Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura bwafasha umwana ufite autisme?

Ukimara gukeka ko umwana wawe afite autisme, ni ngombwa kuyisuzumisha. Hari igihe bishobora gufata igihe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ko afite autisme, reka twige uburyo bwo gufasha umwana wawe ako kanya. Uko ubuvuzi butangira vuba, ni ko umusaruro uba mwiza. Ariko ntibitinda cyane. Icyagirira akamaro umwana umwe gishobora kudakorera undi. Reka tubiganireho kimwe kimwe.

Ese gukina bifasha umwana? (Ubuvuzi bwo gukina)

Abana bafite uburwayi bwa autism spectrum disorder (ASD) bakunze gukina mu buryo butandukanye n'abandi bana. Urugero, niba ubahaye imodoka y'igikinisho, aho kuyisunika hirya no hino, bashobora kureba amapine bakayizunguruka. Nanone ntibakora "imikino yo kwiyitirira" nk'abandi bana, nko kugaburira igipupe cyangwa guteka icyayi. Bashobora kandi kudakina n'abandi.

Ariko, kuri aba bana, gukina ni uburyo bwo kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo n'amarangamutima yabo. Ibikinisho byabo n'ibikorwa byabo biba amagambo yabo. Rero, dukoresheje iyi kinamico, dushobora kubigisha ibintu bishya mu buryo bumva kandi tukabafasha guhuza n'abandi. Ibi nibyo twita Play Therapy .

Uburyo bwo kuvura abana mu mikino bushobora gufasha guteza imbere ubumenyi bw'imibanire n'abandi no mu byiyumvo, bukabigisha gutekereza mu buryo butandukanye, kandi bukanabafasha kongera ubumenyi mu rurimi no mu itumanaho.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe:

• Igihe cyo kuryama: Ibi bikubiyemo umuvuzi, umwarimu, cyangwa wowe ubwawe wicaye hasi hamwe n'umwana mugakina nk'uko umwana akina. Hanyuma, buhoro buhoro wongeramo ikintu gishya mu mukino (nk'ikindi gikinisho cyangwa ijambo). Intego hano ni ukubaka uburyo bwo kuvugana hagati y'umwana nawe.
• Amatsinda y’Imikino Ihuriweho (IPGs): Aha niho abana bafite autisme n’abana badafite autisme bahurizwa hamwe kugira ngo bakore amatsinda y’imikino. Ibi biha abana bafite autisme amahirwe yo kwiga gukina bareba kandi bigana abandi bana.
• JASPER (Gukinana mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo no kugenzura uburyo umwana yitoje kwita ku gikinisho n'umuntu icyarimwe. Iyo ubwo buryo bwo 'kwita ku bandi' butera imbere, birushaho koroha gukina n'abandi bana.

Ubuvuzi bw'akazi bufasha koroshya imirimo ya buri munsi

Ubuvuzi bw'akazi, cyangwa nkuko twese tubizi,Ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo (OT) ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufasha umwana gukora imirimo ya buri munsi n'imirimo ya buri munsi (urugero: gupfunyika ibipfundo ku ishati, gufata ikiyiko neza) ku giti cye. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo ikintu cyose kuva ku ishuri kugeza ku gukina. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwakozwe hashingiwe ku byo umwana akeneye n'intego ze.

Umuganga w’inzobere mu by’ubuzima bw’imyororokere akorana n’ababyeyi, abarimu n’abandi bahanga. Bafasha gushyiraho intego zihariye ku mibanire y’umwana n’abandi, imyitwarire ye, n’ibikorwa bye byo mu ishuri.

Ubuvuzi bw'Imivugire

Abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bashobora kugira ibibazo bikomeye haba mu mivugire no mu mishyikirano itari iyo mu magambo, nko kureba mu maso no mu gukoresha amaboko. Niyo mpamvu uburyo bwo kuvura indwara yo mu mutwe ari ingenzi cyane mu kuvura indwara yo mu mutwe .

Ibibazo byo kuvuga bikunze kugaragara ku bantu bafite autism

• Ntavuga na gato.
• Gukora urusaku rudasanzwe, nko kuboroga.
• Gusubiramo ibyavuzwe (ibi tubyita Echolalia ).
• Kuvuga mu ijwi rya roboti, nta marangamutima arimo, nubwo amagambo n'interuro byavuzwe neza.
• Kutarebana mu maso mu gihe muganira.
• Kugorwa no gusobanukirwa isura y'abandi bantu, ijwi ryabo n'imikoreshereze y'umubiri wabo.

Umuganga w’Imvugo n’Ururimi ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bwiza bwo kunoza ubuhanga bw’umwana wawe mu itumanaho. Niba umwana wawe atari kuvuga, ashobora kukugira inama y’ubundi buryo. Urugero:

• Kwitoza kugaragaza ibyo ukeneye ukoresheje amakarita y'amashusho.
• Kwigisha ururimi rw'amarenga.
• Kwitoza itumanaho ukoresheje igikoresho cy'ikoranabuhanga nka tableti.

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha umwana kwiga kuvuga amagambo neza, gutangiza ibiganiro n'abandi, kugaragaza ibitekerezo bye n'ibyiyumvo bye, no kwishimira gukina n'abandi. Ni byiza gutangira ubu buryo hakiri kare.

Uburyo bwo guteza imbere imyitwarire myiza (Isesengura ry’imyitwarire rikoreshwa - ABA)

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura, bwitwa ABA , burimo kumenya imyitwarire myiza y'umwana no kumushishikariza kuyikora cyane. Hari ibihembo bitandukanye bikoreshwa kuri ibi. Ubu buryo bunafasha mu kwiga ubuhanga bushya. Ababyeyi n'abarera nabo barahuguwe muri ibi, kugira ngo babashe guha umwana ubuyobozi bukenewe mu rugo.

Hariho kandi ubwoko butandukanye bwa ABA:

• Imyitozo yo mu byiciro by’igerageza (DTT): Muri ibi, imyitwarire cyangwa ubuhanga bugomba kwigishwa umwana bugabanywamo intambwe nto kandi bukigishwa imwe ku yindi.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura umwana mu buryo bw’ingenzi (PRT): Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bugamije ibintu by’ingenzi mu mikurire ye (urugero: kwicunga, guhangana n’ibibazo byo mu muryango).
• Uburyo bwo Kwita ku Myifatire mu Mivugo (VBI): Intego nyamukuru y'ibi ni ukunoza ubuhanga bw'umwana mu kuvuga.

Ubundi buryo bw'ubuvuzi bufasha

Uretse uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura bwavuzwe haruguru, hari ubundi buryo bwinshi.

Gutembera ku Ifarashi mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi

Ibi kandi byitwa Hippotherapy . Aha, umwana agendera ku ifarashi ayobowe n'umuvuzi. Umwana agomba kugenzura umubiri we no kugumana uburinganire akurikije uko ifarashi igenda. Ibi ni nk'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubu buryo bunoza ubuhanga bw'abana mu mibanire n'abandi no mu kuvuga. Bunafasha kugabanya kuruhuka no gukora cyane.

Mbere yo gufata icyemezo icyo ari cyo cyose kuri ubwo buryo bwo kuvura, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'abana ku buryo bwo kuvura bukwiriye umwana wawe.