Ese wigeze ujya kwa muganga? Cyangwa wigeze ujya kureba umuntu? Icyo gihe ugomba kuba warabonye icupa ry'umunyu rifatanye n'ukuboko kwawe, si byo se? Benshi muri twe dutekereza ko amacupa yose y'umunyu atangwa mu mubiri muri ubwo buryo aba arimo ikintu kimwe. Ariko mu by'ukuri, si ko bimeze. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'amazi yo mu bwoko bwa IV akoreshwa mu ndwara zitandukanye no mu bihe bitandukanye. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku mazi abiri akoreshwa cyane mu gihugu cyacu, ari yo Lactated Ringers na Normal
saline .
Kuki amazi ari ingenzi cyane ku mibiri yacu?
Ubwa mbere, reka turebe impamvu imibiri yacu ari ingenzi cyane ku mazi. Tekereza gato,
60% by'imibiri yacu igizwe n'amazi. Aya mazi ni ingenzi ku mikorere myiza ya buri rugingo rw'umubiri wacu, harimo ubwonko bwacu,
umutima , ibihaha n'impyiko. Muri make, amazi akora ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi mu mibiri yacu, harimo:
- Bifasha uturemangingo gukora akazi katwo neza.
- Isiga amavuta mu ngingo zacu.
- Igenzura ubushyuhe bw'umubiri.
- Intungamubiri zikwirakwira mu mubiri wose.
- Imyanda isohoka mu nkari no mu mwanda.
- Irinda ubwonko n'umugongo kwangirika.
Noneho usobanukiwe akamaro k'amazi? Kubera impamvu runaka, urugero, iyo
turuka cyane, iyo
dutakaje amaraso menshi mu mpanuka ikomeye, cyangwa iyo tugize ubushye, amazi menshi akurwa mu mubiri wacu. Ibi tubyita
umwuma . Iyo ibi bibaye, ingano y'amashanyarazi mu mubiri iba itameze neza, amaraso arakomera, maze umutima ugakenera gukora cyane. Aha niho amazi atangwa mu mitsi (IV) kugira ngo umubiri ugarure imikorere yawo.
Indabo zo mu bwoko bwa Lactated Ringers na Normal Saline ni iki?
Ibi ni byo binyabutabire bibiri bikunze gukoreshwa mu bitaro. Twembi twita
crystalloid solutions . Ibi bivuze ko uduce duto cyane muri ibi binyabutabire. Bityo bishobora kunyura mu turemangingo tw’uturemangingo twacu bikajya mu mubiri. Nanone, ibi binyabutabire byombi
ni isotonic . Ibi bivuze ko ingano y’ibi binyabutabire isa cyane n’ingano y’amaraso yacu. Rero iyo bihawe umubiri, ntabwo byangiza uturemangingo. Ariko hari itandukaniro rinini hagati y’ibyo byombi. Kubera iryo tandukaniro, abaganga bahitamo ubwoko bw’ibinyabutabire bukwiriye buri murwayi.
| Ubwoko bw'amazi | Ibikoresho | Umwihariko |
|---|
| Umunyu usanzwe (0.9% sodium chloride) | Gusa sodium chloride (umunyu) n'amazi. | Amazi y'ibanze akoreshwa cyane mu gupima imitsi. |
| Inzoga zo mu bwoko bwa Lactated Ringers (LR) | Sodiyumu kloride, sodiyumu lactate, potasiyumu kloride, kalisiyumu kloride n'amazi. | Igisubizo kiringaniye, gisa cyane n'umusemburo uri mu maraso yacu. |
Nkuko mubibona, Umunyu usanzwe ni amazi y'umunyu gusa. Ariko Lactated Ringers irimo indi myunyu myinshi (electrolytes) umubiri wacu ukeneye. Kubwibyo, Lactated Ringers irahuye n'imiterere y'amaraso yacu.
Abaganga bahitamo bate ibi?
Noneho, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Ni ryari umunyu usanzwe ukwiye gutangwa? Ni ryari ukwiye gutangwa Lactated Ringers? Iki cyemezo gifatwa gusa na muganga ukuvura. Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri cyo.
Igikuru ni uko nta na rimwe umurwayi agomba gufata icyemezo cy’ubwoko bw’amazi yo mu miyoboro y’amaraso akeneye. Iki ni icyemezo muganga azafata akurikije uko umurwayi amerewe, ibisubizo by’ibipimo by’amaraso , n’izindi ndwara.
Reka tubisobanure neza mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Ubwoko bw'amazi ya IV | Ibihe byiza byo gukoresha | Ibintu ugomba kwirinda/kwitonda mu gukoresha |
|---|
| Umunyu usanzwe | - Ku ndwara nyinshi zo kubura amazi mu mubiri (kuruka/impiswi).
- Mu gihe cyo kuva amaraso.
- Mu gihe cy'ihungabana .
- Mu gihe hari umunyu muke mu maraso.
- Iyi ni yo mazi yonyine ashobora gutangwa hakoreshejwe amaraso.
| - Abarwayi bafite indwara z'umutima .
- Abarwayi bafite indwara y'impyiko.
- Abantu bafite ibyago byo kuba barenza urugero mu mazi.
- Ingaruka zo kwiyongera kloride mu maraso (Hyperchloremia).
|
| Inzoga zo mu bwoko bwa Lactated Ringers | - Mu gihe habayeho ubushye n'impanuka zikomeye (Ihungabana).
- Mu gihe habayeho kuva amaraso mu buryo butunguranye.
- Mu gihe cyo kubagwa na nyuma yaho.
- Iyo umubiri ubuze electrolytes .
- Mu bihe nk'ibijyanye n'ubushyuhe mu mubiri.
| - Abarwayi barwaye umwijima.
- Impyiko zinaniwe cyane.
- Mu gihe cy'indwara ya aside lactic (ubwiyongere bw'aside lactic mu maraso).
- Iyo pH y'amaraso iri hejuru ya 7.5.
|
Ese hari ingaruka iyo umuntu arwaye indwara ya IV?
Ibinyobwa biva mu miyoboro ya IV muri rusange ni byiza cyane gutanga uyobowe na muganga. Ariko, kimwe no ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ingaruka. Ingaruka nyamukuru ni ugutanga
ubwoko butari bwo bw'ibinyobwa, gutanga byinshi cyane cyangwa bike cyane, cyangwa gutanga bike cyane .
Niba ubona amazi menshi kuruta ayo ukeneye:
- Kubyimba amaguru n'amaboko.
- Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije.
- Kugorwa no guhumeka.
- Gutinda gukira kw'ibikomere.
Niba utabona amazi ahagije (niba amazi ahagije akomeje kubura):
- Umutima utera cyane.
- Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi.
- Kunanirwa kw'impyiko.
- Gutungurwa no kunanirwa kw'ingingo.
Niyo mpamvu iyo uhawe amazi yo mu muyoboro w'amaraso mu bitaro, abaforomo baza bakareba umuvuduko w'amaraso n'uko umeze.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Nubwo tuvuga "umunyu," hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'amazi yo mu muyoboro w'amaraso akoreshwa mu bitaro. Ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi ni umunyu usanzwe n'umunyu uvanze n'amazi.
- Buri kimwe muri ibi binyabutabire gifite imiterere itandukanye, bityo, uburyo bikora mu mubiri buratandukanye.
- Muganga wawe azahitamo ubwoko bwiza bw'amazi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso yo kuguha, akurikije uburwayi bwawe, imyaka yawe, izindi ndwara, n'ibisubizo by'ibipimo by'amaraso.
- Ibinyobwa biva mu miyoboro y'amaraso ni byiza cyane iyo bitanzwe neza hakurikijwe inama za muganga, bityo ntukabitinye bitari ngombwa.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge kuri ibi, ntugatinye kubaza muganga cyangwa abaforomo bakuvura.
Ibinyobwa bya IV, umunyu, Umunyu usanzwe, Amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa Lactated Ringers, umwuma, Kubura amazi mu mubiri, Ibinyobwa bya IV Sinhala, ubwoko bw'umunyu
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.