Iyo umuntu mu rugo rwawe afite ibicurane, cyangwa umuntu wo mu biro afite umuriro, nawe uhita urwara nyuma y'iminsi mike? Ni gute interuro ivuga ngo 'indwara yandura' dukunze kuvuga ko ibaho koko? Uyu munsi, turaganira gusa ku ndwara zandura, uko zikwirakwira hagati y'izindi, ziva ku nyamaswa, cyangwa ndetse no ku bintu dukoresha. Iyo tubisobanukiwe neza, biroroha cyane kuri twe ubwacu kwirinda no kwirinda abakunzi bacu.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'udukoko duto dutera indwara?
Indwara nyinshi zandura ziterwa n'utunyabuzima duto tudashobora kubona n'amaso yacu. Utu tutwita mikorobe. Zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bune bw'ingenzi.
| Ubwoko bwa mikorobe | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|
| Bagiteri | Utu ni uturemangingo duto tugizwe n'uturemangingo duto. Si bagiteri zose ari mbi. Hari bagiteri zo mu mara yacu zidufasha gusya ibiryo. Ariko hari ubwoko bumwe bushobora gutera ibintu byose kuva ku ndwara nto kugeza ku ndwara zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. |
| Virusi | Virusi si ikiremwa cyuzuye mu by'ukuri. Ni igice cy'amategeko agenga imiterere y'umubiri. Ntishobora kubaho ubwayo. Kugira ngo ikomeze kubaho, ikenera ingirabuzimafatizo nk'iyawe cyangwa iyanjye. Yinjira mu ingirabuzimafatizo, igashuka iyo ngirabuzimafatizo, igakora kopi yayo. Ibi byangiza ingirabuzimafatizo bikadutera kurwara. Ibicurane, dengue, na Covid ni indwara ziterwa na virusi. |
| Indwara z'udukoko | Aba ni abantu baba ku mubiri w'ikindi kinyabuzima kandi bakarya icyo kinyabuzima. Urugero, harimo inyamaswa nk'inda, inzoka zo mu bwoko bwa tapeworm, n'utunyabuzima duto dufite uturemangingo tumwe dutera indwara nka malariya. |
| Ibihumyo | Ibihumyo, ibihumyo, n'umusemburo ni ubwoko bw'ibihumyo. Hari ubwoko bw'ibihumyo bidutera kurwara. Ibi bihumyo ni nabyo bitera indwara z'uruhu nka ringworm, indwara z'umusemburo, n'izindi ndwara z'ubuhumekero. |
Indwara zikwirakwira mu bantu gute?
Hari uburyo bwinshi dushobora kwanduza iyi ndwara ku bandi. Tekereza uri muri bisi yuzuye abantu. Iyo umuntu ahiye, izo mikorobe zishobora kwinjira mu kirere nawe ukabasha kuzihumeka. Izi ni zimwe mu nzira.
- Guhura n'uruhu: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zandura binyuze mu gukorana n'uruhu. Udukoko dushobora kuboneka mu turemangingo tw'uruhu twapfuye tuva ku ruhu rw'umuntu ufite ubwandu. Izi ndwara zishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu gucika k'uruhu rwawe cyangwa mu ruhu nk'umunwa n'izuru.
- Imibonano mpuzabitsina : Indwara nka SIDA na syphilis zandurira mu masohoro , amazi ava mu gitsina, n'amacandwe. Izi ndwara zishobora kwandurira mu gusomana, imibonano mpuzabitsina yo mu kanwa , no mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Izi ndwara twazita indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ( STIs ).
- Mu gihe cyo kubyara: Indwara zimwe na zimwe umubyeyi utwite afite zishobora kwanduza umwana we. Ibi bishobora kubaho nubwo nyina atabizi. Udukoko dushobora kwanduza umwana mu gihe atwite, abyara, cyangwa yonsa.
- Binyuze mu mwuka: Nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere, iyo umuntu wanduye akorora, yitsamuye, cyangwa avuga, udutonyanga turimo mikorobe turekurwa mu mwuka. Iyo duhumeka uwo mwuka, iyo mikorobe yinjira mu mubiri wacu binyuze mu mazuru, mu kanwa, cyangwa mu maso.
Uburyo inyamaswa zanduza indwara
Hari indwara ziba mu nyamaswa kandi zikwirakwizwa nazo. Izi ndwara zandurira mu nyamaswa zijya ku bantu zitwa
indwara zonotic .
Tekereza, uramutse ukunze imbwa y'imbwa mu muhanda hanyuma ukayirya utabanje gukaraba intoki, mikorobe zo mu bwoya bw'inyamaswa n'amacandwe yayo zishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe.
- Kuruma no gushwanyagurika: Indwara nk'ibisazi byandurira mu kurumwa n'inyamaswa yanduye. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, udukoko nka dengue (umubu), inkende, n'uduheri bishobora kwanduzanya iyo byakuyemo umugera mu nyamaswa bikaruma umuntu.
- Gusohokana n'inyamaswa:Udukoko dushobora kuboneka mu myanda y'amatungo, mu nkari, mu macandwe no mu maraso. Ushobora kwandura iyi ndwara ukoresheje gukora ku nyamaswa, mu bwoya bwayo, cyangwa mu bwoya bwayo.
- Kurya ibikomoka ku matungo: Iyo inyama n'amafi bitetse neza, ubushyuhe bwica mikorobe. Ariko, kurya inyama mbisi n'amagi bishobora gutuma bagiteri zibirimo zinjira mu mubiri zigatera indwara.
Ese dushobora kwanduza indwara binyuze mu bintu dukoresha?
Yego rwose. Mikorobe nyinshi zishobora kubaho ku bintu bidafite ubuzima mu gihe cy'amasaha menshi, rimwe na rimwe iminsi. Iyo dukoze kuri ubwo buso hanyuma tugakora ku munwa, ku mazuru, cyangwa mu maso, tuba dufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara.
Ahantu hakunze kubaho mikorobe ni:- Ingufuri n'ibikoresho by'inzugi
- Imbuto n'imboga bitakaraba neza
- Amazi mabi
- Ibikoresho byo mu gikoni (imbaho, ibyuma)
- Imyenda n'ibitanda
- Ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi
None se, twakwirinda gute ikwirakwira ry'izi ndwara?
Ibi ntabwo bigoye nkuko wabitekereza. Dukoresheje ingeso nke zoroshye za buri munsi, dushobora kubona uburinzi bukomeye kuri izi ndwara zandura.
Imyitozo ngororamubiri mu buryo butekanye
Gukoresha agakingirizo buri gihe ukoze imibonano mpuzabitsina bishobora kugufasha kwirinda
indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina . Ni byiza kandi kwipimisha indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zisanzwe. Ushobora kumenya byinshi kuri ibi kwa
muganga wawe.
Gukingirwa
Inkingo zitoza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu kurwanya mikorobe itera indwara mbere yuko iba. Hanyuma, iyo mikorobe yinjiye mu mubiri koko, umubiri wacu uzabasha kuyirwanya. Nanone, iyo ukingishijwe, amahirwe yo kwanduza undi muntu aragabanuka.
Buri gihe komeza kugira amaboko meza!
Gukaraba intoki n'isabune ni bwo buryo bwiza kandi bworoshye bwo kwica mikorobe.
Dukorakora mu maso incuro amagana ku munsi tutabizi. Ubwo ni bwo buryo bworoshye bwo gutuma mikorobe ziri mu biganza byacu zigera ku mibiri yacu. Bityo, karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi buri gihe. Koresha
umuti wica udukoko mu ntoki iyo isabune n'amazi bitaboneka.
Upfuke umunwa wawe igihe ukorora no kwitsamura.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura kuruta gupfuka umunwa n'intoki ni ugupfuka umunwa n'izuru imbere mu nkokora yawe. Muri ubwo buryo, mikorobe ntizigera ku biganza byawe kandi nkeya zigasohoka mu kirere.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara zandura ziterwa n'udukoko tutagaragara nka bagiteri na virusi.
- Ibi bishobora gukwirakwizwa binyuze mu gukorakora, umwuka, inyamaswa, n'ibintu byanduye dukoresha.
- Ingeso zoroshye nko gukaraba intoki kenshi, gukingirwa, no gupfuka umunwa igihe urimo gukorora bishobora kugabanya cyane ikwirakwira ry'indwara.
- Niba ukeka ibimenyetso cyangwa ubwandu, hita ubonana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama.
Indwara zandura, indwara zandura, mikorobe, bagiteri, virusi, kwirinda indwara, ingeso z'ubuzima
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