Akenshi, duterwa ubwoba iyo twumvise ijambo 'cholesterol'. Hari abantu batekereza ko iyi ari indwara yibasira abantu babyibushye gusa. Ariko ukuri ni ko bitandukanye cyane. Nubwo waba unanutse kandi ufite ubuzima bwiza, urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso yawe rushobora kuba ruri hejuru. Igiteye ubwoba cyane ni uko itaragaragaza ibimenyetso byihariye mu ntangiriro. Kimwe n'umwanzi utagira icyo avuga mu mubiri wacu, cholesterol nyinshi ishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, na stroke uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Ese koko nta bimenyetso bibaho iyo cholesterol iri hejuru?
Muri make, nta bimenyetso bigaragara bifitanye isano itaziguye na cholesterol nyinshi. Ibyo ni akaga k'ibi. Ushobora gukora ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi nta kibazo, ariko cholesterol ishobora kwinjizwa mu mitsi y'amaraso mu mubiri.
Ariko, rimwe na rimwe iyo urugero rwa cholesterol rubaye hejuru cyane, cyane cyane bitewe n'impamvu z'uruhererekane, ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugaragara.
- Xanthoma: Hari abantu bashobora kugira utubyimba tw’umuhondo kandi tworoshye ku ruhu rwabo, cyane cyane hafi y’amaso, inkokora, amavi, cyangwa amatako. Ibi byitwa xanthoma. Iyo ubibonye, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’uko urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso yawe ruri hejuru cyane.
- Uburemba bw'abagabo: Ibinure bya cholesterol mu mitsi y'amaraso bishobora kubuza amaraso gutembera. Iyi ndwara ishobora gutera uburemba ku bagabo bamwe na bamwe.
- Diyabete Mellitus n'umubyibuho ukabije: Abantu benshi barwaye diyabete n'abafite umubyibuho ukabije bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara cholesterol nyinshi.
Igikuru ni ukumenya urugero rwa cholesterol yawe udategereje ko ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara.
"Profile y'ibinure" ni iki?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga ugapimwa amaraso kugira ngo urebe ko cholesterol yawe ingana, raporo ntivuga gusa "cholesterol." Ifite agaciro kanini. Iki kizamini cyose ni cyo twita "lipid profile". Reka turebe ibice by'ingenzi byacyo.
- Kolesteroli ya LDL (Lipoporoteyine ntoya): Iyi ni yo twita "kolesteroli mbi." Muri make, iyi ni yo yiyongera ku nkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso, ikayigabanya ikayifunga, bigatera indwara nk'indwara z'umutima na stroke. Ni ngombwa cyane kugabanya iki gipimo.
- Cholesterol ya HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Iyi niyo twita "cholesterol nziza"Kimwe n'intwari, iyi cholesterol ya HDL ifasha gutwara cholesterol mbi ya LDL yishyize mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayijyana mu mwijima ikayikura mu mubiri. Bityo, uko urugero rwa HDL ruri hejuru, niko birushaho kuba byiza kuri twe.
- Triglycerides: Ubu ni ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure biboneka mu maraso yacu. Uku ni ko umubiri ubikira karori nyinshi mu byo turya. Ingano nyinshi yabyo yongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.
Muganga wawe azareba izi ndangagaciro zose kugira ngo amenye ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.
Ni iki twakora kugira ngo tugenzure cholesterol?
Inkuru nziza ni uko urugero rwa cholesterol rushobora kugenzurwa ahanini no guhindura imibereho.
Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe.
Kubera ko cholesterol idafite ibimenyetso, ni ngombwa ko ugenzurwa buri myaka 4-6 nyuma y'imyaka 20. Niba urwaye diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, indwara z'umutima, cyangwa ufite umubyibuho ukabije, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa kenshi.
Imyitozo ngororamubiri ijye iba igice cy'ubuzima bwawe.
Imyitozo ngororamubiri ni uburyo bwiza bwo kongera HDL (cholesterol nziza) no kugabanya LDL (cholesterol mbi). Ntabwo ari ngombwa kwiruka marathon. Gutembera vuba, koga, cyangwa kubyina iminota 30 ku munsi, iminsi 3-4 mu cyumweru, birahagije. Niba udafite igihe kinini cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ushobora no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri iminota 10 inshuro nke ku munsi.
Reka kunywa itabi burundu.
Kunywa itabi bigabanya cholesterol nziza (HDL). Ibi bivuze ko cholesterol mbi nyinshi (LDL) ziguma mu mubiri wawe. Kunywa itabi bifitanye isano itaziguye n'indwara nyinshi, nk'indwara z'umutima n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso. Kureka kunywa itabi bizamura urugero rwa cholesterol yawe n'ubuzima bw'imitsi yawe y'amaraso.
Witondere ibyo urya n'ibyo unywa.
Ibyokurya turya bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kuri cholesterol, kandi tugomba kwitonda cyane kuri ibi.
| Ubwoko bw'ibiribwa | Ibintu byo kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika (byongera LDL mbi) | Ibintu byo kongeramo mu biribwa |
|---|---|---|
| Ibinure byuzuye | Inyama zitukura nk'inyama z'inka, ingurube, n'inyama z'ihene, amavuta, amata yuzuye ibinure, foromaje, amavuta y'amata, amavuta y'amapamu n'amavuta y'ibitoki. | Inkoko (yakuweho uruhu), ifi. |
| Ibinure bya Trans | Ibikomoka ku migati, utuntu duto dupfunyitse, ibiryo bikaranze, margarine. (Ni byiza kubireka burundu). | Ibiryo karemano, ibiryo bitetse mu rugo. |
| Ibyokurya by'amata | Amata yuzuye amavuta, foromaje. | Amata adasukuye, yawurute idafite ibinure byinshi. |
Komeza kugira ibiro bizima.
Kongera ibiro, cyane cyane ibinure byo mu nda , byongera cholesterol mbi ya LDL kandi bikagabanya cholesterol nziza ya HDL. Kugabanya ibiro byawe na 10% bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku rugero rwa cholesterol yawe. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mirire myiza n'imyitozo ngororamubiri bigufasha.
Ni ryari ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga?
Nubwo cholesterol idasobanutse, hari ibimenyetso by'ingorane zishobora guterwa nayo. Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe afite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihutirwa.
| Ingorane n'ibimenyetso byo kwitondera | |
|---|---|
| Utubyimba tworoheje kandi tw'umuhondo ku ruhu (Xanthomas) | Niba ubibonye ku ruhu rwawe cyangwa urw'umwana wawe, gana muganga maze muganire ku isuzuma rya cholesterol. |
| Kubabara ibumoso bw'igituza, kumva igituza gifunganye, gufungana | Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umutima cyangwa angina. Jya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze cy'ibitaro (ETU) ako kanya. |
| Kuzungera mu buryo butunguranye, kugenda bigoranye, kuvuga nabi, no kunama k'uruhande rumwe rw'isura | Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko. Jya mu bitaro byita ku barwayi ba ETU (ETU) vuba. |
| Kubabara amaguru (cyane cyane iyo umuntu agenda kandi agahumurizwa no kuruhuka) | Iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya atherosclerosis. Shaka muganga ako kanya. |
Niba usanzwe ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, kurikiza neza uburyo muganga yaguhaye. Ntugasibe imiti yawe. Menya neza ko waganiriye na muganga wawe mbere yo guhindura gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kolesteroli nyinshi ni umwanzi udasobanutse uza nta bimenyetso. Ntutegereze rero ko ibimenyetso bigaragara.
- Nyuma y'imyaka 20, jya kwipimisha amaraso buri gihe kugira ngo umenye urugero rwa cholesterol yawe (Lipid Profile).
- Indyo yuzuye, imyitozo ngororamubiri, kwirinda kunywa itabi no kugira ibiro bizima ni ingenzi mu kugabanya cholesterol mbi (LDL) no kongera cholesterol nziza (HDL).
- Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye na cholesterol, cyangwa ushaka kumenya uburyo bwo kuvura, banza ubaze muganga wawe.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso byihutirwa nko kubabara mu gatuza cyangwa kuvuga nabi, jya ku bitaro byita ku barwayi ba ETU byihutirwa.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.