Ese wigeze ukomereka gato ukagira amaraso make, hanyuma bigahagarara byonyine? Ni uburyo butangaje bwo kwirwanaho mu mubiri wacu. Kugira ngo amaraso ahagarike, amaraso ahinduka mu mubiri wacu. Iyi ni inzira y'ingenzi cyane kandi isanzwe. Ariko, tekereza uko byagenda iyo aya maraso avutse nta gikomere, mu mubiri wawe gusa, mu mitsi yawe. Ibyo ni byo twita gusa indwara yo kuvura amaraso, cyangwa mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi `(Hypercoagulable State)` cyangwa `( Thrombophilia )`.
Mu magambo make, iyi ndwara yo kuvura amaraso ni iyihe?
Iki ni cyo gihe amaraso yawe acikamo ibice byoroshye kurusha uko bisanzwe. Udukoko tw'amaraso tubaho iyo poroteyine zikorwa n'umwijima wacu ( ibintu bituma amaraso acikamo ibice ) na platelets mu maraso yacu bihuriye hamwe. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo amaraso ahagarike kuva mu maraso iyo habayeho imvune. Ariko iyo iki gikorwa kibaye gikomeye cyane, gishobora kuba ikibazo.
Tubyita amaraso adakenewe atera imbere mu mitsi "thrombus" cyangwa "embolus".
Ese koko iki kibazo giteje akaga?
Yego, ibi bishobora guteza akaga iyo bitavuwe. Ibi biterwa nuko amaraso ashobora kuzura ahantu hose mu mubiri wacu. Ashobora kwibasira cyane cyane mu mitsi itwara amaraso ava mu mutima ajya mu bindi bice by'umubiri no mu mitsi itwara amaraso ava mu mubiri ajya mu mutima.
Iyo amaraso apfunditse mu mitsi...
Udukoko tw'amaraso twibasira imitsi dushobora gucika no kugendana n'amaraso, bigatera ibibazo bibiri by'ingenzi:
- Kuziba kw'imitsi miremire (DVT): Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso apfunditse mu mitsi miremire, cyane cyane mu maguru, mu kibuno, mu maboko, mu mwijima, mu mara, cyangwa mu mpyiko. Tekereza ko uri mu ndege amasaha menshi. Gukomeza amaguru yawe mu mwanya umwe bishobora gutuma amaraso atembera nabi, kandi amaraso ashobora gupfundika mu mitsi yo ku kuguru kwawe. Ibi byitwa DVT.
- Kuvunguka kw'amaraso mu bihaha: Iyi ni ikibazo cyihutirwa. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo amaraso yacitse mu kaguru, nka DVT, agacika agafata imitsi yo mu bihaha. Ibi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Iyo amaraso apfunditse mu mitsi...
Imitsi ni imitsi itanga amaraso arimo ogisijeni mu bwonko bwacu, umutima, n'ingingo. Iyo amaraso agize kimwe muri ibyo, bishobora kwangiza bikomeye.
- Stroke: Iyo amaraso apfutse umutsi ujyana amaraso mu bwonko.
- Indwara y'Umutima: Iyo amaraso apfutse afunga imitsi y'umutima itanga amaraso mu mutima.
- Kubabara cyane amaguru no kugorwa no kugenda.
- Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, bishobora no kuba ngombwa gukuraho ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru.
Iyi ndwara ishobora no gutera gukuramo inda mu gihe utwite. Iyi ngaruka iri hejuru cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara nka "Antiphospholipid Syndrome." Muri rusange, ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso byiyongera inshuro eshanu mu gihe utwite bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'amaraso n'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mubiri.
Wamenya ute ko ufite iyi ndwara? Ni ibihe bimenyetso?
Ibimenyetso biterwa n'aho amaraso yangiritse mu mubiri. Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi.
| Ibimenyetso | Ni iki gikunze kuvugwaho? |
|---|---|
| Kubyimba, gutukura, ububabare, n'ubushyuhe mu kuguru | Amaraso ashobora kuzura mu mitsi yo mu bwihisho (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) . |
| Kubabara mu gituza bitunguranye no kugorwa no guhumeka | Amaraso ashobora kuzura mu bihaha (pulmonary embolism) . Ibi ni ibintu byihutirwa. |
| Gutungurwa mu buryo butunguranye mu maso, mu kuboko, cyangwa mu kuguru (cyane cyane ku ruhande rumwe), kugorwa no kuvuga, cyangwa guhindura icyerekezo cy'amaso | Bishobora kuba indwara yo mu bwonko . Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa. |
| Gufungana hagati mu gituza, ububabare bugera ku kuboko kw'ibumoso, mu rwasaya, cyangwa mu mugongo, kubira ibyuya | Bishobora kuba indwara y'umutima . Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa. |
Kuki izi ndwara zibaho? Ni izihe mpamvu?
Indwara zo kuvura amaraso zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: impamvu zivukanwa (genetic) n'impamvu zivukanwa.
| Ubwoko bw'impamvu | Ibisobanuro n'ingero |
|---|---|
| 1. Impamvu z'umurage / Genetic | |
| Ubusembwa bw'uturemangingo | Ibi ni ibintu dukura ku babyeyi bacu. Si buri wese ufite ibi bizatera kubyimba kw'amaraso, ariko ibyago ni byinshi.
|
| 2. Impamvu zabonetse | |
| Izindi ndwara |
|
| Imibereho n'ibindi bintu | |
Ni gute abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara?
Kuba ufite amaraso adakora neza ntibivuze ko ufite ikibazo cy’uturemangingo, bityo muganga wawe azasuzuma neza amateka yawe bwite n’ay’umuryango wawe.
Ubusanzwe, abantu bafite ibintu bikurikira bishobora gutera ibyago boherezwa gupimwa nk'ibi:
- Niba hari umuntu mu muryango ufite amateka y'ubu bwoko bw'amaraso apfundikiye.
- Iyo umuntu uri munsi y'imyaka 50 agize ikibazo cyo kubyimba kw'amaraso.
- Iyo amaraso apfunditse ahantu hadasanzwe, nko mu maboko, mu mwijima, cyangwa mu bwonko.
- Iyo amaraso apfunditse nta mpamvu idasanzwe.
- Niba ufite amaraso asubira kuzura.
- Niba inda zikunze kugaragara.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gucika intege mu mutwe ukiri muto.
Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa?
Hazakorwa ibizamini byinshi by'amaraso kugira ngo hamenyekane uko umeze.
- PT-INR: Niba ufata umuti wa `Warfarin`, iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo harebwe uburyo amaraso yawe yihuta cyane.
- aPTT: Iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo harebwe uko amaraso yitabira umuti wa `Heparin` niba uwufata.
- Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (CBC): Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye.
- Ikizamini cya Fibrinogen
Ibizamini byihariye bya genetiki bikorerwa kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara umuntu avukana. Bakora kandi ibizamini kugira ngo barebe urugero rwa poroteyine nka `Poroteyine C`, `Poroteyine S`, na `Antithrombin`.
Kubera ko ibi bizamini ari ingenzi cyane, ni ngombwa cyane ko bikorerwa muri laboratwari yihariye kandi bigasobanurwa neza na muganga ufite ubumenyi bwihariye.
Ivurwa ite?
Akenshi, ubuvuzi bukenerwa gusa iyo amaraso yacitse mu mitsi. Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura ni ukurinda ko amaraso akomeza kugabanuka no guhagarika amaraso asanzwe kugabanuka kwiyongera.
Imiti igabanya amaraso ikoreshwa kuri ibi. Mu buvuzi, iyi miti twita 'Anticoagulants'.
Imiti ikoreshwa cyane:
- Asipirine
- Warfarin (ubwoko bw'ibinini binyobwa)
- Heparin (urushinge ruterwa mu mitsi cyangwa munsi y'uruhu mu bitaro)
- Heparine ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile (urushinge rushobora guterwa munsi y'uruhu mu rugo rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi)
- Fondaparinux (urushinge)
- Imiti igabanya amaraso mu kanwa (DOACs) - iyi ni imiti mishya ikoreshwa mu kunywesha (urugero: Rivaroxaban, Apixaban)
Muganga wawe ni we uzagena umuti ukubereye, igihe ugomba kuwufata, n'uburyo bwo gukurikirana bukenewe.
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Niba ufata umuti nka `Warfarin`, ntugahagarike kuwufata cyangwa ngo uhindure urugero utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose. Nanone, `Warfarin` ntabwo ikwiriye niba utwite cyangwa uteganya gutwita. Menya neza ko ubimenyesheje muganga wawe.
Ese ngomba kwitondera ibyo ndya n'ibyo nnywa iyo mfata Warfarin?
Yego. Ibiribwa bikungahaye kuri vitamine K, cyane cyane, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya Warfarin. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza y'imirire atangwa na muganga wawe mu gihe ufata uyu muti.
Bimwe mu biribwa bikungahaye kuri vitamine K
- Imimero ya Buruseli
- Epinari
- Brokoli
Ibi ntibivuze ko utagomba kurya ibi biribwa, ariko ni ngombwa ko uhora urya buri munsi. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi.
Niba ufite iyi ndwara, wiyitaho ute?
- Niba ufata imiti nka Warfarin, kwambara umukandara w'umuganga uvuga ko bizagufasha kuvurwa neza mu gihe cy'impanuka.
- Imiti imwe n'imwe itangwa mu buryo butari ubwa muganga, nka imiti igabanya ububabare, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku iyi miti igabanya amaraso. Bityo rero banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata indi miti iyo ari yo yose.
- Kora ibizamini by'amaraso buri gihe (nk'ibya PT-INR). Igipimo cy'imiti yawe gishobora gukenera guhindurwa hashingiwe ku bisubizo.
- Niba ugiye kubagwa cyangwa uteganya gutwita, menyesha muganga wawe hakiri kare.
Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga?
Iyo ufashe imiti igabanya amaraso, ushobora kuva amaraso menshi, cyangwa ukaba wakomeretse, ndetse no mu gikomere gito. Ibi ni ibisanzwe.
Ariko, niba uva amaraso menshi cyane cyangwa ubonye uduheri twinshi tw'amaraso, hamagara muganga wawe vuba.
Nanone, niba utekereza ko ufite ibimenyetso bya DVT (kubyimba amaguru, ububabare), shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihutirwa.
Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu Ishami ry’Ubuvuzi bw’Ingoboka (ETU)?
Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira, ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi. Jya ku bitaro bikuru by’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ETU) bikwegereye vuba.
* Kubabara mu gituza bitunguranye no kugorwa no guhumeka (bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya embolism y'ibihaha).
* Ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi.
Kubana n'iki kibazo bishobora kugorana. Ariko iyo uhawe imiti ikwiye n'inama za muganga zikwiye, ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe rwose. Muganga wawe arahari kugira ngo agufashe. Ntutinye rero kumuvugisha ku bibazo cyangwa impungenge ushobora kuba ufite.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara yo kuvura amaraso ni indwara ituma amaraso acikamo ibice mu buryo butari ngombwa kandi byoroshye mu mitsi y'amaraso yo mu mubiri.
- Impamvu zishobora kuba ari uko umuntu avukanye (genetic) cyangwa ibyo umuntu abaho mu buzima bwe (nk'indwara ya kanseri, kubagwa, gutwita).
- Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'aho amaraso apfundikiye. Amaraso apfunditse mu bihaha, mu bwonko, cyangwa mu mutima ni ibintu byihutirwa bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
- Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura ni imiti igabanya amaraso (anticoagulants). Iyi miti igomba gufatwa neza neza nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
- Niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso, banza ubibwire muganga wawe mbere yo gufata indi miti, mbere yo kubagwa, na mbere yo gutwita.
- Niba ubonye kuva amaraso menshi cyangwa ibimenyetso bidasanzwe, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya.
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