Ni nde muganga w’imitsi? Ese wigeze uhura n’uwo?

Ese wigeze wumva ibya 'neurosurgeon'? Wenda wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi yagiriwe inama na muganga, sibyo? Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo ubyumvise. "Oh, ndibaza niba nzagomba kubaga ubu." Ariko se koko ni nde mu by'ukuri umuganga w'imitsi? Ese akora kubaga gusa? Ibi byose tuzabisobanura mu buryo bworoshye cyane uyu munsi, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Uyu muganga w’indwara z’imitsi ni nde? (Umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi)

Mu magambo make, umuganga w’indwara z’ubwonko ni umuganga wahawe amahugurwa yihariye . Asuzuma kandi akavura indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yacu - ubwonko, umugongo (umutsi mukuru uri mu mugongo), n’indi mitsi yose . Abantu benshi batekereza ko abaganga b’indwara z’ubwonko bakora operasiyo gusa. Ariko si ko bimeze. Banakora ubuvuzi butari ubwo kubaga, nko gukoresha imiti, guterwa inshinge za steroide, n’ubuvuzi bw’umubiri . Mu by’ukuri, bagerageza kuvura iyo ndwara nta kubaga igihe cyose bishoboka. Kubaga ni byiza gusa iyo ubundi buryo bwose bwo kuvura bwageragejwe ariko ntibugire icyo bukora.

Abaganga b'imitsi banavura indwara zo mu bice by'imitsi yacu biyifasha. Ni ukuvuga:

• Ingaruka ku gahanga kawe.
• Indwara z'umugongo w'uruti rw'umugongo .
• Ibibazo ku mitsi yo mu mugongo (abantu benshi bavuga ko 'disiki yacitse', ni uko bimeze).
• Ibibazo bifitanye isano n'imitsi y'amaraso .
• Kwangirika kw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri n'uturemangingo tworoshye dutwikira ibintu nk'ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo.

Ndetse n'abandi baganga bajya inama ku baganga b'imitsi iyo bakeneye ubumenyi bwimbitse ku bijyanye n'imitsi, kuko ari bwo myitozo yabo iba nini.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'inzobere mu by'imitsi n'inzobere mu kubaga indwara z'ubwonko?

Iki nacyo ni ikintu abantu benshi bahuriramo mu rujijo. Reka turebe itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y'ibi byombi.

Umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi ni umuganga usuzuma, akavura, akanavura indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yacu (ubwonko, uruti rw’umugongo, imitsi). Ariko, umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi ntakora operasiyo.

Ku rundi ruhande, umuganga w’indwara z’ubwonko asuzuma indwara z’imitsi kandi akazivura binyuze mu kubaga no kuvura bitari ukubaga .

Tekereza, niba ufite indwara cyangwa impanuka ijyanye n'imitsi, ushobora kubanza kujya kwa muganga w'indwara z'ubwonko. Azagusuzuma maze agupime iyo ndwara. Hanyuma, niba abona ko ikibazo cyawe gisaba cyangwa cyakugirira akamaro kubagwa, azakohereza kwa muganga w'indwara z'ubwonko kugira ngo akugire inama zindi, kandi nibiba ngombwa, aguhe uburyo bwo kubagwa. Urabyumva?

Umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi akora iki?

Umuganga w’indwara z’ubwonko asuzuma, agasuzuma, akanavura indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y’umubiri wacu, zirimo ubwonko, uruti rw’umugongo n’uruti rw’umugongo, ndetse n’imitsi yose iva ku rutirigongo.

Nubwo abaganga b'imitsi bashobora kubaga uruti rw'umugongo n'ubwonko mu buryo bugoye, akenshi babanza kukugira inama yo kuvura uruti rw'umugongo rutari ukubaga. Urugero, niba ufite ububabare budakira bw'umugongo, abaganga b'imitsi bashobora kubanza kukugira inama yo kuvura ububabare cyangwa imiti igabanya ububabare. Niba ubu buryo bwo kuvura budatuma ububabare bugabanuka, niba bishoboka, ushobora kubagwa.

Umuganga w’indwara z’ubwonko afite ubuhanga mu kubaga no kuvura indwara zitandukanye. Dore ingero nke:

• Kubaga ku mugaragaro : Ibi bivuze kubaga hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye bwo gukata.
• Kubaga mu buryo budakunze kugaragara : Ibi bisaba gushyira ibikoresho nka kamera mu buryo buca mu bice bito. Ibi bituma ibikomere bito bikira vuba.
• Kubaga hakoreshejwe endoskopiya : Ubu buryo nabwo ni nk'uburyo bwo kubaga butari bunini cyane.
• Kubaga mikorosikopi : Kubaga bikorwa mu buryo bwitondewe cyane hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi.
• Kubaga hakoreshejwe imirasire : Ibi ntabwo bikubiyemo gukata. Bivurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire myinshi.
• Kubaga imitsi yo mu nda : Kubaga hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bito binyuzwa mu mitsi y'amaraso.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura ububabare budakira : Uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ububabare budakira.

Abaganga b'imitsi na bo bahuguwe cyane mu bizamini bikenewe mu gusuzuma no kuvura indwara z'imitsi. Bafite ubuhanga mu kubaga no gusesengura ibyavuye muri ibyo bizamini:

• Gupima CT (Isuzuma rya Computed Tomography)
• Gupima MRI (gupima MRI / Gupima ibyuma bipima imiterere y'amajwi ya Magnetic Resonance)
• Gupima PET (Positron Emission Tomography scans)
• Isuzuma ry'imyanya y'ubwonko (Meg)
• Ibizamini bya EEG `(Electroencephalograms (EEG))`

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kuvura abaganga b'imitsi?

Hari indwara nyinshi abaganga b'imitsi bavura. Reka turebe zimwe muri zo:

• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko
• Indwara ya Carpal tunnel syndrome : Indwara iterwa no gukanda imitsi mu kuboko. Ikunze kugaragara ku bantu bakora kuri mudasobwa cyangwa bakora imirimo isubiramo bakoresheje amaboko yabo.
• Kuva kw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF): Aya ni amazi akikije ubwonko n'umugongo. Arava.
• Ububabare budakira bw'umugongo cyangwa ijosi
• Indwara z'ubwonko zivukanwa : Urugero, `(Chiari malformations)` na `(Arachnoid cysts)`.
• Indwara z'umugongo zivukana : Urugero, `(Umugongo wibasiwe)` na `(Umugongo uhambiriwe)`.
• Gutigita kw'ingenzi : Indwara aho ibintu nk'amaboko, amaguru n'umutwe bihinda umushyitsi.
• Uduce tw’inyuma tw’umugongo : Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, uruti rw’umugongo rurabyimba.
• Hydrocephalus : Indwara aho amazi yiyongera mu bwonko, bigatuma umutwe urushaho kwaguka.
• Aneurysms zo mu bwonko : Kubyimba nk'ibendera ry'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu bwonko.
• Sclerosis nyinshi (MS)
• Indwara ya Parkinson
• Imitsi igoranye
• Sciatica : Ububabare bukomeye bunyura mu kaguru.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe, nko mu gihe cy'igicuri
• Udukoko tw'amagufwa yo mu mugongo (osteophytes)
• Stenosis yo mu mugongo
• Amavuniko y'umugongo
• Ibibyimba by'umugongo
• Ubusembwa bw'umugongo : Urugero, scoliosis na spondylolisthesis.
• Ibikomere byo mu mutwe, mu bwonko, mu ijosi cyangwa mu mugongo

Ntugatinye iyo ubonye uru rutonde. Hari uburyo bwo kuvura izi ndwara zose, kandi si zose zisaba kubagwa.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubwibagizi bw'indwara z'imitsi abaganga bakora?

Abaganga b'imitsi bakora operasiyo zitandukanye ku bice bitandukanye by'imitsi, harimo ubwonko, uruti rw'umugongo, n'imitsi yo mu ngingo. Reka turebere hamwe bimwe muri byo:

Ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo kubaga ubwonko:

• Gukuraho amaraso apfutse
• Gusana Aneurysm
• Gukuraho ikibyimba
• Guhagarika kuva amaraso mu bwonko
• Gusana ibyangiritse byatewe n'impanuka
• Gushyira shunt (gukuramo amazi arenze mu bwonko)

Kubagwa imitsi yo mu mpande (imitsi y'ingingo):

• Kurekura umuyoboro wa Carpal
• Kurekura imitsi yo mu gituza
• Gukangura imitsi yo mu nda y'umura

Ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo kubaga umugongo:

• Kubaga uruti rw'umugongo hakoreshejwe radiotherapy
• Gukuraho igice cy'idiski (diskectomy)
• Kubaga Laminectomy
• Guhuza umugongo
• Gutunganya imitsi yo mu bwonko na kyphoplasty (gukosora umugongo wavunitse hakoreshejwe sima)
• Gutuza umugongo no kongera kubaka

Aya ni amazina gusa. Ntabwo kubagwa kose gukorwa kuri buri wese. Muganga ni we uzaguhitiramo ikigukwiriye neza.

Kuki ukeneye kubonana n'umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi?

Akenshi, umuganga w’umuryango wawe cyangwa inzobere mu by’imitsi azakohereza kwa muganga w’imitsi iyo akeneye isuzuma ryimbitse ry’indwara yawe y’imitsi cyangwa niba abona ko kubagwa bishobora kugufasha.

Wibuke ko kuba muganga yarakohereje kwa muganga w’indwara z’imitsi ntibivuze ko uzagomba kubagwa!

Ahubwo, uzakorerwa isuzuma ryuzuye ry’imitsi , amateka yuzuye y’ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka y’ubuzima bwawe, hamwe n’ibizamini birambuye byo gufata amashusho (nk’ibya MRI na CT scans) kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu nyamukuru y’ibimenyetso byawe. Hanyuma, umuganga wawe w’imitsi – rimwe na rimwe abifashijwemo n’abandi bahanga – azakubwira uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ubu bushobora kuba uburyo bwo kuvura butari ukubaga, kubagwa, cyangwa byombi bivanze.

Ni iki ugomba kumenya iyo ugiye kubonana n'umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga w’indwara z’imitsi, ushobora kumubaza ibibazo nk’ibi. Ibi bizagufasha gutsinda ubwoba n’ibyifuzo byose ushobora kuba ufite.

Ibibazo ushobora kubaza:

• "Muganga, ufite uburambe bungana iki mu gukora ubu bwoko bw'ubu buvuzi?"
• "Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bugomba gukorwa nyuma y'igihe kingana iki?"
• "Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'ubu buvuzi?"
• "Ni izihe nyungu z'ubu buvuzi?"
• "Kubagwa bikorwa gute ?"
• "Ese nkwiye gushaka igitekerezo cya kabiri?"
• "Abandi baganga b'inzobere mu ikipe yanjye yo kubaga ni bande?"
• "Ni nde wundi uzaba ari mu itsinda ryanjye rishinzwe gukira nyuma yo kubagwa?"
• "Nzamara igihe kingana iki mu bitaro? Nzakira he?"
• "Ni gute nakira vuba kandi mu buryo bwuzuye?"
• "Nkwiye gukora iki kugira ngo nitegure kubagwa?"

Dore uko wakwitegura inama:

• Andika urutonde rw'ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kuganiraho n'umuganga wawe w'imitsi.
• IbyaweMbwira impinduka mu buzima bwawe muri rusange.
• Tubwire ibimenyetso bishya ufite cyangwa impinduka mu bimenyetso bya kera .
• Fata kopi za scanned z'ibizamini by'abandi baganga.
• Zana urutonde rw'imiti yose, vitamine, inyongeramusaruro, n'imiti gakondo urimo gufata ubu.
• Tubwire ibyerekeye allergie yawe.
• Niba bishoboka, jyana n'inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango. Bashobora kwandika icyo muganga avuze bakagufasha.
• Niba hari ikindi kintu ukeneye kumenya, baza niba ushobora kugitanga undi munsi.

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ube umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi? Ese ni urugendo rworoshye?

Kuba umuganga w’indwara z’ubwonko ntabwo byoroshye. Bisaba imyaka myinshi y’uburezi n’amahugurwa. Ubusanzwe:

• Imyaka 4 mbere yo kurangiza kwiga (Amasomo y’ubuganga).
• Imyaka 4 y'ishuri ry'ubuganga.
• Imenyerezamwuga ry'umwaka umwe mu bijyanye no kubaga muri rusange.
• Igihe cyo kubaga indwara z'ubwonko ni imyaka 5-7.

Bivuze ko bifata hagati y'imyaka 14 na 16 kugira ngo ube umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi! Iki ni kimwe mu bihe birebire cyane byo kwitoza mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Kubera ko uru rwego ruragoye cyane.

Bamwe mu baganga b’imitsi, nyuma y’aya mahugurwa, bahabwa "Ubufatanye" mu bundi buhanga (urugero: kubaga uruti rw’umugongo, kubaga indwara z’imitsi ku bana). Nanone, bagomba gukomeza kwiga ibintu bishya no kumenya ikoranabuhanga rishya.

Hari amashami menshi yihariye mu kubaga ubwonko:

• Kubaga imitsi yo mu bwonko (bifitanye isano n'imitsi y'amaraso yo mu bwonko)
• Indwara y'ubwonko mu kubaga imitsi yo mu nda
• Kubagwa kw'igicuri
• Kubaga ubwonko mu buryo bufatika
• Ubumenyi bw'imitsi (kanseri y'imitsi)
• Kubaga ubwonko bw'abana
• Kubaga umugongo

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse iyo umenye ko ufite ikibazo. Ariko, niba ufite ububabare budakira cyangwa indwara ifata imitsi, nka Parkinson's disease, umuganga w’imitsi ashobora kugufasha gucunga no kuvura iyo ndwara.

Abaganga b'imitsi ni bo bahanga bakomeye muri uru rwego. Bafite ubumenyi ku miti igezweho, uburyo bwo kuvura, n'uburyo bwo kubaga bushobora kugufasha.

Umuganga wawe w’imitsi azakorana nawe kugira ngo agufashe kugena gahunda nziza yo kuvura. Rero, jya ubonana na we muganire ku bibazo byawe. Wibuke ko kubagwa atari cyo gisubizo cya nyuma buri gihe. Kenshi na kenshi, bazakora uko bashoboye kose kugira ngo bagufashe gukira utarinze kubagwa.

` Umuganga w'imitsi, Kubaga ubwonko, Kubaga uruti rw'umugongo, Ubuvuzi bw'imitsi, Umuganga w'imitsi, Udukoko tw'imitsi