Ese nawe uzakenera gukora dialyse? Reka tumenye byose kuri ibi!

Hari igihe umuganga wacu avuga ati: "Imikorere y'impyiko zawe yagabanutseho gato, reka tubikurikirane." Muri ibyo bihe, tukagira ubwoba gato, si byo se? Cyane cyane ikibazo "Ese nzagomba gukora dialyse?" kivuka ahantu runaka mu bitekerezo byacu. Ubu ni ubwoba abantu benshi bafite. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku cyo dialyse ari cyo, abagikeneye, n'uko bikorwa mu buryo bworoshye cyane, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Reka tubanze turebe icyo dialyse ari cyo.

Mu magambo make, dialyse ni igihe impyiko zawe zitagishoboye gukora akazi kazo neza, kandi zikabikora mu buryo bw'ubukorano, haba hifashishijwe imashini cyangwa ubundi buryo. Tekereza muri ubu buryo: impyiko zawe zimeze nk'ibinyabutabire bibiri binini. Ni ingingo zifite ishusho nk'iy'ibishyimbo ziherereye ku mpande zombi z'umugongo wawe, munsi gato y'urubavu rwawe. Akazi kazo nyamukuru ni ukuyungurura amaraso yawe no gukura imyanda n'amazi menshi mu mubiri wawe nk'inkari. Byongeye kandi, impyiko zawe zigenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, zigakomeza amagufwa yawe, zigakomeza urugero rwiza rw'imyunyu ngugu nka potasiyumu na sodiyumu (umunyu) mu maraso yawe, kandi zigatanga imisemburo ifasha mu gukora uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Iyo impyiko zawe zihagaritse gukora neza, uburozi butangira kwiyongera mu mubiri wawe. Icyo gihe dialyse iba uburyo bwo kuvura ubuzima.

Ni nde ukeneye kuvurwa na dialyse?

Iyo indwara y'impyiko ibaye ikomeye, bivuze ko impyiko zawe ziba zifite intege nke cyane ku buryo zitabasha gukurikirana imikorere y'umubiri wawe, ushobora gukenera dialyse cyangwa gusimburwa impyiko. Indwara y'impyiko ishobora guterwa n'indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete , lupus, impanuka zimwe na zimwe, cyangwa se nta mpamvu na mba. Dialyse ikunze gutangira iyo utangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso byo kunanirwa kw'impyiko cyangwa iyo ibizamini by'amaraso bigaragaza ko amaraso yawe afite uburozi bwinshi cyane. Ibimenyetso birimo isesemi , umunaniro, kubyimba no kuruka .Muganga wawe ni we uzagena igihe ugomba gutangira dialyse n'uburyo bukubereye, hashingiwe ku myaka yawe, imbaraga zawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, ibisubizo by'ibipimo by'amaraso, n'uburyo wiyemeje gukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvura.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa dialyse buriho?

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa dialyse. Reka turebere hamwe itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubwo bubiri. Byongeye kandi, hari uburyo bwihariye bwitwa `Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT),` butangwa buhoro buhoro amasaha 24 ku munsi ku barwayi barembye cyane bari mu cyumba cy’indembe (ICU) badashobora kwihanganira dialyse ihoraho.

Birenzeho gato ku bijyanye no gupima amaraso

Muri ubu buryo, imashini ikura amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Ibi bisaba kubagwa gato kugira ngo habeho aho umuntu yinjira munsi y'uruhu rw'ukuboko kwe ashobora guhuzwa n'imiyoboro y'amaraso. Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi bwo kubigeraho.

• Fistula: Ibi bikubiyemo guhuza umutsi n'umutsi mu kuboko kwawe. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza kandi buhoraho. Ariko, bifata ibyumweru bigera kuri 6 kugira ngo ubashe kubukoresha.
• Guteranya imitsi: Ibi bikubiyemo guhuza umutsi n'umutsi hakoreshejwe umuyoboro wa pulasitiki. Ibi bishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 2 gusa. Ariko, ntibimara igihe kirekire nk'icya fistula.
• Katheteri : Niba ukeneye gutangira dialyse vuba, umuyoboro woroshye (catheteri) winjizwa mu mutsi munini uri mu ijosi ryawe, ku kuboko, cyangwa mu nda . Iki ni igisubizo cy'agateganyo.

Mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, mu gihe uryamye ku ntebe, umutekinisiye ashyira inshinge ebyiri muri fistula cyangwa graft iri ku kuboko kwawe. Urushinge rumwe rukura amaraso mu mubiri wawe, rukayasukura binyuze mu mashini, hanyuma urundi rushinge rusubiza amaraso yasukuwe mu mubiri wawe. Ubu buvuzi bumara amasaha agera kuri 3-5 kandi bukorwa inshuro eshatu mu cyumweru.

Ibisobanuro birambuye kuri Dialysis ya Peritoneal (PD)

Ubu buryo buratandukanye gato. Aha, agace gato k'amaraso gafata utwenge tw'inda yawe (peritoneum) gakora nk'akayunguruzo karemano. Hafi ibyumweru 3 mbere y'uko ubuvuzi bwawe butangira, hakorwa igikorwa gito cyo kubaga kugira ngo umuyoboro woroshye (catheter) winjizwe burundu mu nda yawe. Hanyuma, amazi ya dialyse ashyirwa mu nda yawe binyuze muri uyu muyoboro. Aya mazi akora kugira ngo akure imyanda mu maraso yawe mu masaha make. Imyanda ivanwa mu kindi gikapu. Ubu buryo bwitwa "exchange". Ushobora kubikora mu rugo, bityo ntugomba kujya kwa muganga kenshi. Hari uburyo bubiri bwo kubikora:

• Dialysis y’imbere mu nda yikora: Iyi gahunda yo guhererekanya ikorwa nijoro, mu gihe usinziriye, ukoresheje imashini.
• Dialysis y'imbere ihoraho: Ugomba gukora ubu buryo bwo guhererekanya intoki, inshuro nyinshi ku munsi.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi ziterwa no gukoresha dialyse?

Dialysis ntabwo ibabaza. Ariko, ushobora kugira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe mu gihe cyo kuvurwa cyangwa nyuma yaho. Niba ugize ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya. Ingaruka mbi zisanzwe zirimo:

• Uruhu ruryana
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi (cyane cyane ku barwayi ba diyabete)
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira
• Amazi menshi cyane
• Kwandura indwara (cyane cyane aho catheter ishyirwa)
• Ihungabana cyangwa impinduka mu byiyumvo
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kuribwa imitsi
• Umunaniro ukabije

Witondere ibi bintu kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza muri ubu buryo bwo kuvurwa:

• Reba aho ujya buri munsi kugira ngo urebe niba hari umutuku, amabyi cyangwa kubyimba. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi, hamagara muganga wawe vuba.
• Buri gihe igitambaro gipfutse catheter gikomeze gusukura kandi cyumye.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

• Iyo imikorere y'impyiko igabanutse iri munsi ya 10%-15%, ubuvuzi bwa dialyse bushobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo imyanda ivanwe mu mubiri.
• Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa dialyse: hemodialysis na dialyse ya peritoneal. Vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo agufashe guhitamo uburyo bukubereye.
• Kuvura dialysis ntabwo bibabaza, ariko hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho. Bwira muganga wawe ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kikubabaza.
• Niba ukeneye guhagarika imiti, ntugafate icyemezo wenyine, ahubwo menya neza ko ubiganiriyeho na muganga wawe.
• Dialysis ni uburyo bwo kuvura bwongera ubuzima, ntabwo ari igisubizo kimwe gusa. Ni ngombwa kuganira na muganga wawe ku cyakubera cyiza.

Dialysis, indwara z'impyiko, impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza, hemodialysis, dialysis ya peritoneal, dialysis ya sinhala, impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza sinhala