Ese hari igihe wumva umwana wawe atandukanye cyane n'abandi bana? Wenda uhura n'ingorane zo gusubiza ibibazo abaza. Niba yiga ibintu vuba cyane kandi agashakisha ibintu bishya, ashobora kuba ari umwana ufite ubwenge budasanzwe. Abo bana tubita 'ubwenge'. Ariko iki si ikintu cyo gutinya. Mu by'ukuri iki ni ikibazo kidasanzwe. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku 'bwenge' icyo ari cyo n'ibiranga umwana nk'uwo.
Ni nde mu by'ukuri 'umuhanga'?
Mu magambo make, 'umuhanga' ni umuntu ufite ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo mu mutwe cyangwa mu guhanga . Mu bihe byashize, abahanga mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu bakoreshaga Intelligence Quotient (IQ) kugira ngo babipime.
Mu bihe byashize, umuntu ufite igipimo cy’ubwenge cya hafi 140 yafatwaga nk''umuhanga''. Ni ukuvuga ko umuntu umwe muri 250 ugereranije. Ariko nyuma, umushakashatsi yavuze ko igipimo cy’ubwenge cyarenze 180 ari cyo cyasabwaga. Iyo ubirebye muri ubwo buryo, umuntu umwe gusa muri miliyoni 2 ni we wafatwa nk'umuhanga.
Ariko ukuri ni uko nta gisobanuro kimwe cy'ijambo 'umuhanga'. Muri iki gihe, abaganga n'inzobere babibona nk'ijambo ryagutse rikubiyemo guhanga udushya , ubushobozi bwo gutekereza mu buryo bushya, n'ubushobozi bwo gushaka ibisubizo bishya ku bibazo. Abana bafite impano zidasanzwe nk'izo twita "Abafite impano".
Ese hari impamvu yihariye ibi bitera?
Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibaramenya neza uburyo umuntu aba umuhanga. Ariko bazi ko hari isano iri hagati y’uturemangingo . Hariho uturemangingo tumwe na tumwe tugena urwego rw’ubwenge bwacu.
Iyi ngaruka z’uturemangingo zigira ingaruka ku byo umwana akunda, ku cyizere cye, n’ibindi bimuranga. Bityo rero, utu turemangingo dushobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku kuntu yitwara neza mu kazi ko ku ishuri no mu bizamini by’ubwenge.
Ubwonko bw'umuntu w'umuhanga butandukanye koko?
Yego, gupima ubwonko byagaragaje ko hari imiterere yihariye ishobora kugaragara mu bwonko bw'abantu bafite ubwenge buhanitse.
- Ubwinshi bw'ijwi mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ubwonko: Ni ukuri ko abantu bose bafite umutwe munini batazi ubwenge. Ariko, byagaragaye ko 'abahanga' bafite igice kinini cy'ubwonko cyitwa "Gray Matter". Iki gice ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi gitunganya amakuru kandi kikagenzura ibintu nko kwibuka, kwita ku bintu, n'ururimi.
- Itumanaho ryihuse hagati y'ibice by'ubwonko:Igice cy'ubwonko cy'aba bantu cyitwa "White Matter" gikora cyane. Iki "White Matter" ni nk'umuhanda uhuza ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko. Kubera ko uru rusobe rw'imibanire rukora neza cyane, bashobora gutekereza vuba cyane kandi mu buryo bugoye.
- Ubuhanga bwo kumva no kumva neza amarangamutima: Ubwonko bw'abahanga bushobora kugira imiterere yitwa "Superstimulability." Ibi bivuze ko bushobora kumva amarangamutima y'abandi (agahinda, ibyishimo) cyane. Nubwo ibi bibafasha gusobanukirwa abandi, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ibintu birushya cyane kandi bibabaza.
Ni ibihe biranga 'ubwenge' bishobora kugaragara mu bana?
Abana bose si bamwe. Rero ntabwo ibi byose bizaba ku mwana umwe. Ariko reba niba umwana wawe afite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi.
| Akaranga | Gusobanura mu buryo bworoshye... |
|---|---|
| Kwiga vuba | Biga ingingo nshya n'ibintu bigoye vuba cyane kurusha abandi bana. Ntabwo bakeneye kubwirwa kabiri. |
| amatsiko atagira iherezo | Bahora babaza ibibazo nka "Kuki?" na "Gute?" Bashishikajwe no gusuzuma ikintu kimwe mu buryo bwimbitse. |
| Gukenera gukangurwa mu mutwe | Ubwonko bwabo buhora bukeneye imbogamizi. Sum ntakunda kuguma mu rugo . Akunda puzzles, ibitabo, n'ibikinisho bishya. |
| Kwiga birenze imyaka | Ndetse banasobanukirwa amasomo yo mu mashuri yo hejuru kurusha ayabo byoroshye. |
| Amarangamutima yimbitse n'uburyo umuntu yumva ibintu | Bafite ibyiyumvo by’abandi cyane. Bashobora kurira igihe kirekire nyuma yo kureba filime ibabaje. |
| Urwenya rukuze kurusha imyaka | Basobanukiwe urwenya abantu bakuru gusa bumva. Cyangwa bafite urwenya rudasanzwe. |
| Ubwenge buhanitse | Dushaka ibisubizo by'ibibazo bishya kandi bitunguranye. |
| Kwimenya cyane | Bafite ubumenyi bwinshi kuri bo ubwabo, ku bibera muri sosiyete, no ku isi kurusha abandi bana. |
Nkwiye gukora iki mu gihe nkeka ko umwana wanjye na we ari umwana ufite impano?
Niba ufite gushidikanya kuri ibi, ikintu cyiza cyo kubanza gukora ni ukuganira n'abarimu b'ishuri ry'umwana wawe ndetse n'umuganga w'umuryango wawe . Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, hari ibizamini byihariye byo kumenya abo bana.
Umwana nk'uyu ntashobora kwigishwa mu buryo busanzwe. Akeneye uburyo bwihariye bwo guteza imbere ubushobozi bwe. Kubwibyo, uganiriye na muganga cyangwa inzobere mu burezi, ushobora guhindura ibikorwa bye by'uburezi mu buryo bukwiriye umwana.
Ibimenyetso bigaragara ku bantu bakuru
Kimwe n'abana, abantu bakuru bafite ubwenge buhanitse nabo basangiye imico myinshi. Uretse kwiga vuba no gushishikazwa n'ingingo runaka, iyi ni imico isanzwe.
- Kugira akamenyero ko gusiga aho ukorera cyangwa aho utuye hadakora neza .
- Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amagambo bamwe bafata nk' 'amagambo mabi' neza kandi akwiye .
- Gukunda gukora nijoro aho gukora mu gitondo (Ni GH t owl).
- Gukunda kuba wenyine aho kuba ahantu hahurira abantu benshi.
- Kugira kwibuka neza cyane.
Ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ko rimwe na rimwe ubwo bwenge buhanitse bushobora kujyana n'indwara zo mu mutwe nko guhangayika. Nanone, bamwe mu bantu bafite Autism Spectrum nabo bashobora kugira ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo mu mutwe.
Igikuru ni uko ubwonko bwose, buri muntu, butandukanye. 'Genius' ni ikimenyetso gusa. Niba ufite gushidikanya ku mwana wawe cyangwa kuri wowe ubwawe, vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akumenyeshe byinshi.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- 'Genius' ntabwo igarukira gusa ku manota y'ubwenge gusa. Ni uruvange rw'ibintu byinshi, nko guhanga udushya no gutekereza byimbitse.
- Ibi bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'umubiri. Ibi bivuze ko bishobora kuragwa ku rugero runaka uhereye ku babyeyi ukagera ku bana.
- Witondere niba umwana agaragaje amatsiko adasanzwe, ubushobozi bwo kwiga vuba, cyangwa amarangamutima akomeye.
- Niba ufite gushidikanya ku bushobozi bw'umwana wawe, ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukubiganiraho n'abarimu b'ishuri ndetse na muganga wawe.
- Buri mwana ni umwihariko. Ni inshingano zacu nk'ababyeyi kumenya impano ze no kubafasha kuziteza imbere.
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