Ese nawe ufite ibibazo ku bijyanye na cholesterol? Reka tuvuge kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye!

Ushobora kuba warumvise ijambo 'cholesterol' kenshi iyo ugiye kwa muganga cyangwa iyo umuntu mukuru ari mu rugo avuze, si byo se? Hari abantu batinya cyane, abandi ntibarisobanukirwa neza. Mu by'ukuri cholesterol ni iki? Kuki twagombye kuyihangayikishwa cyane? Uyu munsi, reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye, nk'aho twavuganye n'inshuti.

Kolesteroli ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, cholesterol ni ikintu gifite ibinure byinshi gikorerwa mu mibiri yacu. Cyane cyane gikorwa n'umwijima wacu. Tunakura cholesterol muri bimwe mu biribwa turya. Mu by'ukuri, cholesterol ni ingenzi ku mikorere isanzwe y'umubiri.

Tekereza umubiri wacu nk'inzu. Kolesteroli ni nk'urukuta rwihariye rukoreshwa mu kubaka inkuta z'iyi nzu. Buri ngirabuzimafatizo mu mubiri wacu irimo kolesteroli mu ruhu rwayo, harimo n'uturemangingo two mu bwonko bwacu, imitsi, imitsi, uruhu, umwijima, amara ndetse n'umutima. Bityo rero, kolesteroli ni ingenzi ku mubiri.

None se kuki twagombye gutinya cholesterol cyane?

Ikibazo gitangira, kimwe n'ibindi byose, iyo cholesterol ibaye nyinshi mu mubiri. Iyo bibaye, uba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara indwara nk'indwara z'umutima n'imitsi.

Nk’uko umuyoboro w’amazi ufunganwa n’umwanda n’ingese uko igihe kigenda, iyo cholesterol yiyongera, itangira kwirunda mu nkuta z’imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima wacu. Mu buvuzi, cholesterol yirundanya mu mitsi muri ubu buryo, ari nabyo twita atherosclerosis . Iyo imitsi izibye muri ubu buryo, ingano y’amaraso na ogisijeni bigera ku mutima iragabanuka. Ibi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nko kubabara mu gatuza, indwara z’umutima, no gucika imitsi .

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya cholesterol "nziza" na "mbi"?

Iyo urebye raporo ya cholesterol, uzabona ko hari ubwoko bubiri: LDL na HDL. Ni ingenzi cyane gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibyo byombi.

• Kolesteroli ya LDL (Lipoporoteyine ntoya): Iyi ni yo twita kolesteroli "mbi". Kimwe n'umuntu wicaye mu muhanda, iyi kolesteroli ya LDL ni yo yishyira ku nkuta z'imitsi y'amaraso ikayifunga. Uko urugero rwa LDL rurushaho kuba rwinshi, ni ko ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima byiyongera.

• Cholesterol ya HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Iyi ni yo twita cholesterol "nziza". Kimwe n'imodoka itwara imyanda, cholesterol ya HDL ikuraho cholesterol "mbi" ya LDL yishyize mu miyoboro y'amaraso ikayisubiza mu mwijima. Bityo, uko urugero rwa HDL rurushaho kuba rwinshi, ni ko turushaho kuba beza.

Igipimo cya cholesterol gikwiye kuba kimeze gite?

Abaganga bakugira inama yo kugumana igipimo cya cholesterol yawe kiri munsi ya 200 mg/dL. Ariko ntushobora gufata ibyemezo ushingiye ku mubare umwe gusa. Ugomba kureba ishusho yose.

• Kolesteroli ya LDL ("mbi"): Munsi ya 100 mg/dL ni nziza cyane. Hagati ya 130-159 ni hejuru cyane. Hejuru ya 190 ni ibyago byinshi cyane byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, indwara zo gucika imitsi, n'izindi ndwara.
• Cholesterol ya HDL ("nziza"): Uko ibi biri hejuru, ni ko biba byiza. 60 mg/dL cyangwa irenga ni byiza cyane. Ikintu cyose kiri munsi ya 40 ni ikintu gishobora gutera indwara z'umutima.
• Triglycerides: Ubu ni ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure biri mu maraso. Ni byiza kubibika munsi ya 150 mg/dL. Niba biri hejuru ya 200, ubuvuzi bushobora kuba ngombwa.

Ni iki wakora kugira ngo ugabanye cholesterol?

Inkuru nziza ni uko dushobora gukora byinshi mu kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol mu mubiri wacu duhindura imibereho yacu. Dore bimwe mu bintu dushobora gukora:

• Indyo nziza:
• Gabanya ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi, ibinure na cholesterol nyinshi (urugero: inyama zitukura, sosiso, pizza, amavuta, ibiryo by'amata birimo ibinure byinshi) uko bishoboka kose.
• Kura uruhu ku bintu nk'inkoko hanyuma urye.
• Teka ibiryo uteka, uteka, uteka cyangwa uteka mu muriro aho gukaranga.
• Shyiramo imbuto nyinshi, imboga n'ibimera mu ndyo yawe.
• Mu gihe urya umugati n'umuceri, hitamo ibikozwe mu binyampeke byuzuye (urugero: umuceri w'ingano zose, urad dal, ifu ya atta).

• Imyitozo ngororamubiri:
• Kora nibura iminota 30 y'imyitozo ngororamubiri ku munsi ituma ubira ibyuya kandi bigatuma uhumeka neza. Ibintu nko kugenda vuba, kwiruka, kugendera ku igare no koga byose ni byiza.
• Icy'ingenzi: Vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama ku myitozo ngororamubiri ikubereye kandi ifite umutekano kuri wewe.

• Ibindi bintu:
• Niba ufite umubyibuho ukabije, gerageza kugabanya ibiro .
• Niba unywa itabi, hagarika ako kanya. Kunywa itabi bigabanya cholesterol "nziza" ya HDL kandi byangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Niba ufite imiti wanditswe na muganga wawe, uyifate neza nk'uko wanditswe, mu gihe gikwiye, kandi mu gipimo gikwiye.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kugabanya cholesterol?

Niba guhindura imibereho yawe byonyine bitagenzura urugero rwa cholesterol yawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti. Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane ni iyi:

• Ubwoko bwa statine
• Ezetimibe
• Ibikoresho bibuza PCSK9
• Resine z'aside y'ibinure
• Niyasini
• Fibrate

Ugomba gutangira gusuzuma cholesterol yawe ufite imyaka ingahe?

Kwiyongera kwa cholesterol mu mitsi (atherosclerosis) ni ikintu kigenda kibaho buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi, bityo ni ngombwa kwitondera urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ukiri muto .

Muri rusange, birasabwa ko ugenzurwa cholesterol yawe inshuro imwe hagati y’imyaka 9 na 11, hanyuma wongere ugenzurwe hagati y’imyaka 17 na 21. Ni byiza ko ugenzurwa cholesterol yawe mbere y’igihe, cyane cyane niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe warwaye indwara y’umutima akiri muto, cyangwa niba ufite amateka y’umuryango wawe ya cholesterol nyinshi .