Ese ibidukikije nabyo ni bibi ku mubiri wawe? Reka twige ku ndwara zo mu bidukikije!

Ese ukunda kwitsamura? Ese ufite izuru rizibye, umuhogo urimo gushwanyagurika, amaso atukura kandi afite amazi? Ese rimwe na rimwe ujya ugira izuru rivamo amazi? Niba ibi bintu bikunze kubaho, ushobora kuba ufite imwe muri allergie ziterwa n'ibidukikije tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ntugahangayike, iki ni ikintu abantu benshi bafite. Reka turebere hamwe icyo ari cyo, impamvu kibaho, uburyo bwo kubimenya, n'uburyo bwo kubyirinda.

Izi allergie zo ku bidukikije ni izihe?

Muri make, ubwivumbure bw'ibidukikije ni igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bwitwara nabi ku bintu biri mu bidukikije. Ubusanzwe, ibi bintu - tubyita 'ubwivumbure' - ntabwo ari bibi cyane. Ariko niba ufite ubwivumbure ku kintu runaka, umubiri wawe ubyitwaramo mu buryo bwa ubwivumbure.

Tekereza, ufite umurinzi mu rugo rwawe. Akenshi akingira inzu abajura. Ariko, niba ufite 'allergie', uyu murinzi rimwe na rimwe abona mwene wabo aje iwawe agatekereza ko ari umujura maze agahangayika.

Ni nde ushobora kugira iyi allergie?

Umuntu wese ashobora kugira ubwo burwayi bwo kurengera ibidukikije . Ariko, niba nyoko na so bafite ubwo burwayi, nawe ushobora kubugira. Ibi bivuze ko bushobora guhererekanywa mu bisekuruza.

Ibi birakunze kugaragara cyane. Bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 24 mu gihugu nka Amerika bafite iyi ndwara. Hari abantu benshi bafite ubwo burwayi muri Sri Lanka.

Ni gute iyi allergie igira ingaruka ku mubiri?

Iyo uhuye n'ikintu kigutera allergie bwa mbere, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bukora ubwoko bwihariye bwa antibody yitwa Immunoglobulin E (IgE) . Izi antibody za IgE zigirana n'uturemangingo twa mast mu duce tw'imikaya, uruhu, inzira y'imbere mu mubiri, no mu nzira y'ubuhumekero. Izi cellule zibika imiti nka histamine .

Noneho, ubutaha ubwo allergen yinjiye mu mubiri, uturemangingo twa mast twafatanye na 'IgE' turakora kandi tukarekura histamine n'ibindi binyabutabire biri imbere.

Histamine ni yo iguha ibimenyetso byihuse nko kwitsamura, izuru riva, n'amaso asharira. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu minota mike. Indi miti ishobora gutera ububyimbirwe buhoraho.

Hari igihe habaho ingaruka zitajyanye na IgE. Ni ukuvuga ko umubiri ushobora kugira ingaruka ku bintu bimwe na bimwe bihumanya ikirere (urugero: ibyuka by'irangi, imibavu) nk'ibinyabutabire bihindagurika (VOCs) . Ibi bisa n'ingaruka za IgE, ariko ntibirimo abasirikari ba IgE. Ingero z'ibi zirimo umukungugu n'umwotsi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubwivumbure bw'ibidukikije?

Allergie iterwa n'ibidukikije ishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Kuziba izuru, kumva uremereye
• Gutonyanga kw'izuru nyuma yo kuzuru
• Inkorora
• Kwijima hafi y'amaso (ibishishwa by'ubwivumbure)
• Umunaniro
• Umutwe
• Udukoko tw'imitsi
• Izuru rikurura kandi riva amazi
• Amaso atukura, asharira, kandi afite amazi menshi ( epiphora )
• Kwitsamura
• Kugorwa no guhumeka, guhumeka

Hari igihe izi allergie zishobora no gutera indwara ya asima . Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ibimenyetso byazo.

Ni iki gitera izi allergie zo mu bidukikije?

Ibintu byinshi mu bidukikije bishobora gutera iyi aleriji. Iby'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Impumuro: Utu ni utuntu duto tumeze nk'umukungugu tuva mu biti, ibyatsi n'ibyatsi bibi. Dutwarwa n'umuyaga kandi dukoreshwa mu gutera impumuro ku bimera. Impumuro y'impumuro iba iri hejuru cyane mu gitondo. Nanone, impumuro iba iri hejuru mu minsi y'ubushyuhe n'umuyaga.
• Ibihumyo: Ibi ni ibihumyo bito. Udukoko twabyo tureremba mu kirere. Ibihumyo bikurira ahantu hatose kandi hatarimo umwuka mwiza (urugero, mu bwiherero, mu gikoni, mu byumba byo munsi y'ubutaka). Bishobora no gukurira hanze ahantu nk'ibibabi, mu byatsi, no mu byatsi. Udukoko tw’ibihumyo twiyongera cyane mu minsi y’ubushyuhe n’imvura.
• Udukoko two mu macandwe n'amacandwe: Utu ni utuntu duto (`dander`) duturuka ku ruhu no mu bwoya bw'imbwa yawe cyangwa injangwe yawe. Zimwe muri poroteyine zo mu macandwe yazo zishobora no gutera ubwivumbure.
• Udukoko two mu mukungugu: Utu ni ibiremwa bito bifitanye isano n'udusimba kandi ni duto cyane ku buryo tutabonwa n'amaso. Biba ahantu nka matelas, imisego, ibitanda, tapi, sofa, n'amarido. Birya uturemangingo tw'uruhu twapfuye twe n'amatungo yacu tuvusha. Ntituruma, ariko amase yabyo, inkari, n'ibice by'umubiri byapfuye bishobora gutera allergie iyo ubihumeka.
• Inyenzi: Poroteyine zo mu mwanda, mu macandwe, mu magi no mu bice by'umubiri by'utu dukoko na zo zishobora gutera allergie ku bantu bamwe na bamwe.

Uretse ibi, ibintu bitera ingaruka zitari iz’umubiri ziterwa na IgE ni ibi bikurikira:

• Umwotsi: Umwotsi uwo ari wo wose, nk'umwotsi w'itabi, umwotsi w'imodoka, umwotsi w'amashyiga y'inkwi, n'umwotsi w'imibavu, ntushimisha abantu bamwe na bamwe.
• Umukungugu: Umukungugu usanzwe wo mu rugo urimo ibintu byinshi, birimo uturemangingo tw’uruhu twapfuye, umusatsi, impongo, uduce tw’imyenda, udukoko tw’umukungugu, uduce tw’udukoko, n’ubutaka.

Ese allergie iterwa n'ibidukikije yandura?

Oya. Iyi allergie ntabwo yandura. Ntushobora guha undi muntu allergie ufite.

Ni gute wasuzuma iyi allergie?

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso buri gihe, gana muganga w’indwara ziterwa n’ubwivumbure.Ikintu cyiza ni uguhura. Azakubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite allergie nk'iyi?
• Ese wigeze ufatwa n'indwara y'ubwivumbure (allergies)?
• Ibimenyetso byawe ni ibihe?
• Ese ufata imiti y'ibi bimenyetso (urugero, ibinini byo muri farumasi)?
• Ni ryari ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara?
• Hari inyamaswa ziri mu rugo?
• Ese ukoresha kangahe mu gusukura ibintu nk'amatapi? Ese woza ibitanda byawe?

Nyuma y'ibyo, muganga ashobora gukora ibizamini bimwe na bimwe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini bikorwa?

• Ikizamini cyo gutobora uruhu: Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira urugero ruto rw'ibintu bike bikekwaho ko bishobora gutera ubwivumbure ku ruhu rw'ukuboko kwawe cyangwa umugongo wawe hanyuma ugatera urushinge ruto. Nta kuva amaraso bizongera kubaho, ahubwo hazagaragara gusa ko hari ikintu kigutera ubwivumbure. Nyuma y'iminota 15, niba ufite ubwivumbure ku kintu runaka, ahantu hazaba hatukura hakagaragara agahu gato, nk'uko umubu uruma. Ibi bizakubwira icyo ufite ubwivumbure. Ibi bishobora gukorwa mu gihe kitarenze isaha imwe.
• Ikizamini cy'amaraso (IgE): Ibi bikubiyemo gufata ingano nto y'amaraso yawe, kongeramo ibintu bitandukanye bitera allergie muri laboratwari, no kugenzura urugero rwa IgE yawe. Ibisubizo bishobora gufata icyumweru kugira ngo bigaruke. Hari igihe hari amahirwe make yo kubona ibisubizo bitari byo. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kuba ufite allergie ku kintu utari ufite allergie.

Ni gute wakuraho izi allergie? Cyangwa uzigenzura?

Mu by’ukuri, izi allergie zo mu bidukikije ntizishobora gukira burundu. Ariko ibimenyetso birashobora kugenzurwa no kugabanuka. Kubera iyo mpamvu , imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara zo mu mutwe (antihistamines) ikoreshwa cyane cyane.

Ese imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe (antihistamines) igira ingaruka mbi?

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe:

1. Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu bwoko bwa mbere: Ingero: `Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®)`, `Clemastine (Dayhist®)`, `Hydroxyzine (Atarax®)`.

• Ibi bishobora gutera gusinzira , kuma mu kanwa, isereri, kuribwa umutwe, inkorora, isesemi no kuruka.

2. Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu bwoko bwa kabiri: Ingero: `Fexofenadine (Allegra®)`, `Cetirizine (Zyrtec®)`, `Loratadine (Claritin®)`.

• Ibi bigira ingaruka nke, cyane cyane gusinzira gake. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira uduheri ku ruhu, kuribwa, uduheri, no kubyimba mu maso (angioedema).

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko abantu bafata imiti nka 'Cetirizine' na 'Hydroxyzine' bashobora kugira imihangayiko no kwiheba cyane. Ariko, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kuri ibi.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo wumve umeze neza nyuma yo gukoresha umuti?

Antihistamine isanzwe itangira gukora mu minota 30 uyifashe, kandi ikora neza mu masaha make ya mbere.

Hari igihe muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira gufata umuti urwanya indwara ya antihistamine buri munsi, utiriwe utegereza ko ibimenyetso bigaragara.

Wakora iki niba ufite allergie ku bidukikije?

Nubwo ibi bidashobora gukira burundu, ibimenyetso bishobora kugenzurwa neza no kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure no gufata imiti nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse .

Ni gute wakwirinda izi allergie?

Indabyo zo mu mazuru, nka Fluticasone spray (Flonase®), zifatwa nk'izifite akamaro kanini mu gukumira ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure buri hagati kugeza ku bikomeye (kuzura izuru, izuru riva, umuvuduko wa sinus). Zigabanya ububyimbirwe mu mazuru. Ushobora gukoresha izi ndabyo buri munsi. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira amazuru asharira kandi asohoka. Abantu barengeje imyaka 65 bagomba kuvugana na muganga mbere yo kuzikoresha, kuko kuzikoresha igihe kirekire bishobora kongera umuvuduko mu maso (glaucoma).

Niba ufite aleriji yoroheje, gufata imiti yo mu bwoko bwa kabiri bwa antihistamine buri munsi bishobora kuba amahitamo meza.

Byongeye kandi, ushobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure ukora ibi bikurikira:

Mu rugo:

• Guma ufunze amadirishya kandi ukoreshe icyuma gikonjesha (AC) niba bishoboka. Iyo amadirishya afunguye, impongo zinjira mu nzu. Ntugashyire umufana iruhande rw'idirishya, kuko bishobora kwinjiza ivumbi n'inkoko imbere.
• Kuyungurura umwuka uri mu nzu yawe. Ushobora kuyungurura impongo ushyira ikintu nk'igitambaro cya cheese ku mwobo w'amazi. Niba ufite akayunguruzo ka HEPA , ni byiza ko na ko ukoresha. Hindura akayunguruzo buri gihe.
• Gabanya ubushuhe mu rugo rwawe. Kugumana ubushuhe munsi ya 50% bizagabanya gukura kw'ibihumyo n'ubwandu bw'udukoko mu ivumbi.
• Irinde ahantu hashobora kumera ibihumyo. Ahantu nko mu mazu yo munsi y'ubutaka, muri za gareji, n'ahantu hafite amababi. Sukura aha hantu buri gihe niba bishoboka.
• Koza kandi usukure amatungo buri gihe. Ntukayazane mu cyumba cyo kuraramo, mu buriri, cyangwa mu sofa.
• Irinde udukoko tw’umukungugu. Shyira udupfundikizo twa microfiber ku misego na matelas. Karaba ibitanda rimwe mu cyumweru mu mazi ashyushye (hafi dogere selisiyusi 54). Irinde imifariso yuzuye amababa n’ibikoresho byo mu nzu birimo imyenda myinshi. Ibikoresho nk’uruhu na vinyl ni byiza kuko bigora ko udukoko tw’umukungugu twinjiramo.
• Sukura amatapi n'amatapi buri gihe. Nibura kabiri mu cyumweru. Ambara agapfukamunwa mugihe usukura. Niba bishoboka, simbuza amatapi amatapi, ibiti, cyangwa linoleum. Niba ufite amatapi, sukura kandi uyakaraba buri gihe.
• Ntukanywe itabi mu nzu. Koresha ibintu nk'itabi n'imibavu hanze.

Hanze:

• Guma ufunze amadirishya igihe utwaye imodoka. Fungura AC hanyuma ukomeze kuzenguruka .
• Reba umubare w'intanga mbere yo kujya hanze.Niba bishoboka, guma mu nzu mu minsi ishyushye, yumye kandi irangwa n'umuyaga. Gabanya guhura n'intanga hagati ya saa kumi n'imwe za mu gitondo na saa yine za mu gitondo, igihe umubare w'intanga uba uri hejuru cyane.
• Ambara agapfukamunwa. Ambara agapfukamunwa mu gihe utema imirima, ukuraho amababi, cyangwa ukoresha ibintu nk'ibyatsi n'ifumbire.
• Fata ubwiherero ubwo ugarutse uvuye hanze. Oza umusatsi wawe kandi uhindure imyenda. Ibi bizakuraho impongo ku mubiri wawe no ku myenda yawe.
• Koresha icyuma cyumutsa imyenda mu gihe wumisha imyenda. Ntukamanike imyenda hanze. Ibi bishobora gufata impongo n'ibihumyo mu myenda.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ukunze kugira ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure, cyane cyane niba bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

• Wamenya ute neza niba mfite allergie ku bidukikije?
• Ni ibihe bintu mfite ubwivumbure?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imiti ya allergie utanga inama?
• Ingaruka mbi z'iyo miti ni izihe?
• Ese ngomba gufata umuti buri munsi, cyangwa igihe ibimenyetso bigaragaye gusa?
• Ese nshobora gusohoka?
• Ese hari ibimera bitameze neza mu busitani bwanjye cyangwa mu nzu yanjye?
• Namenya nte niba mfite ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure, cyangwa ibimenyetso nk'ibicurane cyangwa ibicurane?

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’ubwivumbure bw’ibidukikije n’ubwivumbure bw’ibiribwa?

Allergie ku bidukikije ni uburyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe butera ibintu biri mu bidukikije.

Allergie y'ibiribwa ni uburyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buterwa na poroteyine ziri mu biribwa bimwe na bimwe. Allergie ikunze kugaragara mu biribwa irimo amata, amagi n'ubunyobwa.

Allergie zo mu bidukikije zibaho iyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bwibeshye ku kintu runaka kiri mu bidukikije. Iki gisubizo gishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kuziba izuru, amaso abira, izuru riva, n'umunaniro. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, gana muganga. Ashobora gukora ibizamini kugira ngo amenye icyo urwaye allergie. Bashobora kandi kukwandikira imiti igufasha kwirinda ibimenyetso by'allergie.

Incamake (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho rero ubu usobanukiwe neza indwara ziterwa n’ibidukikije twavuganye uyu munsi. Wibuke ko iki ari ikintu abantu benshi bafite, bityo nta kintu cyo kugira isoni cyangwa ubwoba.

• Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya neza icyo urwaye ubwivumbure. Shaka inama kwa muganga kuri ibyo.
• Gerageza kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure uko bishoboka kose. Komeza isuku mu rugo rwawe kandi witondere iyo ugiye hanze.
• Koresha umuti wanditswe na muganga neza.
• Ntukirengagize ibimenyetso. Niba bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe, shaka ubufasha bwihuse.

Ukurikije izi ntambwe, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza, nubwo waba ufite ubwivumbure ku bidukikije. Niba ufite ikindi kibazo, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga.

` Allergie zo mu bidukikije, allergie, kwitsamura, kuziba izuru, uruhu rusharira, impongo, udukoko two mu mukungugu, imiti irwanya uburibwe