Hari igihe, nyuma yo kurya ikintu runaka, twumva tudasanzwe cyangwa tukumva tutameze neza, si byo se? Kubabara mu nda, kumva urimo gushyuha , cyangwa ikindi kintu. Hanyuma duhita twibwira tuti "Oh, sinkunda ibi biribwa." Abantu benshi batekereza ko ibi ari 'allergie y'ibiryo'. Ariko se buri gihe ni allergie? Bishobora kandi kuba indi ndwara yitwa 'kudashobora kurya neza.' Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibyo byombi.
Ese ubwivumbure bw'ibiribwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibiribwa ni ibintu bitandukanye?
Yego, ibi ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye rwose. Nubwo abantu benshi bavangavanga ibi byombi, uburyo bibaho n'uko bigira ingaruka ku mubiri biratandukanye cyane.
Muri make, allergie y'ibiribwa ni igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bureba ibiryo bisanzwe bitagize ingaruka mbi maze bugatekereza buti “Uyu ni umwanzi!” maze bugatangira kubirwanya. Ibyo bivuze ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bukora cyane mu buryo budakwiriye.
Ariko kutaryoherwa n'ibiryo ntaho bihuriye n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri . Icyaba gihari ni uko ubudahangarwa bw'igogora budashobora gusya neza ibyo biryo.
Urugero rwiza ni allergie y'amata no kwihanganira lactose. Mu gihe cy'allergie y'amata, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugira ingaruka kuri poroteyine zo mu mata. Mu gihe cy'allergie y'amata, umubiri ntuba ugifite enzyme (lactase) ikenewe kugira ngo igogore isukari ya lactose iri mu mata. Urabyumva itandukaniro?
Niba ababyeyi bawe bombi bafite allergie (nk'ibiryo, ivumbi, asima), nawe ushobora kugira allergie y'ibiryo.
Ni gute indwara yo kurwara ubwivumbure itera imbere mu mubiri?
Iyi gahunda iragoye gato, ariko reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye. Tekereza ko hafi ya buri ngingo mu mubiri wacu, cyane cyane mu mazuru, mu muhogo, mu bihaha, mu ruhu no mu nzira y'igogora, hari ubwoko bw'ingirabuzimafatizo zitwa ' mast cells'.
1. Guhura bwa mbere: Iyo urya ibiryo ufite ubwivumbure bwa mbere , umubiri wawe umenya ubwivumbure buri muri ibyo biryo kandi ugakora uturemangingo twinshi twihariye twitwa IgE (Immunoglobulin E) . Iyi IgE iragenda ifata hejuru y'utwo turemangingo. Muri iki gihe, nta bimenyetso ugaragaza. Ariko noneho umubiri wawe uba witeguye kugira icyo ukora ubutaha.
2. Guhura bwa kabiri: Noneho, iyo uriye ibiryo bimwe ku nshuro ya kabiri , allergie iri mu biryo ihura na IgE iba ifashe ku turemangingo twa mast. Muri ako kanya, utwo turemangingo 'turaturika', tukarekuraIbinyabutabire byinshi nka histamine birarekurwa.
Iyi miti ni yo itera ibimenyetso bitandukanye by’ubwivumbure nko kuribwa, kubyimba, guhumeka bigoranye, no kubabara mu nda. Ibiryo bitangira kuribwa ukimara kubishyira mu kanwa, hanyuma kuruka no kubabara mu nda iyo bigeze mu nda yawe, kandi nyuma yuko ibintu bitera ubwivumbure byinjijwe mu maraso yawe, umuvuduko w’amaraso wawe ushobora kugabanuka. Ibi byose bibaho mu gihe gito, kuva ku minota mike kugeza ku isaha imwe .
Ni ibihe bintu bikunze kugaragara ku barwayi ba ALLERIC mu biribwa?
Ibiryo bikunze gutera allergie ku bantu bakuru n'abana biratandukanye gato.
| Icyiciro | Ibiryo bikunze kugira allergie |
|---|---|
| Abantu bakuru |
|
| Abana |
|
Inkuru nziza ni uko aleriji ku mata, amagi na soya abana bakura ishobora kugabanuka uko bagenda bakura. Ariko, aleriji ku bunyobwa, amafi n'isambaza akenshi ni ubuzima bwabo bwose.
Ese koko ibi ni allergie, cyangwa hari ikindi kintu?
Hari igihe dutekereza ko ari allergie y'ibiryo, ariko impamvu ishobora kuba ikindi kintu. Iyo ugiye kwa muganga ukamubwira uti "Mfite allergie y'ibiryo," nawe azakeka ibi bintu.
| Kutumvikana nabi | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Uburozi bw'ibiryo | Indwara ibaho iyo uriye ibiryo byanduye bagiteri cyangwa mikorobe. Iyo abantu bose bariye ibiryo bagira ingaruka zimwe, bishobora kuba ari uburozi bw'ibiryo aho kuba allergie. |
| Uburozi bwa Histamine | Amafi nka tuna na mackerel, ndetse n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa foromaje, ashobora kongera urugero rwa histamine iyo adashyizwe muri firigo neza. Kurya ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'ubwivumbure. |
| Inyongeramusaruro ku biribwa | Hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka ku bintu nka sulfite, MSG, n'andi mabara y'ubukorano. Ibi si allergie. |
| Kutabasha kwihanganira Lactose | Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, kudashobora kwihanganira lactose ni ukudashobora gusya isukari iboneka mu mata no mu bikomoka ku mata. Ibimenyetso birimo kubyimba, kubabara mu gifu no gucibwamo. |
| Izindi ndwara | Ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gifu no kuruka bishobora no kugaragara nyuma yo kurya mu gihe umuntu afite ibisebe byo mu gifu cyangwa kanseri yo mu muhogo. |
Ni gute wamenya neza allergie y'ibiryo?
Niba ukeka ko ufite ubwivumbure mu biribwa, ntugatekereze gusa; jya kwa muganga . Muganga azakurikiza izi ntambwe kugira ngo amenye niba hari ikibazo.
1. Kubaza ibibazo no kwandika amateka y'ubuzima
Muganga azakubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:
- Nyuma y'igihe kingana iki ibimenyetso byagaragaye nyuma yo kurya?
- Hari undi muntu wasangiraga nawe wagize ikibazo?
- Wariye ibingana iki mbere yuko habaho icyo kibazo?
- Ibiryo byategurwaga bite (bibisi cyangwa byatetse)?
- Hari ikindi kintu wariye icyo gihe?
2. Agatabo k'ibiribwa
Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kwandika ibyo urya byose umunsi wose hamwe n'ingaruka zose ugira. Ibi bishobora kugufasha kubona imiterere.
3. Ibizamini
Niba muganga wawe akeka ko hari ubwivumbure bw'ibiryo runaka bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka yawe, ashobora gukora ibizamini nk'ibi.
- Ikizamini cyo gutonyanga uruhu: Igitonyanga cy'ibiryo bikekwa gishyirwa ku ruhu rw'ukuboko kwawe hanyuma hagakorwa agatonyanga gato mu ruhu. Iyo agace gahindutse umutuku kakabyimba mu minota 15-20, ni igisubizo cyiza.
- Ibizamini by'amaraso: Ibizamini nka RAST cyangwa ELISA bipima abasirikari b'umubiri ba IgE mu maraso yawe ugereranije n'ibiribwa runaka.
- Ikizamini cy'Ibiryo: Ubu buryo ni bwo bwiza cyane . Ariko, bugomba gukorerwa mu bitaro gusa uyobowe na muganga . Muri iki kizamini, uhabwa ingano nto y'ibiryo bike bikekwaho, ukongera buhoro buhoro.
Icy'ingenzi: Nubwo ibizamini bimwe na bimwe (ibizamini by'uruhu, ibizamini by'amaraso) byagaragaza ko ari byiza, ushobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure nyuma yo kurya ibyo biryo. Kubwibyo, muganga azasuzuma gusa agereranyije ibisubizo by'ibizamini n'ibimenyetso byawe.
Nigute nayivura? Nkore iki?
Uburyo bw'ingenzi kandi bwiza bwo kuvura indwara y'ibiryo ni ukwirinda.
- Kwirinda ibiryo: Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukwirinda burundu ibiryo bitera allergie. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ndetse no nyuma yo kurya 1/44,000 cy'ubunyobwa.
- Soma ibyapa: Gira akamenyero ko gusoma witonze urutonde rw'ibikoresho biri kuri buri paki y'ibiribwa uguze mu iduka. Hari igihe, ibi bintu bishobora kwihisha mu biribwa tutatekerezaho.
- Itegure ikibazo cyihutirwa (Anaphylaxis): Allergie zimwe na zimwe mu biribwa zishobora gutera indwara ikomeye kandi ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga yitwa anaphylaxis . Niba ufite amateka y'ibi,
- Muganga wawe azakwandikira umuti winjiza epinephrine (urugero: EpiPen). Ugomba kuwugumana igihe cyose.
- Ntugatinye kuyikoresha nubwo waba wumva utangiye kugira ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure. Bishobora kurokora ubuzima bwawe.
- Nyuma yo guterwa urushinge, ugomba guhita ujya mu Ishami ryita ku Butabazi bw’Ibanze (ETU) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe .
- Imiti: Imiti nka antihistamines ishobora kurwanya ibimenyetso byoroheje nko kurwara imisonga no kwishimagura. Ariko, ntabwo ishobora guhagarika allergie.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kurwara indwara zo mu biryo (zifitanye isano n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri) no kurwara indwara zo mu biryo (zifitanye isano n’igogora) ni indwara ebyiri.
- Niba ukeka ko ibiryo bikubangamiye, ntukabitekerezeho, ahubwo jya kwa muganga kandi umenye neza indwara.
- Niba ugize ikibazo gikomeye cyo kurwara indwara ya anaphylaxis, buri gihe ujye witwaza epinephrine auto-injection wahawe na muganga wawe kandi umenye uko uyikoresha.
- Soma witonze ibyapa by'ibiribwa iyo uguze ibiryo mu iduka. Allergens zishobora kwihisha mu biribwa ushobora kuba utabyiteze.
- Ntugashukwe n'uburyo butari ubwa siyansi kandi budafite ishingiro bwo "gupima aleriji". Buri gihe kurikiza inama z'umuganga w'umuhanga.
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