Chiremba anoteerera chii achishandisa stethoscope? Ngatidzidzei chaizvo nezve auscultation!

Pamwe wakamboona chiremba paunoenda kuna chiremba, uye vanoisa chinhu chidiki ichocho chinotonhora pachipfuva chako, kumusana, kana mudumbu voteerera kwenguva yakati. Tinochidana kuti stethoscope. Asi wakambozvibvunza here kuti sei vachiita izvozvo, zvavanonzwa, zvavanowana kubva mumanzwi iwayo? Ndizvo zvatichataura nezvazvo nhasi. Mukurapa, izvi zvinonzi "Auscultation." Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuteerera manzwi anobva mukati memuviri.

Zvinorevei chaizvo kuteerera muviri? (Auscultation)

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ``(Auscultation)`` zvinoreva kana chiremba achishandisa stethoscope kuti anzwe manzwi akasiyana anobva mukati memoyo wako, mapapu , mitsipa mikuru yeropa (tsinga), uye dumbu. Chiremba anoteerera manzwi aya nekuisa stethoscope zvakananga pachipfuva chako, mutsipa, musana, uye dumbu. Anoteerera zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semanzwi akasiyana, hunhu hwawo, ruzha rwawo, uye kuti anoitika riini.

Fungidzira, ichi chinhu chiri nyore kwazvo chisingakuvadzi muviri chero nenzira ipi zvayo . Kutaura zvazviri, iyi inzira yekare kwazvo, asi inoshanda zvikuru iyo vanachiremba vachiri kushandisa nanhasi kuti vazive nezvehutano hwako. Iyi ibvunzo inoitwa pasina kuisa chero chinhu mumuviri (isingapindi).

Chiremba anoteerera seizvi riini?

Kuvhiya kunowanzoitwa sechikamu chekuongororwa kwemuviri nguva dzose, kungave uchishanyira chiremba wako gore rega rega kana chero chimwe chirwere. Vanachiremba vanoda kunzwa ruzha kubva mutsinga dzeropa , kufema , uye gastrointestinal system yako kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti vari kushanda nemazvo. Izvi zvinogona kuvabatsira kunzwisisa hutano hwako hwese, kuona chero mamiriro ehutano aripo, kana kusimbisa chirwere chinofungidzirwa.

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuteerera nhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri, handiti?

Ehe, maitiro anoita chiremba "(Auscultation)" anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemuviri waari kuteerera. Ngatitarisei nzira huru.

Kuteerera kumwoyo (Heart Auscultation)

Mubvunzo uyu, chiremba anoteerera manzwi anobva pamoyo wako. Izvi zvinonziwo "Cardiac Auscultation". Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nekukuita kuti ugare wakatwasuka pachigaro kana kurara pamubhedha wakakotama nemadhigirii makumi mana nemashanu. Dzimwe nguva ungakumbirwa kuti utendeukire kuruboshwe zvishoma, kuitira kuti manzwi emwoyo anzwike zvakajeka.

Chiremba achaisa stethoscope pachipfuva chako oteerera manzwi emwoyo wako. Pane nzvimbo shanu dzakatarwa pachipfuva chako apo manzwi anobva mumavharuvhu emwoyo anonyanya kunzwika. Stethoscope ichaiswa munzvimbo imwe neimwe yeizvi zvichitevedzana. Nzvimbo idzi dzinowanzo kuwanikwa kumusoro kuruboshwe rwechipfuva chako.

Kana chiremba akateerera kurira kwemoyo, anotsvaga zvinotevera:

• Nguva: Kuti mwoyo wako unorova kangani ( kurova kwemoyo ).
• Kusimba: Kuti mwoyo unorova sei.
• Kuwanda: Kupinza kweruzha, kana kuti runonzi "pitch" sei.
• Nguva: Kurova kwemoyo kamwe chete kunogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Kuteerera mapapu (Lung Auscultation)

Mukuita izvi, chiremba anoteerera ruzha runobva mumapapu ako. Izvi zvinoitwa nekukuita kuti ugare wakatwasuka, kana zvichibvira. Chiremba anoisa stethoscope pachipfuva chako uye anokukumbira kuti ufeme zvakadzama nemuromo wako. Zvadaro, stethoscope inotamiswa kuenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana mumapapu ako dzinonzi ``Pulmonary Auscultation Points''. Chiremba anoteerera ruzha runobva pamusoro pemapapu ako, achienzanisa kumativi ese.

Mushure mekunzwa ruzha rwemapapu kubva kumberi kwemuviri wako, chiremba anoisa stethoscope kumusana wako. Sezvaimboitwa kare, vanoteerera kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, kurutivi rumwe nerumwe, uye vanoteerera mweya wakazara (kutenderera kwekufema-kwekufema) panzvimbo imwe chete. Zvadaro, vanoenzanisa ruzha rwunonzwiwa kubva kumberi nenzwi rinonzwiwa kubva kumashure.

Pakuteerera ruzha rwemapapu, chiremba achateerera zvinotevera:

• Nguva: Nguva yaunotora kuti ufeme uye ubvise mweya.
• Kuwanda: Kupinza kweruzha (pitch).
• Amplitude: Kunzwika kwemhepo ine ruzha (ruzha/simba).
• Hunhu: Pane ruzha rusina kujairika here, semuenzaniso, kufemera pamusoro ?

Kuteerera tsinga huru dzeropa (Arteries)

Kana zvichidikanwa, chiremba anogonawo kuteerera tsinga huru dzeropa (tsinga) dziri mumutsipa wako, mudumbu, uye muitsvo .

Pano, chiremba anotarisa zvinhu izvi:

• Ruzha: Uku kurira kusina kunaka, kunokonzereswa neropa richiyerera nemutsinga yeropa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ropa harisi kufamba zvakanaka nemutsinga yeropa, zvichida nekuda kwekuvharika. Zvinogonawo kuva chiratidzo chekuti ropa rinosvika kune chimwe chikamu chemuviri raderera.
• Kusimba kwemoyo: Tarisa kana kurova kwemoyo wako kusina simba kana kuti kusina. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti une tsinga yakavharika.

Kunzwa kwedumbu

Mubvunzo uyu, chiremba anoteerera ruzha rwunobva muura hwako. Izvi zvinoitwa nekukurara zvakanaka pamubhedha uine piro pasi pemusoro wako. Unogonawo kutsigirwa zvishoma pasi pemabvi ako kuti zvinyatsonaka.

Chiremba anoisa stethoscope padumbu rako oiendesa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzedumbu rako kuti anzwe ruzha rwunobva mudumbu rako.

Pakunzwa ruzha rwemudumbu, vanachiremba vanotsvaga:

• Kuvapo: Kuti ruzha rwunonzwika here kana kuti kwete kubva mudumbu.
• Huwandu: Kana ruzha rwukanzwika, kuti runonzwika kangani.
• Hunhu: Kuti ruzha rune hunhu hwakasiyana here kana kuti haruna kujairika.

Vanachiremba vanonzwisisa chii kubva mumanzwi aya?

Zvakanaka, ngationei kuti vanachiremba vanowana chii kubva mumanzwi ari kunzwika munzvimbo imwe neimwe.

Zvinhu zvinotaurwa kuburikidza nemanzwi emwoyo

Mwoyo wakajairika, une hutano unonzwika murwiyo rwakasimba, rwekuti "lub-dub". Ruzha rwekutanga runonzi `(S1)` uye rwechipiri runonzi `(S2)`. Ruzha urwu runonzwikwa nachiremba wako kana mavharuvhu emwoyo wako avhara.

Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva unogona kunzwa ruzha rusina kujairika seizvi:

• Kugunun'una: Aya manzwi asingawanzonzwiki anogona kunzwika mwoyo uchirova. Akaita se "ruzha rwekutsvedza" runogadzirwa nerukova rwemvura runoyerera zvishoma nezvishoma. Anokonzerwa nekuyerera kweropa kusina kugadzikana sezvo ropa richiyerera nemumavharuvhu emoyo. Kune mhando dzakawanda dze "kugunun'una", uye dzimwe dzinogona kuva chiratidzo chechirwere chemwoyo chakakomba.
• Kukweshana kwePericardial Friction Rub: Uku kurira kwakanyanya, kunokweshana. Kunonzwika sezvidimbu zviviri zveganda zvinokweshana. Izvi zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chechirwere chemwoyo chinonzi ``pericarditis.''
• Kurova Kwemwoyo Kusina Kunaka: Mienzaniso inosanganisira `(Atrial Fibrillation)` (kurova kwemoyo kusingawanzoitiki), `(Tachycardia)` (kurova kunopfuura 100 paminiti), uye `(Bradycardia)` (kurova kusingasviki 60 paminiti).

Zvinhu zvekutaura nezvemanzwi emapapu

Ruzha rwakajairika rwunonzwikwa kubva kumativi akasiyana emapapu ako rwakasiyanawo zvishoma. Asi, kazhinji, mapapu ane hutano ane ruzha rwakapfava, rusina chinhu. Chiremba wako achanzwa ruzha urwu paunofema.

Zvisinei, unogona zvakare kunzwa manzwi asina kujairika akadai seaya:

• Stridor: Ruzha urwu runoitika kana paine kuvharika kwenzira yako yekufema yepamusoro. Inzwi guru, rakakwirira, uye rakapinza. Rinogona kukonzerwa ne epiglottitis, anaphylaxis (allergy yakanyanya), kana kusashanda zvakanaka kwezwi.
• Fema:Ruzha urwu rwemuridzo runoitika kana nzira dzekufema dzave shoma. Ruzha rwakanyanya, rwemuridzo. Runogona kureva kuti mapapu ako haasi kuzadzwa nemhepo zvachose nekuda kwechimwe chinhu chakaita semamucus. Izvi zvinogona kunzwika mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai se `(Asthma)` (asthma), `(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - COPD)` (pulmonary edema)` (fluid mumapapu).
• Rhonchi: Ruzha urwu runokonzerwa nekuvharika kwenzira dzekufema. Rwakafanana nekungonorera. Runonzwika mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai se `(Pneumonia)` (Pneumonia), `(COPD)`, `(Cystic Fibrosis)`.
• Kutsemuka/Kutsemuka: Izvi zvinonzwika sebvudzi rinokweshana. Zvinoitika kana mvura yaungana mumhepo inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwemapapu, hwakadai sepneumonia, kana chirwere chemwoyo chakadai sekushaya simba kwemoyo.
• Kukwesha kwePleural: Izvi zvinonzwika sekukweshana kwejecha pamwe chete. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti nyama dzakatenderedza mapapu ako dzakatsamwa. Izvi zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chechirwere chakadai se pleurisy, pneumothorax, kana pleural effusion.
• Kurira: Izvi zvinonziwo kurira kwemuridzo mupfupi kana kuti kurira kwezwi. Ruzha urwu runogona kukonzerwa nekuchinja kwenzira dzekufema. Runonzwika semusanganiswa wekufemera nekuputika. Runogona kuva chiratidzo chezvirwere zvakaita se `(Pulmonary Fibrosis)`, `(Bronchiolitis)`, `(Pneumonia)`.

Fungidzira, manzwi ese aya akafanana nemanzwi anobva kuzviridzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zviri muboka remimhanzi riri mumuviri wako. Dzimwe nguva, chimwe chezviridzwa izvozvo chinogona kunge chiri chipukanana. Chipukanana ichocho ndicho chiri kubatwa nachiremba.

Zvinhu zvinotaurwa kuburikidza nekurira kwemudumbu

Ruzha rwakajairika uye rune hutano mudumbu ruzha rwakaderera, runotinhira. Ruzha urwu runowanzonzwika masekondi mashanu kusvika gumi ega ega. Zvinoreva kuti chikafu chiri kufamba nemudumbu mako uye kuti kugaya kwako (GI Tract) kuri kushanda zvakanaka.

Kana chiremba akateerera ruzha rwemudumbu, anotarisa zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvakaita se:

• Kurasikirwa neruzha: Kana usinganzwe ruzha rwunobva muura hwako kweanopfuura maminitsi maviri, zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chechirwere chinonzi ``Ileus.'' Apa ndipo apo zviri mukati meura zvinoungana uye ura hunomira kufamba kwenguva pfupi.
• Kuderera kweruzha: Kana ruzha rwunonzwikwa kubva muura rwakanyarara, kana rwuri rwakaderera zvakanyanya, zvinogona kureva kuti mashandiro eura aderera, kana kuti une ``(Constipation)```.
• Ruzha rwakawanda: Kana ukanzwa ruzha rukuru, ruchibuda mudumbu mako, zvinogona kureva kuti ura hwako huri kushanda nesimba, kana kuti une manyoka.
• Kugunun'una kana ruzha rwakakwirira: Kana ukanzwa ruzha rwakanyanya ruchibva mudumbu mako, unogona kunge uine dambudziko rematumbu.

Chii chinonzi "Triangle of Auscultation" iyi?

Izvi zvinonzwisisika zvishoma panyaya dzekurapa, asi zviri nyore kunzwisisa. "Triangle of Auscultation" inzvimbo diki iri kumusana wako. Apa ndipo panosangana tsandanyama nhatu dziri kumusana wako (trapezius, latissimus dorsi, uye scapula). Paunobatanidza maoko ako pachipfuva chako wokotama mberi, tsandanyama idzi dzinotambanuka uye dzinova dzakatetepa. Nzvimbo iyi ine mativi matatu inobva yaonekwa. Kana chiremba akabata stethoscope panzvimbo iyi, ruzha rwunobva mumapapu ako runogona kunzwika zvakajeka.

Ndedzipi nzvimbo shanu huru dzekuteerera mwoyo?

Kune nzvimbo huru shanu dzinoteererwa navanachiremba vachishandisa stethoscope kuti vaongorore hutano hwemwoyo. Idzi dziri munzvimbo dzakatarwa dzechipfuva, dzine chekuita nemavharuvhu emwoyo.

Vari:

• Nzvimbo yeAortic: Iyi iri kurudyi kwepfupa rechipfuva chako (sternum), pakati pembabvu yechipiri neyechitatu.
• Nzvimbo yePulmonic: Iyi iriwo kurudyi, se great aorta, asi kuruboshwe.
• Erb's Point: Iri riri kuruboshwe rwemuviri, munzvimbo iri pakati pembabvu yechitatu neyechina. (Mamwe maMurmurs anogona kunzwika zvakanyanya kubva munzvimbo iyi.)
• Nzvimbo yeTricuspid: Iyi iri pakati pembabvu yechina neyechishanu.
• Nzvimbo yeMitral: Iyi iri pamusoro pemoyo, ndiko kuti, padanho repasi pemoyo.

Saka, chii chatinofanira kudzidza kubva pane izvi?

Ungasazviziva, asi muviri wako unogara uchigadzira manzwi. Zvakaita se symphony yemuviri! Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva zvimwe zve "zviridzwa zvemimhanzi" izvi zvinogona kunge zvisina kunaka. Manzwi asina kunaka, kureva kuti, manzwi asina kujairika, anogona kuudza chiremba zvakawanda nezvehutano hwako. Kana kuti, vanogona kuvapa zviratidzo zvekuongorora chirwere nekuita mimwe miedzo.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, kana chiremba akateerera muviri wako nenzira iyi ndokuwana chimwe chinhu chisingawanzoitiki, usatya kubvunza mibvunzo nezvazvo. Ikodzero yako kukumbira kujekeserwa kuti chii, nei chiri kuitika, uye zvekuita zvinotevera.

Saka, nguva inotevera chiremba paanoisa stethoscope mumuviri wako oteerera, unoziva kuti vari kuita chimwe chinhu chakakosha!

Kunzwa kwemoyo , stethoscope, ruzha rwemoyo, ruzha rwemapapu, ruzha rwemudumbu, kuongororwa kwezvirwere, bvunzo dzekurapa, kuongororwa kwehutano