Turibuka uburyo twese twari dufite ubwoba mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya COVID-19. Icyo gihe, twibwiraga ko umwanzi wacu wenyine ari virusi. Ariko tutabizi, undi mwanzi utavuga yagiye agaragara mu bitaro, cyane cyane mu byumba byita ku barwayi barembye. Uyu mwanzi si virusi, ni fungus. Ariko si fungus isanzwe, yitwa 'superfungus'. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri ibi biteje akaga, ariko nta byinshi twumvise kuri iki kibazo cy'ubuzima.
Iyi 'superfungus' ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Mu magambo make, ubu ni ubwoko bw'ibihumyo biteje akaga cyane birwanya imiti myinshi irwanya udukoko iboneka ubu. Muri ibyo, ibihumyo by'ingenzi byakuruye abantu benshi ku isi ni Candida auris , cyangwa `C. auris` mu magambo ahinnye.
Tekereza, mu 2020, ibitaro byo muri Florida, muri Amerika, byashyizeho ishami ryihariye ry’abarwayi ba COVID-19 kandi byita ku isuku ihagije, ariko ubuzima bw’abarwayi bwarushijeho kuba bubi. Abaganga batekerezaga ko ibi byatewe na COVID-19 gusa. Ariko nyuma yo gupimwa amaraso ni bwo inkuru nyayo yasobanuwe. Imibiri y’abo barwayi nayo yanduye agahumyo kitwa 'Candida auris'. Mu byumweru bibiri, abarwayi 35 banduye aka gahumyo, kandi mu kwezi kumwe, 8 muri bo barapfa.
Ibi ntabwo bimeze nk'ubwandu bw'umusemburo dusanzwe turwara, buvurwa byoroshye. Urugero, ubwandu buterwa n'udukoko twa `Candida albicans` bushobora gukira hakoreshejwe imiti isanzwe. Ariko, `C. auris` ni ubwoko butandukanye rwose bw'udukoko, budashobora imiti kandi buteje akaga bushobora gutera ubwandu bukomeye .
Mu by’ukuri, iyi fungus, yitwa 'C. auris', yavumbuwe bwa mbere mu bitaro i Tokyo, mu Buyapani, mu 2009. Ubu bwoko bushya bw'iyi fungus bwavumbuwe ubwo hafatwaga icyitegererezo mu gutwi k'umukecuru wavuwe icyo byakekwaga ko ari indwara yo mu matwi. Kuva icyo gihe, iyi fungus yatangiye gukwirakwira buhoro buhoro ku isi.
Kuki iki gihumyo kigoye cyane kukirwanya?
Kurwanya iyi fungus, `C. auris`, byabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku baganga n'abakozi b'ibitaro kubera impamvu nyinshi:
- Ubushobozi bwo kubaho ku buso: Iyi fungus ishobora kubaho ku buso ubwo aribwo bwose, harimo ibitanda byo mu bitaro, ibipfundikizo by'inzugi, telefoni, n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, mu gihe cy'ibyumweru byinshi.
- Ubudahangarwa ku miti yica udukoko: Imwe mu miti yica udukoko dusanzwe dukoresha ntishobora kwica burundu iyi mikorobe.
- Ingorane mu kumenya: Ibizamini bisanzwe byo muri laboratwari rimwe na rimwe bivuguruza iyi fungus, cyangwa ntibiyimenye na gato.
- Guhindura imiterere:Iyi fungus ishobora kubaho mu buryo butandukanye, bityo rimwe na rimwe biragoye gusobanukirwa neza ubwoko bw'ibinyabuzima mu gihe cyo gupima.
Kubera izo mpamvu, iyo umurwayi umwe mu bitaro yanduye, biragoye cyane gukumira ikwirakwira ry’abarwayi ku bandi. Inzobere zimwe zivuga ko ari nko "kurwana intambara idashoboka."
Ese hari isano iri hagati y'imihindagurikire y'ikirere n'iki gihumyo?
Iki ni cyo kintu gitangaje cyane. Abahanga benshi mu bya siyansi bizera ko imihindagurikire y'ikirere yagize ingaruka zitaziguye ku kugaragara no gukwirakwira kw'udukoko twitwa "superduke" nka "C. auris".
Tekereza nawe, ibihumyo ubusanzwe bishyuha kurusha ubushyuhe bw'umubiri wacu (37 selisiyusi). Bityo ntibishobora kubaho mu mibiri yacu byoroshye. Ariko uko isi igenda ishyuha buhoro buhoro, ibihumyo bimwe na bimwe biri mu bidukikije birimo guhinduka kugira ngo bihangane n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Icyo gihe ntibizagorana cyane kwihanganira ubushyuhe bw'umubiri wacu.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bemeza ko C. auris ishobora kuba ari urumogi rwahindutse muri ubu buryo.
Imihindagurikire y'ikirere ntabwo ari yo ituma havuka gusa ibihumyo bishya. Ibihumyo bishaje kandi byo mu gace kamwe biri kwimukira mu duce dushya.
| Indwara z'ibihumyo | Uduce dukunze kuboneka | Uduce dushya twavumbuwe |
|---|---|---|
| Indwara y'ibicurane byo mu kibaya - Ibihumyo bya Coccidioides | Uturere tw'amajyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Amerika | Leta zo mu majyaruguru nka Washington |
| Histoplasmose | Akarere ka Ohio muri Amerika | Leta nka Michigan na Minnesota |
| Blastomycosis | Uturere two mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Amerika | Leta za kure nka Texas na Vermont |
Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abandi?
Iyi ndwara y’ibihumyo ntabwo ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku muntu muzima, ariko ishobora kuba mbi cyane ku bafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri budakomeye .
- Abarwayi bari mu byumba byita ku barwayi barembye cyane
- Abantu bakuze
- Abana bavutse
- Abantu bafite indwara zidakira nka diyabete
- Abarwayi ba kanseri
- Abantu bakorewe inshinge z'umubiri
- Abarwayi bafite ibikoresho nka catheter bifatanye n'umubiri igihe kirekire
Aba bantu bari mu kaga gakomeye.
Ese nta muti mushya uhari kuri ibi?
Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye. Hari imiti mike cyane irwanya udukoko iboneka. Iyi miti ikomeye irwanya ibyo ifite. Gutegura imiti mishya ni igikorwa kigoye cyane, gihenze kandi gitwara igihe.
Ndetse n'ibigo bikora imiti ntibita kuri izi fungi nk'uko bitanga mu gushaka imiti ivura indwara nka kanseri cyangwa indwara ya Alzheimer. Impuguke imwe irabigaragaza muri ubu buryo:
"Ni nko kubungabunga sisitemu y'imyanda yo mu ngo zacu. Kuyibungabunga ni ingenzi cyane. Ariko ntawe ushaka kubikora. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ntawe ushaka gukoresha amafaranga kugira ngo yitegure mbere yuko ibiza biba."
Kubwibyo, bizatwara igihe kugira ngo imiti mishya ijye ku isoko. Kugeza icyo gihe, ikintu cyiza twakora ni ukumenya ibi no gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo hirindwe ikwirakwira ry'ubwandu. Ni ngombwa cyane kwita ku isuku mu bitaro.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- 'Superfungi', cyane cyane Candida auris , ni ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima kidaterwa n'imiti myinshi isanzwe irwanya udukoko.
- Iyi mikorobe ishobora gukwirakwira mu bitaro no mu bigo nderabuzima byoroshye cyane.
- Ingaruka ni nyinshi ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye, abageze mu zabukuru, n'abafite indwara zidakira.
- Imihindagurikire y'ikirere irimo kongera amahirwe yo kugaragara no gukwirakwira kwa bene ibyo bihumyo.
- Ni ingenzi cyane gukurikiza isuku n'amabwiriza y'isuku, haba mu bitaro cyangwa mu rugo.
- Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ubwandu buhoraho butazashira, menya neza ko wabiganiriyeho na muganga wawe .
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