Iyo uhumeka, cyane cyane iyo uhumeka umwuka, wumva ijwi rituje riva mu gituza cyawe? Hari igihe bishobora gutera ubwoba iyo wumvise iri jwi hamwe n'inkorora yawe? Abantu benshi bahuye nabyo. Mu buvuzi, tubyita 'guhumeka'. Mu by'ukuri iri ni ijwi ribaho iyo inzira nto z'ubuhumekero mu bihaha byacu zifunze kubera impamvu runaka, bigatuma umwuka unyuramo . None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku kibitera, uburyo umuganga abisuzuma, n'uburyo bwo kubyivura .
Ni gute umuganga yamenya impamvu yo guhumeka?
Ikintu cyiza cyo gukora mu gihe ufite urusaku mu gatuza nk'uru ni ukujya kwa muganga. Kubera ko iki ari ikimenyetso gusa, icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya impamvu. Dore bimwe mu bintu muganga azakora aramutse agubonye.
1. Kubaza ibibazo:
Ubwa mbere, muganga azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe. Tekereza kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:
- "Uru rusaku rwatangiye ryari?"
- "Ese wumva inkorora, umuhogo ubabara, cyangwa igituza cyawe gifunganye hamwe n'ibi?"
- "Ibi byiyongera ryari? Iyo umuntu ahuye n'umukungugu? Iyo hakonje? Iyo akora imyitozo ngororamubiri ?"
- "Hari umuntu mu muryango wawe urwaye asima ?"
- "Ese ibi bibaho nyuma yo kurya ibiryo bimwe na bimwe? Cyangwa bibaho mu gihe kimwe cy'umwaka (urugero, iyo indabyo zirimo kurabya)?"
Ibi bibazo bishobora guha muganga wawe igitekerezo cyiza niba ufite allergie , asima , cyangwa ikindi kibazo.
2. Isuzuma ry'umubiri:
Hanyuma, muganga azagushyira stethoscope ku gituza maze agutege amatwi witonze. Ibi bizagufasha kumenya neza aho ijwi rituruka mu bihaha byawe n'ubukana bwaryo.
3. Ibizamini byihariye :
Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka yawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima ibindi bipimo byinshi.
- Spirometry: Ibi bikubiyemo guhumeka no gusohora ukoresheje imashini nto. Bishobora gupima uburyo ibihaha byawe bikora neza n'uburyo inzira z'ubuhumekero zifunganye.
- X-ray yo mu gituza : Ibi bifasha kureba niba hari ikindi kibazo, nko kwandura indwara mu bihaha.
- Gupima amaraso: Hari igihe bipimwa amaraso kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubwandu cyangwa aleriji.
- Ibipimo by'ubwivumbure: Niba ukeka ko ufite ubwivumbure, ushobora gupimwa uruhu cyangwa gupimwa amaraso kugira ngo byemezwe.
Wibuke ko bishobora guteza akaga gufata imiti wenyine utabanje gusuzuma neza icyateye guhumeka kwawe. Buri gihe gisha inama muganga wawe.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara yo guhumeka?
Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'impamvu yo guhumeka kwawe. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubanza gushaka impamvu. Dore uburyo bwo kuvura zimwe mu mpamvu zisanzwe.
Niba urimo guhumeka bitewe na asima
Asima ni indwara ituma inzira z'ubuhumekero mu bihaha zibyimba, zigakomera, kandi zigacika vuba. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nk'iyi kugira ngo ayivure.
| Ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi | Bigenda bite kuri byo? | Ingero |
|---|---|---|
| Udukoresho two guhumeka twihuta | Iyo ufite inkorora cyangwa igituza gifunganye, bifasha inzira z'ubuhumekero kwagura kandi bigatanga ubutabazi bwihuse. Ibi kandi byitwa 'Reliever' inhaler. | Albuterol (Ventolin), Levalbuterol (Xopenex) |
| Utwuma duhumeka dukoresha uburyo bwo guhumeka | Ibi bikoreshwa buri munsi kugira ngo bigabanye ububyimbirwe mu myanya y'ubuhumekero no kurwanya asima. Ibi kandi byitwa 'Preventer'. | Beclomethasone (Qvar), Budesonide (Pulmicort), Fluticasone (Flovent) |
| Utwuma duhumeka duvanze | Ibi bihuza umuti ugenzura guhumeka n'umuti ukora igihe kirekire wongera uburyo bwo guhumeka. | Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair) |
| Ibinini byo kugenzura | Uretse imiti ihumeka, muganga wawe ashobora no kukugira inama yo gukoresha ibinini bigabanya kubyimba mu myanya y'ubuhumekero. | Montelukast (Singulair), Zafirlukast (Accolate) |
| Imiti igabanya ubwivumbure (Antihistamines) | Niba asima yawe iterwa n'ubwivumbure, ushobora guhabwa ibinini bigabanya ubwivumbure cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru. | Ibinini: Cetirizine (Zyrtec), Loratadine (Claritin) Indabyo: Fluticasone (Flonase), Mometasone (Nasonex) |
Niba guhumeka biterwa n'indwara nka bronchitis
Hari igihe, iyo ibicurane bikomeye, ubwandu bw'imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero mu bihaha (Acute Bronchite) bushobora kuvuka. Guhumeka no guhumeka bishobora kubaho. Ibi akenshi bishira ubwabyo iyo ubwandu bumaze kugabanuka.
- Ku bibazo byo guhumeka: Muganga wawe ashobora kuguha umuti utuma umuntu ahumeka vuba (urugero: Albuterol) mu gihe gito kugira ngo agufashe kubona uruhuhe.
- Antibiyotike: Antibiyotike ntabwo zikunze gutangwa ku ndwara za virusi. Ariko, antibiyotike zitangwa gusa iyo ufite indi ndwara y'ibihaha cyangwa niba muganga akeka ko ari indwara ya bagiteri.
Ni iki cyakorwa mu gihe cy'ubutabazi bwihutirwa?
Ibintu nko guhumeka nabi cyane, kutavuga nabi, cyangwa iminwa y'ubururu cyangwa inzara ni ibintu byihutirwa. Muri ibyo bihe, hamagara imbangukiragutabara ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU) ry'ibitaro biri hafi yawe. Aho ngaho, itsinda ry'abaganga rizaguha uburyo bukurikira bwo kugufasha vuba.
| Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Urushinge rwa epinephrine | Kugira ngo byihuse hafungurwe inzira z'ubuhumekero zifunganye cyane. |
| Gutanga umwuka wa ogisijeni | Kugira ngo umubiri ugumane ingano ya ogisijeni ikenewe. |
| Inshinge za Corticosteroid | Kugira ngo ugabanye vuba kubyimba gukabije mu nzira z'ubuhumekero. (urugero: Methylprednisolone) |
| Uburyo bwo kuvura Nebulizer | Guteka amazi avura ukayahumeka cyane bitanga ubutabazi bwihuse. |
| Guhuza imashini ihumeka (Mechanical Ventilator) | Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, iyo umurwayi adashobora guhumeka wenyine, guhumeka bitangwa hifashishijwe imashini. |
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kuruhuka ni ikimenyetso, si indwara. Ni ngombwa kumenya impamvu nyamukuru.
- Asima na aleriji ni bimwe mu bintu bibiri bikunze gutera guhumeka nabi.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga kugira ngo akumenye neza kandi agufashe kuvura indwara.
- Igihe guhumeka bigoranye cyane kandi ijwi rigakomera cyane ku buryo udashobora kuvuga, ni ikibazo cyihutirwa. Jya mu bitaro byita ku barwayi ba ETU ako kanya.
- Irinde gukoresha imashini y'undi muntu yo guhumeka cyangwa gufata imiti utabanje kugisha inama muganga. Uburyo uzavurwa buzaba bushingiye ku buzima bwawe.
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