakurweho plaque mu mitsi).
• Kubagwa kugira ngo hakurweho kuziba kw'imitsi yo mu ijosi (`Carotid endarterectomy`).
• Gutera imitsi y'umutima (Coronary angioplasty).
• Gushyiramo imitsi y'umutima mu buryo bwa "coronary artery bypass grafting" (CABG).
• Guhindura imibereho: gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kurya neza.
• Imiti: Kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso, cholesterol, n'isukari mu maraso.
• Imiti igabanya ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso (Anticoagulants).
• Imiyoboro mito y'urushundura (`Stents`) ikoreshwa mu gutuma imitsi ifunguka.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara ibi? (Ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago)

Umuntu wese ashobora kugira "Arterial insufficiency". Ariko hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bibazo, nawe uri mu kaga gakomeye:

• Umutima utari umeze neza (`Atrial fibrillation`).
• Diyabete (`Diabete Mellitus`).
• Kolesteroli nyinshi mu maraso (`Hyperlipidemia`).
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension).
• Kubura poroteyine C.
• Kubura poroteyine S.
• Indwara zituma amaraso yifunga vuba cyane (`Thrombophilia`).
• Kuziba kw'amaraso bifitanye isano na kanseri (`Trousseau syndrome`).

Izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera ibyago:

• Imyaka irenga 60 y'amavuko.
• Gutwita.
• Kunywa itabi no kunywa itabi.
• Gukoresha ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro birimo estrogen.

Wakwirinda gute ibi? (Kwirinda)

Guhindura imibereho bishobora gufasha cyane mu kugabanya iyi ngaruka. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri munsi. Gerageza kugenda n'amaguru nibura iminota 30 ku munsi, iminsi itanu mu cyumweru. Menya neza ko waganiriye na muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gahunda nshya y'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Reka kunywa itabi burundu. Ibi birimo kunywa itabi rya vape no kurihekenya.
• Kurikiza indyo yuzuye umutima.
• Gabanya kunywa inzoga. Ku bagabo, nturenze ibinyobwa bibiri ku munsi. Ku bagore, nturenze kimwe ku munsi.
• Genzura ibiro byawe. Baza muganga wawe uburemere bwiza kuri wewe.
• Fata imiti wahawe ku gihe.
• Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga nibura rimwe mu mwaka.

Ni gute wakwihanganira iki kibazo?

Mu gihe ubana n'indwara yo kubura imitsi ihagije, zirikana ibi bikurikira:

• Kora gahunda y'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Abantu bose si kimwe. Hitamo imyitozo ngororamubiri ukunda. Ishobora kuba ikintu cyose kuva ku kubyina, gusiganwa ku rubura, kugeza gutembera muri pariki. Nanone, shaka uburyo bwo kongeramo intambwe nke ku mikorere yawe ya buri munsi. Buri gihe baza muganga wawe imyitozo ngororamubiri ikubereye.
• Reba uburyo bwo kurya neza. Reba ibintu nk'indyo yo mu nyanja ya Mediterane n'indyo ya DASH.
• Komeza uruhu rwawe rusukuye. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane niba ufite PAD, diyabete-related neuropathy, cyangwa indi neuropathy yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso. Karaba ibirenge n'amaguru buri munsi kandi wisige amavuta yo kwisiga. Reba niba uruhu rwahinduye ibara, imivune cyangwa ibisebe.
• Reka kunywa itabi no kunywa itabi. Saba ubufasha kwa muganga wawe.
• Ambara inkweto nziza. Inkweto zigomba kuba zifasha kandi zigakwira neza.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Komeza gahunda zawe zose zo kwa muganga no gukurikirana. Muganga wawe azakubwira inshuro ugomba kugaruka.

Nanone, niba ubonye ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa impinduka mu bimenyetso byawe, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya. Bishobora kandi kuba ingirakamaro gucapa urutonde rw'ibimenyetso byawe no kubigumana. Biroroshye kubura ikimenyetso mu gihe cy'akazi ka buri munsi, cyangwa kwibaza uti "Iki ni iki?" Rero, menya ibintu ugomba kwitondera. Sangiza aya makuru abakunzi bawe.

Iyo umenye ko ufite "Arterial insufficiency", ushobora kwibaza uti "Nzabikemura nte?" Icyo ni cyo kintu cya mbere dutekerezaho iyo turwaye. Ushobora kwifuza gusubiza igihe inyuma ugakora ibintu mu buryo butandukanye. Ariko iki si igihe cyo gusubiza amaso inyuma, ahubwo ni igihe cyo kureba imbere.

Ibande ku byo ufite ubu. Ni izihe mpinduka ushobora guhita ukora? Ni izihe z'ingenzi kurusha izindi? Shaka ubuyobozi bwa muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'impinduka mu mibereho yawe n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, ntugomba gukora uru rugendo wenyine. Muganga wawe n'itsinda ryawe ryose ry'ubuvuzi bari hano kugira ngo bagufashe kunoza ubuzima bw'imitsi yawe.

Kuziba kw'imitsi, kugabanuka kw'amaraso atembera neza, indwara z'umutima, imiyoboro y'amaraso , ubuzima, indwara zo gucika kw'imitsi, cholesterol