Abantu benshi mu gihugu cyacu barwaye indwara yitwa Diyabete. Wenda wowe, uwo mu muryango wawe, cyangwa inshuti yawe mufite iyi ndwara. Kubana na diyabete ni ikibazo, ariko iyo uyigenzuye neza, ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe. Ariko, iyo tutayigenzuye neza, ni ukuvuga ko isukari mu maraso ihora iri hejuru, ishobora kwangiza ingingo z'umubiri wacu mu buryo budasanzwe. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku ngorane ziterwa na diyabete. Kubimenya bizagufasha cyane mu kwirinda.
Indwara z'Umutima na Stroke
Imwe mu ngorane zikunze kugaragara kandi ziteje akaga ziterwa na diyabete ni indwara z'umutima. Iyo isukari mu maraso yiyongereye, inkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso zirangirika, maze cholesterol n'ibinure bitangira kwirundanya muri yo. Ibi bituma imitsi y'amaraso igabanuka, bigatuma amaraso ajya mu mutima agabanuka. Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera indwara z'umutima.
Ibi ni ko bimeze no ku ndwara yitwa stroke . Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo umutsi ujyana amaraso mu bwonko ufunze cyangwa ugaturika. Ibi byago biri hejuru cyane ku muntu urwaye diyabete.
Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibi bintu:
Ibi bizamini bikorwa hafi buri gihe cyose ugiye kwa muganga.
- Umuvuduko w'amaraso : Umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe upimwa hakoreshejwe agapfundikizo kazengurutse ukuboko kwawe. Ni ngombwa kuwugumana munsi ya 130/80 mmHg.
- Gupima amaraso : Hafatwa amaraso make kugira ngo harebwe urugero rwa cholesterol mbi ( LDL cholesterol) na triglycerides .
- Ikizamini cya ECG : Ikizamini cya ECG (Electrocardiogram) kizakorwa mu gihe cyo kwa muganga bwa mbere kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y'umutima wawe kandi hamenyekane uko uhagaze.
Igikuru ni ukuganira na muganga wawe ku bintu bishobora gutera indwara z'umutima , nko kuba mu muryango wawe mwararwaye indwara z'umutima ndetse no kumenya niba unywa itabi . Izi ngaruka zishobora kugabanuka cyane bitewe n'ibintu nko kugabanya ibiro , gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kugabanya stress .
Ubonye ibimenyetso bya stroke , ugomba guhita ujya kwa muganga.Niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kugira ibisebe bitunguranye ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura yawe cyangwa umubiri wawe, kugorwa no kuvuga, kugorwa no kubona mu maso yombi, cyangwa kuzungera, jya kwa muganga wita ku bibazo byihutirwa (ETU) vuba.
Kwangirika kw'impyiko (Diabetetic Nephropathy)
Impyiko ni zo yungurura mu mubiri wacu. Ziyungurura imyanda iva mu maraso. Ariko, iyo isukari mu maraso ibaye nyinshi igihe kirekire, imiyoboro y'amaraso yoroshye mu mpyiko irangirika. Ibi byitwa Diabete Nephropathy .
Mu ntangiriro, nta bimenyetso bigaragara, ariko buhoro buhoro imikorere y'impyiko iragabanuka, amaherezo impyiko zishobora kunanirwa burundu.
Bityo rero, ni ngombwa ko umuntu wese urwaye diyabete apimwa impyiko nibura rimwe mu mwaka .
- Ikizamini cy'inkari : Inkari zawe zizasuzumwa niba nta poroteyine yitwa albumin. Ubusanzwe, iyi poroteyine ntisohoka mu nkari. Ariko, iyo impyiko zangiritse, iyi poroteyine irundanya mu nkari.
- Gupima amaraso: Hazakorwa isuzuma ry'amaraso kugira ngo harebwe urugero rwa creatinine yawe na GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate). Muri make, GFR ni igipimo cy'uburyo impyiko zawe ziyungurura imyanda.
Kwangirika kw'imitsi (Diabete Neuropathy)
Iyi ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara cyane cya diyabete. Isukari nyinshi mu maraso yangiza imitsi mu mubiri wacu. Ibi byitwa diyabete neuropathy . Bikunze kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu biganza no ku birenge.
Ese ufite ibi bintu?
- Amaboko n'ibirenge biraryana.
- Ibirenge byanjye bisa n'aho birimo gushya.
- Hari igihe habaho ibinya.
Akaga gakomeye k'ibi ni uko utazashobora kumva ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu birenge byawe. Tekereza, ufite agasebe gato ku kirenge cyawe, cyangwa ihwa ryakomyemo, ariko se byagenda bite niba utabyumvise? Urwo gasebe gato gashobora gukura, kakandura, ndetse bikaba byatuma ukenera gucibwa ikirenge cyawe.
Rero, genzura ibirenge byawe buri joro mbere yo kuryama . Reba niba hari umutuku, kubyimba, ibisebe , cyangwa uruhu rwacitse. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi, bwira muganga wawe vuba.
Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibirenge byawe nibura rimwe mu mwaka. Ashobora gukubita ikirenge cyawe akoresheje ikintu nk'umugozi wa nylon cyangwa agapira gato kugira ngo arebe niba ushobora kubyumva. Niba utabyumva, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko imitsi yangiritse.
Ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo kureba (Diabete Retinopathy)
Diyabete ishobora no kwangiza amaso. Isukari nyinshi mu maraso yangiza imiyoboro yoroheje y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu jisho riri inyuma y'ijisho. Ibi byitwa diyabete retinopathy . Iyo itavuwe, ishobora gutera ubuhumyi.
Bityo rero, ni ngombwa ko umuntu wese urwaye diyabete ajya kwa muganga w’amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka kugira ngo asuzumwe amaso ye.
- Isuzuma ry'amaso: Muganga azagushyira ibitonyanga mu jisho kugira ngo yagure imboni. Hanyuma, azakoresha indorerwamo yihariye kugira ngo asuzume inyuma y'ijisho ryawe, retina , kugira ngo arebe niba hari icyangiritse.
- Uzabona neza kandi uzaba utabona neza mu masaha make nyuma y'iki kizamini. Ni byiza rero kuzana indorerwamo z'izuba hanyuma undi muntu akagutwara .
Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 bagomba gutangira gupimwa mu gihe cy'imyaka 3-5 nyuma yo kumenyekana. Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bagomba kwisuzumisha amaso yabo bwa mbere bakimara gupimwa.
Izindi ngorane zikunze kugaragara
Uretse ingorane nyamukuru zavuzwe haruguru, hari n'izindi ngorane nyinshi zishobora kuvuka.
- Ibibazo byo mu gifu (Gastroparesis): Kwangirika kw'imitsi yo mu gifu bituma igifu gisohoka buhoro buhoro. Ibi bitera ibimenyetso nko kubyimba no kugira isesemi. Kugira ngo byemezwe, hashobora kuba hakenewe ibizamini nka endoscopi .
- Kudakora neza kw'imibonano mpuzabitsina: Diyabete yongera ibyago byo kudakora neza kw'imibonano mpuzabitsina ku bagabo. Ni ngombwa kubibwira muganga wawe nta soni. Ishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhindura imibereho n'imiti.
- Ibibazo by'uruhu n'indwara zandura: Iyo isukari yo mu maraso yiyongereye, hashyirwaho ahantu heza ho gukura bagiteri n'ibihumyo. Bigabanya kandi ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo gukiza ibikomere. Ibi bishobora gutera indwara zandura kenshi z'uruhu, indwara z'inkari, n'indwara z'ishinya.
- Ibibazo by'ubuzima bw'amenyo: Abantu barwaye diyabete bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ishinya (gingivite), kwangirika kw'amenyo, no gutakaza amenyo. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa koza amenyo buri munsi no kuyasura buri gihe.
Ibizamini ugomba gukora
Kugira ngo wirinde ingorane, ni ngombwa kumenya uburyo diyabete yawe igenzurwa neza. Ibi bizamini birafasha muri ibyo.
| Izina ry'ikizamini | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Isuzuma ry'amaraso rya A1c | Ibi biguha ishusho y'ikigereranyo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi 3 ashize . Ugomba kubikora nibura kabiri mu mwaka. |
| Ikizamini cya Ketone | Iyo uturemangingo tw’umubiri tudafite isukari ihagije, dutwika ibinure kugira ngo tubone ingufu. Ibinyabutabire bikorwa byitwa ketones, bigenzurwa mu nkari. Urugero rwa ketone rwinshi rushobora gutera DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis), indwara iteje akaga. |
| Ikizamini cya Tiroyide | Hari isano iri hagati ya diyabete na hypothyroidism, bityo iki kizamini kigomba gukorwa ku nama za muganga. |
Diyabete ni ikintu kigomba kwitabwaho neza. Ntugatinye. Iyo ukurikije amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze, ufata imiti yawe ku gihe, ukagenzura indyo yawe, kandi ugakora siporo, ushobora kwirinda ingorane nyinshi zavuzwe haruguru.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Iyo diyabete idahagaritswe, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku ngingo hafi ya zose z'umubiri wawe, harimo umutima wawe, impyiko, amaso, n'imitsi.
- Shaka muganga wawe ku gihe maze ugenzure umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, cholesterol, n'urugero rwa A1c.
- Menya neza ko ugiye kureba umuganga w'amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka kugira ngo agupime amaso.
- Suzuma ibirenge byawe buri munsi niba nta bikomere, imivuniko, cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasanzwe.
- Kwirinda kunywa itabi, kurya indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara.
- Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bidasanzwe (urugero: kubabara mu gatuza, gucika intege, impinduka mu kureba), menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
Diyabete, Ingorane za Diyabete, Indwara z'Umutima, Indwara z'Impyiko, Kwangirika kw'Imitsi, Kugenzura Diyabete
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.