Wakambokumbira mwana wako kuti aite chimwe chinhu here, uye mukati memaminitsi mashoma, mwana wako anobvunza zvakare kuti, "Amai/Baba vakati chii?"? Kana kuti, anotanga kuita chirongwa chechikoro obva aita seakarasika here? Ichi chiitiko chinozivikanwa nevabereki vazhinji. Chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zveizvi chingave kusasimba mu'ndangariro yekushanda' yemwana. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pakati pevana vane attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Chii chinonzi 'Kushanda Nendangariro'?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Working Memory inzvimbo yekurangarira yenguva pfupi iri muuropi hwedu. Zvakafanana nemabhuku nemapeni atinochengeta padhesiki kwenguva pfupi. Patinoita chimwe chinhu, tinochengeta rumwe ruzivo rwatinoda kwenguva pfupi torushandisa kusvika basa rapera. Semuenzaniso, unoudza mwana wako kuti, "Enda mukamuri unotora bhuku rebhuruu riri padhesiki." Mwana anoyeuka murairo uyu, anoenda mukamuri, anotarisa padhesiki, anosarudza bhuku rebhuruu, uye anokuunzira, achishandisa Working Memory yake.
Usavhiringidze izvi nekurangarira kwenguva refu. Kuyeuka kwenguva refu kwakafanana nekabati hombe mumba medu. Zvese zvatinodzidza, zvese zvatinosangana nazvo zvinochengetwa imomo. Kana ndangariro yekushanda isina simba, zvinogona kuoma kuendesa ruzivo rutsva kune iyi ndangariro yenguva refu.
Kune mwana ane dambudziko rekurangarira kushanda zvakanaka ,
- Zvakaoma kutarisisa.
- Zvakaoma kurangarira uye kutevera mirairo yakapihwa.
- Kukanganwa matanho echikoro nemasvomhu.
- Paunoverenga nyaya, unokanganwa zvawaverenga pakutanga.
- Dzimwe nguva vanokanganwa zvavakatanga.
Dambudziko iri, seADHD, kana rikabatanidzwa nekutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemuviri, rinogona kukanganisa zvikuru mabasa emwana ezuva nezuva. Basa remuviri rakafanana ne "maneja" ari muuropi hwedu. Rinodzora kuronga, kuronga, uye kuisa zvinhu pakutanga.
Asi mashoko akanaka ndeekuti kurangarira zvinhu kunogona kudzidziswa uye kuvandudzwa, sechidimbu chenyama. Ngatitaurei nezvenzira dziri nyore uye dzinoshanda dzekubatsira nazvo.
Ngativandudzei ndangariro kuburikidza nemitambo.
Unyanzvi uhwu hunogona kuvandudzwa kuburikidza nemitambo inonakidza inotambwa pamwe chete nemwana wako.
- Mitambo yemakadhi: mitambo yekufananidza nhamba, mitambo yekurangariraZvinhu zvakaita semitambo yemakadhi zvinobatsira zvikuru. Muizvi, mwana anofanira kurangarira mitemo, kurangarira kadhi raanoda, uye kurangarira makadhi api akamboshandiswa nevamwe vanhu.
- Kutamba nemazwi: Paunenge uri mumotokari, dzidzira kutaura mabhii nenhamba dziri papureti remotokari zvakatevedzana. Kutanga, taura iwe pachako, wobva waita kuti mwana wako ataurewo. Izvi zvichavandudza hunyanzvi hwekuteerera nekurangarira.
- "Ndakaenda kuchitoro..." mutambo: Unoti, "Ndakaenda kuchitoro kunotenga chingwa." Tevere, mwana anofanira kuti, "Ndakaenda kuchitoro kunotenga chingwa nebhota." Zvakanakawo kuita majana ekuunganidza chinhu chimwe nechimwe uye kuchitaura kubva mundangariro.
Rega mwana akudzidzise.
Iyi inzira yakanaka kwazvo. Kana mwana achida kudzidzisa mumwe munhu chimwe chinhu, anofanira kutanga achengeta ruzivo mumusoro make, orunzwisisa zvakanaka, uye ozoshandisa ruzivo irworwo kutungamira mumwe munhu.
Saka kana mwana wako akadzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva, sekuita nhamba iri nyore, mutsetse wenhetembo, kana kuti kukwesha bhora, mukumbire kuti akudzidzise. Paunotaura chimwe chinhu chakadai sekuti , "Ndiudzewo izvi, mwanakomana/mwanasikana, handina kunyatsonzwisisa," vachafara kuzviita. Izvi hazvingoiti kuti ndangariro yavo yekushanda ive kurovedza muviri kwakanaka chete, asiwo zvinovaka chivimbo chavo.
Yeuka, kudzidzisa chimwe chinhu ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuchidzidza.
Dzimwe nzira dzinoshanda dzekubatsira
Kuwedzera zvinhu izvi muhupenyu hwemwana wako hwezuva nezuva kunogona kuita mutsauko mukuru.
Ngatikubatsirei kurangarira zvamakaverenga.
Kana mwana wako achiverenga bhuku kana chidzidzo, mukurudzire kuti averenge achishingaira pane kungoverengawo.
- Vakumbire kuti vanyore pasi zvikamu zvavanofunga kuti zvakakosha.
- Vakumbire kuti vashandise ma highlighter kuti vasimbise mazwi akakosha.
- Mukumbire kuti akuudze zvaanzwisisa kubva muchikamu chaakaverenga.
- Dzidzira kunyora manotsi mapfupi mubhuku diki remabhuku.
Zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira kuti ruzivo rwuchengetwe muuropi, pane kungopfuura nemumaziso chete.
Shandisa mifananidzo nemirairo iri nyore.
Kune vana vane matambudziko ekurangarira zvinhu, mifananidzo nemazita akafanana neshamwari dzepamwoyo. Ngationei kuti tingazvishandisa sei.
| Dambudziko (zvinokanganikwa nemwana) | Rubatsiro rwekuona runogona kuwanikwa |
|---|---|
| Ndinokanganwa kumuka mangwanani ndogadzirira zvakanaka. | Dhirowa/dhinda mifananidzo yezvinhu zvaunofanira kuita nguva dzose (kukwesha mazino ako, kugeza kumeso kwako, kupfeka) woinamira pamadziro ari mumba mako. |
| Kukanganwa kuita basa rechikoro. | Nyora "rondedzero yezvekuita" pafiriji kana padhesiki rake. Muudze kuti aise chiratidzo pamabasa aapedza. |
| Kana ukapa mazano akawanda panguva imwe chete, unokanganwa zvese. | Ipa mirairo imwe neimwe. Kamura mirairo kuita zvidimbu, sekuti "Tanga wapfeka shangu dzako. Kana wapedza, dzoka utore bhodhoro rako remvura." |
| Paunotanga kushanda pabasa guru, unorasika. | Kamura basa racho kuita nhanho diki. 1. Tsvaga ruzivo. 2. Gadzira hurongwa hwakaoma. 3. Tanga kunyora. Nenzira iyi, kana wapedza danho rimwe, enda kune rinotevera. |
Ngatigadzirei tsika.
Kugara uchiita zvinhu nenzira yakanaka yekuderedza mutoro wekurangarira zvinhu. Kana ukaita chimwe chinhu panguva imwe chete zuva nezuva, nenzira imwe chete, mwana wako haafanire kufunga nezvazvo. Zvinongoitika chete.
- Maitiro emangwanani: Ita zvinhu zvakafanana zuva nezuva, kubva panguva yaunomuka kusvika wagadzirira kuenda kuchikoro.
- Ronga zvinhu zvaunoita paunosvika kumba kubva kuchikoro: Gadzirira nguva dzose zvinhu zvakaita sekwekubvisa shangu dzako, kwekuisa bhegi rako, nguva yekuchinja mbatya, nguva yekutamba kwenguva yakati, uye nguva yekuita basa rechikoro.
- Unogona zvakare kutaura nemudzidzisi wechikoro chako nezveizvi wokumbira rubatsiro pakugadzira maitiro madiki ekudzidza mukirasi.
Deredza zvinokanganisa
Kana mwana ari kudzidza kana kuita basa rechikoro, TV, foni, nezvimwe zvinomuvhiringidza zvinowedzera kushushikana pakurangarira kwake basa. Zvakakosha zvikuru kugadzira nzvimbo yakanyarara uye yakarongeka sezvinobvira.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuyeuka zvinhu kwakakosha pakudzidza uye pamabasa ezuva nezuva. Kunogonawo kuvandudzwa nekudzidzira .Kugona.
- Zvinhu zviri nyore zvakaita semitambo inonakidza, maitiro ekuita zvinhu, mapikicha, uye runyorwa rwezvinhu zvinogona kubatsira mwana wako zvikuru .
- Usape mirairo mikuru, yakaoma kana mabasa panguva imwe chete. Gara uchiaparadzanisa kuita matanho madiki, anogoneka.
- Mwoyo murefu wakakosha zvikuru parwendo urwu. Usatarisira mhedzisiro neusiku humwe chete. Koshesa uye kurudzira mwana wako, kunyangwe kana kuri kufambira mberi kudiki.
- Kana, pasinei nekuedza nzira idzi, uchiri kunetseka nezvematambudziko emwana wako ekurangarira, kutarisisa, kana kudzidza, usatya kutaura nachiremba wemhuri yako . Vachakwanisa kukupa gwara rakakodzera.
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