Hydrocephalus: Reka twige impamvu, ibimenyetso, n'uburyo bwo kuvura mu buryo bworoshye

Ese utekereza ko umutwe w'umwana wawe uruta gato imyaka ye? Cyangwa hari umuntu wo mu muryango ugeze mu za bukuru watangiye kugorwa no kugenda cyangwa kwibagirwa? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara yitwa hydrocephalus, dukunze kwita 'amazi ku bwonko'. Ntugatinye iyo ubyumvise. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya neza iyi ndwara no gushaka ubuvuzi mu gihe gikwiye. Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi.

Mu magambo make, Hydrocephalus ni iki?

Ubwonko bwacu si ikintu kiri mu gahanga kacu gusa. Burarinzwe kandi bureremba mu mazi yihariye. Tubwita amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) . Kimwe n'ikintu kigabanya ubwoba mu modoka, aya mazi ya CSF arinda ubwonko bwacu kwangirika iyo bunyeganyeze cyangwa bugonze umutwe. Si ibyo gusa, aya mazi anafasha ubwonko kubona intungamubiri zikenewe no gukura imyanda mu bwonko.

Iyi CSF ihora ikorerwa mu mwobo muto (ventricles) uri mu bwonko, igakwirakwira, hanyuma igasubizwa mu mubiri. Tekereza nk'ikigega cy'amazi cyuzuyemo amazi, gitemba mu miyoboro, gikoreshwa, hanyuma andi agakurwamo amazi.

Hydrocephalus ni indwara ituma, bitewe n’ikibazo runaka muri iyi gahunda, amazi ya CSF yirundanya mu byobo biri mu bwonko , bigatera ubwonko umuvuduko utari ngombwa. Nk’uko iyo umuyoboro w’amazi uzibye, amazi yuzura ahantu hamwe agasendera. Uyu muvuduko ushobora kwangiza ingirabuzima fatizo z’ubwonko.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bihinduka uko umuntu akura?

Ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara bishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'imyaka y'umuntu. Reka turebere hamwe uburyo igira ingaruka kuri buri cyiciro cy'imyaka.

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Ni izihe mpamvu nyamukuru zitera indwara ya hydrocephalus?

Hari impamvu eshatu z'ingenzi zibitera:

1. Kuziba: Inzira amazi ya CSF anyuramo ishobora kuziba bitewe na kanseri yo mu bwonko, ikibyimba cyuzuyemo amazi, ubusembwa bw'ivuka, imvune yo mu mutwe, cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi. Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze kugaragara.

2. Kudafata neza: Utwo duce tw'ubwonko dushobora kuba dufite ubushobozi buke bwo kwinjiza amazi ya CSF. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'indwara nka meningite cyangwa kubyimba guterwa n'ibikomere byo mu mutwe.

3. Kubyara amazi menshi cyane: Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ubwonko bukora amazi menshi ya CSF arenze ayo umubiri ushobora kwihanganira. Ibi bishobora kandi kujyana n'indwara zandura.

Isuzuma rikorwa rite?

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mugaragaje ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, hita ubonana na muganga wujuje ibisabwa.Ni ngombwa cyane. Muganga azabanza agupime maze akubaze ibimenyetso byawe. Hanyuma, ashobora gutumiza ibizamini nk'ibi kugira ngo yemeze ko ufite indwara:

• Isuzuma ry'imitsi: Kugenzura uburinganire bwawe, imbaraga z'imitsi, kureba neza, n'imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe.
• Gupima ubwonko:
• Isuzuma rya CT (Isuzuma rya Tomography ryakoreshejwe mu ikoranabuhanga): Urutonde rw'amashusho y'ubwonko ashobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo harebwe niba ubwonko bufite utwobo twinshi cyangwa niba hari aho buziba.
• Gupima MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ibi bifasha kubona amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye y'ubwonko n'inzira za CSF.
• Gutera urushinge mu ruti rw'umugongo/Urushinge rwo mu mugongo: Urushinge ruto rushyirwa mu ruti rw'umugongo kugira ngo rukuremo amazi make ya CSF. Ibi bishobora gutanga igitekerezo cy'umuvuduko uri mu bwonko n'uko hari ubwandu.
• Gukurikirana umuvuduko mu bwonko (ICP): Hari igihe, igikoresho gito gishobora gukenera gushyirwa mu bwonko kugira ngo gipime umuvuduko uri mu bwonko.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura indwara ya hydrocephalus ni ugukuraho amazi menshi yakusanyije mu bwonko no kugabanya umuvuduko ku bwonko.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko iyi ndwara idashobora gukira burundu hakoreshejwe imiti. Ariko ishobora kugenzurwa neza no kubagwa kandi ukabaho ubuzima busanzwe.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura ni ugushyira shunt .

Mu magambo make, shunt ni umuyoboro muto cyane wa pulasitiki ushyirwa munsi y'uruhu. Ikora mu kuyobya amazi ya CSF yiyongera mu bwonko akayajyana mu kindi gice cy'umubiri (akenshi mu nda) aho amazi ashobora kwinjiza byoroshye. Ibi ni nko gukora 'inzira nshya' kugira ngo amazi atembera mu bwonko. Nyuma yo gushyirwaho shunt, uzakenera kujya kwa muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo urebe neza ko ikora neza.

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ubuvuzi bushobora gukorwa nta shunt. Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) ni bumwe mu buryo bwo kubaga. Muri ubu buryo, kamera nto (endoscope) ishyirwa mu bwonko maze hagashyirwaho inzira nshya kugira ngo CSF ​​inyuremo. Muganga wawe ni we uzagena uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Menya neza ingorane zishobora guterwa nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Iyo shunt ishyizwemo, ishobora kuziba cyangwa kwandura. Ibi bibaye, ibimenyetso bya hydrocephalus bizongera kugaragara.

Menya neza ibi bimenyetso:

• Kuribwa umutwe, kuruka
• Kureba impande ebyiri
• Ubutuku n'ububabare mu nzira ya shunt
• Umuriro udafite impamvu
• Gusinzira cyane

Icy'ingenzi cyane: Niba umwana cyangwa umurwayi bigoye kubyuka cyangwa atazi, mujyane mu bitaro byihutirwa (ETU) vuba, kuko ashobora kuba ari muri koma.