Ese nawe ufite indwara y'ibihumyo? (Infections za fungal / Mycosis) Reka tumenye neza ibi!

Ese wigeze ubona akantu gato gatukura ku ruhu rwawe, ikintu nk'uduheri, ushobora kubyimba, cyangwa inzara zihinduka ibara mu buryo butunguranye zikaba nini? Wenda ufite ibara ry'umweru mu kanwa kawe. Ibi ni ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara y'ibihumyo, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, "Mycosis", tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho birambuye.

Ibihumyo ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ibihumyo ni itsinda ry'ibinyabuzima bitari ibimera cyangwa inyamaswa. Tekereza ku bintu nk'ibihumyo n'umusemburo. Bibaho mu buryo busanzwe mu bidukikije no mu mibiri yacu, urugero nko mu kanwa kacu, mu nzira z'igifu, no mu ruhu. Ariko, hari igihe ibibazo bivuka iyo bikuze cyane. Ibi bihumyo bikwirakwira binyuze mu kurekura ibice byabyo bito bisa n'imbuto, twita "spores", mu bidukikije. Nubwo hari ubwoko bwa za miriyoni z'ibihumyo ku isi, bike cyane bitera indwara mu bantu.

Indwara y'ibihumyo igaragara ite inyuma?

Iyo ufite indwara y'ibihumyo ku ruhu rwawe, ishobora gutukura, ikabyimba, ikamera nk'uduheri duto . Hari igihe ishobora no kumera nk'ibisebe. Tekereza nawe, hari igihe urwara uruhu rutukura, rushyuha hagati y'amano yawe cyangwa mu gice cy'imitsi, si byo? Birashoboka cyane ko ari indwara y'ibihumyo. Niba ufite indwara y'inzara, inzara zawe zishobora guhinduka umuhondo, umukara, cyangwa umweru, zigakomera, kandi zikavunika byoroshye . Niba ufite indwara mu kanwa cyangwa mu muhogo, ushobora kubona uduce tw'umweru cyangwa utudomo mu kanwa kawe .

Ni nde ushobora kwandura indwara z'ibihumyo kurusha abandi?

Mu by’ukuri, umuntu wese ashobora kwandura indwara y’ibihumyo, cyane cyane ku ruhu no ku nzara. Zikunze kugaragara ahantu hari ubushuhe bwinshi kandi uruhu rugakorakora (urugero, mu kwaha, mu kibuno, munsi y’amabere). Ariko, hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi, cyane cyane ku ndwara zikomeye:

• Niba ufite ibibazo by'imiyoboro y'amaraso (urugero: amaraso adatembera neza mu maguru).
• Niba urwaye Diyabete Mellitus .
• Niba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bufite intege nke , bishobora guterwa n'ibi bikurikira:
• `(Ufite agakoko gatera SIDA)`.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri cyangwa kanseri (urugero: chemotherapy, radiotherapy).
• Niba ufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (urugero: imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ku ndwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri, cyangwa nyuma yo guterwa ingingo cyangwa guterwa uturemangingo tw'umubiri).

Ese indwara y'ibihumyo ishobora kuba ikomeye?

Akenshi, indwara zikunze kugaragara ku ruhu cyangwa ku nzara si mbi cyane . Ariko, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, niba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bufite intege nke, zimwe mu ndwara zishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye . Kubwibyo, si byiza kwirengagiza n'imwe ntoya.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara z'ibihumyo zihari?

Twagabanya ubwandu bw'ibihumyo mu moko atatu y'ingenzi, ni ukuvuga bitewe n'aho ubwandu buherereye:

1. Indwara zifata uruhu, inzara, cyangwa uturemangingo tw'imitsi (urugero: mu kanwa, mu muhogo, mu gitsina) (`Indwara zifata imitsi` cyangwa` indwara zifata imitsi`)

2. Indwara zo munsi y'uruhu (`Indwara zo mu bwoko bwa fungal`)

3. Indwara mu ngingo z'imbere z'umubiri (urugero: ibihaha, ubwonko, umutima) (`Indwara z'ibihumyo byimbitse`)

Noneho reka turebe buri bwoko muri ubu buryo mu buryo burambuye.

1. Kwandura ibihumyo mu buryo bugaragara

Izi ni zo ndwara zikunze kugaragara cyane mu mikurire.

• Indwara y'ibicurane (dermatophytosis): Iyi si inzoka mu by'ukuri, ahubwo ni inzoka. Iyi nyoni iba ku turemangingo tw'uruhu, umusatsi, n'inzara. Ishobora kugaragara ku birenge byawe (`(tinea pedis)` cyangwa `(ikirenge cy'umukinnyi)`), mu kibuno cyawe no mu matako yawe y'imbere (`(tinea cruris)` cyangwa `(itch jock)`), mu mutwe wawe (`(tinea capitis)`), mu biganza byawe (`(tinea manuum)`), ubwanwa bwawe n'uruhu rubukikije (`(tinea barbae)`), n'ahandi hose ku mubiri wawe (`(tinea corporis)`). Tekereza nawe, ese iyi ndwara ntikunze kwitwa `ikirenge cy'umukinnyi` rimwe na rimwe? Nanone, hari abantu bagira uduheri dutukura mu kibuno, dushobora kuba `(itch jock)`.
• Indwara zo mu nzara (Onychomycosis): Izi ndwara zishobora kurwara inzara cyangwa inzara z'ibirenge, ziterwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihumyo. Inzara zihinduka ibara, zikagira ubunini, kandi zigacika intege .
• Ubwandu bwa Candida (Candidiasis): Ubwoko bw'umusemburo witwa "Candida", cyane cyane ubwoko bwa "Candida albicans", busanzwe buba mu mibiri yacu nta kibazo, ariko rimwe na rimwe bushobora gukura cyane bigatuma indwara ziterwa n'ubwandu. Ingero:
• Uduce tw'umweru mu kanwa (thrush yo mu kanwa). Ushobora kuba uzi ko ibi bibaho ku bana bato.
• Ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa `(uduheri two mu matwi)`.
• Indwara z'umusemburo mu gitsina (indwara z'umusemburo mu gitsina cyangwa vulvovaginitis).
• Indwara za Candida zo mu muhogo (`(candidiasis yo mu muhogo)`).
• Indwara za Candida (`(candidal intertrigo)`) zigaragara mu ruhu no mu bice by'ibyuya.
• Tinea versicolor / pityriasis versicolor: Indwara iterwa n'uduhumyo twitwa `(Malassezia)` dutuma uruhu ruhinduka ibara n'uduheri. Hari abantu bagira utu duheri tw'umweru, abandi bakamera nk'umukara.

2. Indwara z'ibihumyo zo munsi y'uruhu

Ibi bibaho iyo ibihumyo byinjiye mu mubiri binyuze mu gisebe cy'uruhu cyangwa igikomere. Urugero, bishobora kuba nk'igisebe cy'amahwa mu gihe cyo guhinga. Ibi bishobora gutera uduheri ku ruhu, ibisebe, n'ibindi bimenyetso. Izi ndwara zikunze kugaragara cyane mu turere dushyuha n'utwo muri Afurika.

Ingero:

• Sporotrichosis (indwara y'abahinzi b'indabyo): Iterwa n'udukoko `(Sporothrix).` Ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bihaha cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri.
• Chromoblastomycosis:Ishobora guterwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihumyo. Ibi bitera indwara z'uruhu zimara igihe kirekire (zidakira). Ni gake cyane, zishobora gukwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri.
• Eumycetoma: Iterwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibihumyo. Ikunze kwibasira ibirenge.

3. Indwara z'ibihumyo zigaragara mu ngingo z'imbere z'umubiri (`Indwara z'ibihumyo zimbitse`)

Izi ni indwara zitaba ku ruhu, ahubwo ziba mu mubiri, ahantu nko mu bihaha, mu maraso, mu nzira z'inkari no mu bwonko. Zimwe muri zo zitwa kandi "indwara z'amahirwe." Ibi bivuze ko akenshi zidatera indwara, ariko zishobora kwanduza umuntu ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye.

Ingero:

• Histoplasmose: Indwara y'ibihumyo yitwa Histoplasma ishobora kwanduza ibihaha, ubwonko, cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri.
• Coccidioidomycosis (umuriro wo mu kibaya): Indwara y'ibihumyo yitwa Coccidioides ishobora kwanduza ibihaha, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, n'izindi ngingo z'umubiri.
• Blastomycosis: Indwara y'ibihumyo `(Blastomyces)` ifata amagufwa, uruhu, n'ibihaha. Ni gake cyane, ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bwonko no ku ruti rw'umugongo.
• Aspergillosis: Ubwoko bw'ibihumyo byitwa Aspergillus bishobora gutera indwara zitandukanye zo mu bihaha, nka aspergillosis ya bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) na aspergillosis idakira yo mu bihaha. Bishobora kandi kwanduza ibindi bice by'umubiri cyangwa bigatuma habaho fungus (aspergilloma) mu bihaha.
• Indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari: Indwara nyinshi zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTI) ziterwa na bagiteri, ariko zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n'umusemburo nka Candida.
• Indwara ya candidiasis: Iyi ndwara iterwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa Candida. Ishobora kwanduza umutima, amaraso (candidemia), ubwonko, amaso (endophthalmitis), amagufwa, cyangwa ibindi bice by'umubiri.
• Umusonga w'umusonga (PJP): Iyi ndwara y'umusonga iterwa n'udukoko twitwa `(Pneumocystis jirovecii)` dufata ibihaha.
• Mucormycosis: Ibi biterwa n'itsinda ry'ibihumyo byitwa mucormycetes. Ibi bishobora kwanduza sinuses no mu bwonko (rhinocerebral mucormycosis), ibihaha (pulmonary mucormycosis), inzira y'igifu (gastrointestinal mucormycosis), n'uruhu (cutaneous mucormycosis). Hari igihe bishobora gukwirakwira mu bice byinshi by'umubiri icyarimwe (disseminated mucormycosis).
• Cryptococcosis: Ibi biterwa n'udukoko `(Cryptococcus neoformans)` na `(Cryptococcus gattii)`. Nubwo akenshi yandura ibihaha, rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko no ku ruti rw'umugongo, bigatera `(cryptococcal meningitis).`

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara z'ibihumyo?

Ibimenyetso by'indwara z'ibihumyo biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko n'aho indwara yanduriye.Biratandukanye. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni iby'uruhu, inzara, umunwa, umuhogo, cyangwa igitsina gore. Hari igihe ibimenyetso by'ubwandu mu bihaha, ubwonko, amaso, amara, cyangwa impyiko nabyo bishobora kubaho.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara ku ruhu cyangwa munsi y'uruhu:

• Kuryarya, kubabara, gutukura, cyangwa kugaragara ibibyimba mu gace kafashwe n'indwara.
• Guhinduka ibara, ububyimba, cyangwa kuvunika kw'inzara.
• Kubabara iyo urya, kubura uburyohe, cyangwa uduce tw'umweru mu kanwa/mu muhogo .
• Ikibyimba kidakomeretsa munsi y'uruhu.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara z'ibihumyo mu bihaha:

• Inkorora, wenda hamwe n'ibisebe n'amaraso.
• Kumva unaniwe, unaniwe (`(Umunaniro)`).
• Umuriro.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Kubabara imitsi.
• Kubabara ingingo.
• Umutwe.
• Kubira ibyuya nijoro.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara z'ibihumyo mu bindi bice by'umubiri:

• Indwara zo mu bwonko: kuribwa umutwe, umuriro, kubabara mu ijosi, isesemi/kuruka, kumva urumuri, urujijo.
• Indwara z'amaso: kubabara mu maso, gutukura, kuva amaraso mu maso, kutabona neza, gucikagurika, kumva urumuri.
• Indwara zo mu mara: kubabara mu nda, isesemi, kuruka.
• Indwara za sinuses: umuriro, izuru rizibye, kuribwa umutwe, kubyimba uruhande rumwe rw'isura, ububabare bwo mu maso.

Ni iki gitera kwandura ibihumyo?

Imisemburo, ibihumyo, n'ibindi bihumyo ni byo bitera izi ndwara. Inyinshi muri zo ntizitera abantu indwara, ariko zimwe zirarwara. Izindi ndwara, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, ni "iz'amahirwe". Ni ukuvuga ko akenshi nta kibazo zitera, ariko zikoresha mu bihe runaka, nko mu gihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bucitse intege, kugira ngo zitere indwara.

Amwe mu moko asanzwe y'ibihumyo bitera indwara:

• Dermatophyte: Izi ni itsinda ry'ibihumyo bishingiye ku kintu cyitwa "keratin" kiboneka mu musatsi, inzara, no mu gice cyo hanze cy'uruhu. Ntibyanduza ingirabuzimafatizo.
• Candida: Candida albicans ni ubwoko bw'umusemburo uba mu mibiri yacu mu buryo busanzwe nta kibazo giteye. Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ishobora gukura cyane igatera uburyaryate, gutukura, n'ibindi bimenyetso. Ni gake cyane ishobora gutera indwara zikomeye.
• Ibihumyo bidukikije biba mu butaka cyangwa mu mazi: Ingero zirimo `(Histoplasma)`, `(Coccidioides)`, `(Blastomyces)` na `(Aspergillus)`.

Izi ndwara z'ibihumyo zikwirakwira gute?

Hari uburyo bwinshi busanzwe indwara z’ibihumyo zikwirakwiramo:

• Kuva ahantu hahurira abantu benshi hatose. Urugero, ubwiherero rusange n'ibyumba byo kubakiramo imyenda muri siporo.
• Binyuze mu gisebe cyangwa mu gisebe ku ruhu.
• Mu guhumeka ibihumyo biva mu bidukikije (urugero: ubutaka, umukungugu).
• Bitewe no gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge.Kubera ko iyo imiti yica udukoko twiza mu mibiri yacu, hari udukoko dushobora kwiyongera cyane.
• Hari ubwandu bwa dermatophyte bushobora kwandurira mu gukorana n'umuntu cyangwa inyamaswa yanduye.

Ese indwara z'ibihumyo zandura?

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu bwoko bwa fungus, nka ringworm, zishobora kwanduzwa n'umuntu ku wundi binyuze mu gukoranaho mu buryo butaziguye . Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko indwara za Pneumocystis jirovecii zishobora kwanduzwa n'umuntu ku wundi. Ariko, indwara zimbitse, nk'iziterwa n'ibihumyo zihumekwa mu bihaha bivuye mu bidukikije, akenshi ntizanduzwa.

Ni gute wamenya indwara y'ibihumyo?

Uburyo muganga wawe asuzuma indwara y'ibihumyo biterwa n'aho iri mu mubiri wawe. Ashobora gushaka ibimenyetso by'ibihumyo kuri ibi bintu, cyangwa akagerageza "gutera" ibihumyo:

• Ingero zafashwe ku ruhu cyangwa ku zindi ngingo zangiritse.
• Igice cy'umusumari (`gukata inzara`).
• Ingero y'amaraso.
• Urugero rw'amata.
• Amazi akikije ubwonko n'umugongo (`amazi ya CNS`).
• Urugero rw'inkari.
• Imitobe y'amaso.
• Amasohoro yo mu gitsina.

Niba umuganga wawe atekereza ko ufite indwara y’ibihumyo mu bihaha byawe, mu bwonko, cyangwa mu zindi ngingo z’imbere, ashobora no gutumiza X-rays, MRI, cyangwa CT scans kugira ngo arebe ibimenyetso by’indwara.

Indwara z'ibihumyo zivurwa zite?

Indwara nyinshi z'ibihumyo zishobora kuvurwa n'imiti irwanya imyuka . Iyi miti yica ibihumyo imbere no hanze y'umubiri wawe. Ubwoko bw'imiti muganga aguha buratandukanye bitewe n'aho ibihumyo biherereye.

Nubwo hari uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora kugurwa ukoresheje imiti igurishwa na muganga (OTC) nta muganga wanditse, ni byiza kugisha inama muganga mbere yo kuvura indwara z'ibihumyo.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura?

Kugira ngo uvure indwara y’ibihumyo, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha imiti irwanya udukoko nk’iyi:

• Imiti inyobwa.
• Imiti ikoreshwa mu mitsi (`imiti ya IV`). Iyi itangwa mu buryo butaziguye mu mitsi mu biro bya muganga cyangwa mu bitaro.
• Amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa ifu.
• Koza mu kanwa cyangwa utubuto two koza mu kanwa.
• Ibitonyanga by'amaso.
• Ubwoko bwa shampoo.

Ni gute wagabanya ibyago byo kwandura ibihumyo?

Kugira ngo wirinde indwara zitandukanye z’ibihumyo, ni ngombwa kugira isuku nziza ku giti cyawe no kwirinda ibihumyo mu bidukikije. Kurikiza izi nama kugira ngo wirinde indwara z’ibihumyo:

• Buri gihe jya wiyuhagira nyuma yo kubira ibyuya cyangwa kwandura.Ntugasige ahantu hatose uruhu.
• Ntukagende nta nkweto mu bwiherero rusange, mu bwogero, cyangwa mu byumba byo kwidagaduriramo imyenda muri siporo.
• Ambara imyenda y'imbere isukuye, yumye kandi ikoze mu ipamba.
• Komeza ugire isuku ku menyo no ku kanwa kawe.
• Niba wambaye indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses), zisukure nk'uko muganga wawe w'amaso yabigutegetse.
• Komeza inzara zawe zibe ngufi kandi zisukuye.
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge igomba gufatwa gusa iyo muganga abigutegetse. Gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge igihe kirekire bishobora gutuma umusemburo ukwirakwira mu mubiri bigatera indwara.
• Ntugasangire ibikoresho bya siporo, amasume, cyangwa ibindi bintu byawe bwite n'abandi.
• Mu gihe ukoresha ubutaka, ambara imyenda irinda umubiri nko uturindantoki, inkweto, amapantaro maremare, n'amashati y'amaboko maremare . Niba uri ahantu hakunze kugaragara ibihumyo byangiza mu bidukikije, ambara agapfukamunwa ka N95 kugira ngo wirinde guhumeka umwuka.
• Niba utuye ahantu hari ibihumyo byangiza mu butaka, ambara agapfukamunwa mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi, cyangwa ugume mu nzu ufunze amadirishya.

Bigenda bite iyo habayeho indwara y'ibihumyo?

Icyo ushobora kwitega mu gihe ufite indwara y’ibihumyo biterwa n’uko ufite izindi ndwara zibitera, n’aho indwara iri mu mubiri wawe. Indwara z’ibihumyo zo mu musatsi, uruhu, n’inzara akenshi si mbi cyane , ariko zishobora gufata igihe kugira ngo zikemuke burundu hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuzivura. Indwara z’ibihumyo zo mu bihaha cyangwa izindi ngingo z’imbere zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, cyane cyane iyo ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwawe bufite intege nke.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara y'ibihumyo, cyane cyane mu bihaha cyangwa izindi ngingo z'imbere, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Niba urimo kuvura indwara y'ibihumyo, ntukibagirwe kongera kubonana na muganga wawe niba idashize.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

• Ni iki cyateye iyi ndwara? Nkwiye gukora iki kugira ngo mbyirinde mu gihe kizaza?
• Nakwirinda nte ko iyi ndwara idakwirakwira mu bandi?
• Nzongera kubonana ryari?
• Ukoresha uyu muti ute?
• Bizantwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ngire gukira?

Ibintu ukwiye kwibuka muri iyi nkuru (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ibihumyo biri hose. Mu by'ukuri, hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'ibihumyo bubaho mu buryo busanzwe ku mibiri yacu tutiriwe tubitekerezaho. Bityo rero, ntabwo bitangaje ko tuzagira indwara y'ibihumyo mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwacu. Inyinshi muri zo zishobora gukira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuzivura.

Igikuru ni ukuganira na muganga wawe ku buryo wakwirinda niba ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye cyangwa uri mu kaga ko kwandura indwara zikomeye cyangwa iz'igihe kirekire.

Nanone, niba ubonye impinduka zidasanzwe ku ruhu rwawe cyangwa ku nzara zawe, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga utirengagije.

Indwara za ` fungus, mycosis, indwara z'uruhu, inzara, candida, eczema, psoriasis, fungus, mold, umusemburo