Wakambonzwa kusagadzikana kusinganzwisisike kwakakuita kuti usakwanise kugara panzvimbo imwe chete kwenguva pfupi here? Unonzwa kuda kufamba-famba uchizunza makumbo ako nguva dzese uchinzwa kusagadzikana kunobva mukati mako here? Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri mhedzisiro yemushonga wauri kutora. Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere ichi (Akathisia). Usatya, zvakakosha kuziva izvi.
Chii ichi (Akathisia)? Ngatichinzwisise zviri nyore.
Akathisia chaizvoizvo muunganidzwa wezviratidzo zvine chekuita netsinga dzemuviri nepfungwa (`(Neuropsychiatric syndrome)`). Zvakare, chirwere chekufamba. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakaoma zvikuru kugara pasi kana kuramba wakadzikama nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwakanyanya kunobva mukati. Izwi rekuti "akathisia" rinobva mumutauro wechiGiriki, zvichireva "kusakwanisa kugara". Chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika kana uchishandisa mimwe mishonga, kunyanya mishonga ye`(Antipsychotic)` kana`(Neuroleptic)` inoshandiswa pakurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa. Kwete izvozvo chete, ichi (akathisia) chinogonawo kubatanidzwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvakaita se`(Parkinson's disease)`. Munhu ane (akathisia) anonzwa kusagadzikana kukuru uye kusagadzikana mukati. Ndokusaka aine chishuwo chikuru chekufamba-famba nguva dzose, kunyanya kufambisa makumbo ake. Kazhinji mafambiro aya anoitwa nenzira imwechete kakawanda (`repetitive`). Chido ichi chisingadzoreki chekufamba chinogona kunetsa zvikuru. Vanachiremba vanopatsanura chirwere ichi (akathisia) mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nekuti zviratidzo zvinotanga riini uye kuti zvinogara kwenguva yakareba sei.
- Akathisia inorwadza: Izvi zvinowanzoitika mumazuva ekutanga mushure mekutanga mushonga, kunyanya mushonga wekurwisa pfungwa, kana kana mushonga wacho wawedzerwa. Zvinogara kwenguva isingasviki mwedzi mitanhatu.
- Akathisia Isingaperi: Rudzi urwu rweakathisia runoitika kana zviratidzo zvikagara kwemwedzi inopfuura mitanhatu. Inogona kugara kwemwedzi kana kutosvika makore.
- Tardive akathisia: Izvi zvinoitika mushure mekutanga mimwe mishonga, kuwedzera dosage, kana kutoti mwedzi mitatu gare gare. Zvinowanzobatanidzwa nechimwe chirwere chekufamba chinonzi tardive dyskinesia.
- Kubvisa mishonga: Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana mushonga wemamwe mishonga ukaderedzwa kana kumira zvachose.
Akathisia yakafanana here neAnxiety?
Kwete, musavhiringidza zvinhu zviviri izvi. Akathisia nekuzvidya mwoyo zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana. Akathisia chirwere chekufamba, nepo kuzvidya mwoyo chirwere chepfungwa. Zvisinei, zvinogona kunge zvakafanana. Semuenzaniso, kushaya zororo, uye kutadza kudzora pfungwa nemaitiro emunhu. Zvisinei, chinhu chikuru cheakathisia kuda kufamba nguva dzose kusingadzoreki. Zviratidzo zvinobva pakutya kana kuzvidya mwoyo hazviwanzoitiki. Zvisinei, zvakajairika kuti vanhu vane akathisia vanzwe kuzvidya mwoyo uye kushushikana nekuda kwechido ichi chisingadzoreki chekufamba.
Zvinosuwisa kuti chirwere ichi (Akathisia) chinowanzoonekwa zvisizvo sekuzvidya mwoyo kunoramba kuripo uye/kana kusagadzikana.
Akathisia yakajairika zvakadii?
Akathisia ndiyo chirwere chinowanzo shandiswa pakurapa chirwere chepfungwa, kunyanya mishonga yekurapa pfungwa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vanosvika 24% vane
chirwere chepfungwa vanotora mishonga yechirwere ichi vane akathisia. Mune imwe ongororo, 39% yevanhu vanotora clozapine uye 45% yevanhu vanotora mishonga yekurapa pfungwa yechizvarwa chekutanga (FGA) vaiva neakathisia.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve (Akathisia)?
Zviratidzo zveAkathisia zvinowanzoonekwa mushure mekunge watanga kutora mushonga wekurwisa pfungwa, kana mushure mekunge chiremba wako awedzera mushonga wacho. Chiratidzo chikuru
kunzwa kusagadzikana, kana kuvhunduka . Vanhu vane akathisia vanonzwa kuda kukuru kuzunza miviri yavo, kunyanya makumbo avo, kubva muchiuno kusvika muzvitsitsinho zvavo. Kana uine akathisia, unogona kuita zvinhu izvi:
- Ndinogara ndichiyambuka makumbo angu ndozoatwasanudza zvakare.
- Makumbo angu anoramba achifamba-famba ndakagara.
- Kana wakamira, unotamisa huremu kubva pagumbo rimwe kuenda kune rimwe.
- Ndinozununguka ndichidzokera shure ndigere.
- Vanogara vachifamba-famba vachidzokera shure, kana kuti vakamira panzvimbo imwe chete vachinyepedzera kufamba-famba.
Kune mumwe munhu, zviratidzo nemafambiro aya zvinogona kuita semunhu anogara achingotenderera uye asingakwanise kugara akanyarara.
Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako nekukurumidza. Zvinonzwa sei kuva ne (Akathisia)?
Vanhu vane Akathisia vanowanzo tsanangura kunzwa kusagadzikana kwakasimba kwemukati uye kuda kufamba kusingadzoreki. Vanowanzo tsanangura kunzwa kusagadzikana uye kusakwanisa kuzorora. Vanogonawo kunzwa kusagadzikana pavanenge vachida kuramba vakamira, semumutsara. Kusagadzikana uku kwemukati kunowanzoita kuti vanhu vane Akathisia vanzwe kushushikana uye kuora mwoyo. Akathisia yakareba inoti,
Zvakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera kwenjodzi yekuzvikuvadza kana kuzviuraya. Kana uri kufunga kuzviuraya kana kuti uchida kuzvikuvadza, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveAkathisia?
Masayendisiti haasati aziva chikonzero chaicho cheakathisia. Asi vanofunga kuti imhaka yekuti mimwe mishonga inovhara mareceptor ari muuropi anogamuchira kemikari inonzi dopamine. Dopamine ineurotransmitter, kemikari inobatsira pamabasa akawanda akakosha emuviri, kusanganisira kufamba kwedu. Kuvharika uku kunokonzera kufamba kusingadzoreki. Kune mishonga yakati wandei inobatanidzwa neakathisia: Akathisia inobatanidzwawo nezvimwe zvirwere zvehutano:- Chirwere cheParkinson .
- Kutapukirwa/ kuzvimba kweuropi (`Encephalitis`).
- Kukuvara mumusoro (Kukuvara kwehuropi kwakakuvara - TBI).
Mishonga yeAntipsychotic inobatanidzwa neAkathisia
Akathisia ndiyo chirwere chinowanzo shandiswa pakurapa psychotic. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanoti akathisia inokonzerwa nepsychotic. Mishonga yeantipsychotic, kana kuti neuroleptics, inowira muzvikamu zviviri zvikuru:- Chizvarwa chekutanga kana kuti "chaicho" antipsychotics (FGA).
- Chizvarwa chechipiri kana kuti "zvakasiyana" `(Antipsychotics - SGA)`.
Akathisia inowanzobatanidzwa nemishonga iri mukirasi ye`(FGA)`, kunyanya iyo ine simba uye inoshandiswa muhuwandu hwakawanda. Njodzi yacho yakaderera zvishoma nemishonga ye`(SGA)`. Vanachiremba vanopa mishonga iyi ye`(FGA)` uye `(SGA)` yezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfungwa. Semuenzaniso:- Kukanganisika kwemaitiro mu dementia.
- Dambudziko reBipolar.
- Kuora mwoyo.
- Matambudziko ekudya.
- Dambudziko rekuzvidya mwoyo rakajairika.
- Kushaya hope .
- Dambudziko rekufunga-kumanikidza (`Obsessive-compulsive disorder -OCD ).
- Kusagadzikana kwehunhu.
- Dambudziko rekushungurudzika mushure mekutambudzika (PTSD).
Chirwere cheSchizoaffective . Schizophrenia nezvimwe zvirwere zvine chekuita nazvo.
Mienzaniso yemimwe mishonga yeFGA (ine mazita emhando) inogona kunge yakabatana neAkathisia:- "Chlorpromazine (Thorazine®)"
- `Fluphenazine (Prolixin®)`
- `Haloperidol (Haldol®)`
- `Loxapine (Loxitane®)`
- "Prochlorperazine (Compro®, Compazine®)"
Mimwe yemishonga yeSGA iri panjodzi yakakura yeAkathisia inosanganisira:- `Paliperidone (Invega®)`
- `Ziprasidone (Geodon®)`
Mishonga yekuderedza kushushikana ine chekuita neAkathisia
Kunyange zvazvo isiri mishonga inowanzoshandiswa semishonga yekurwisa pfungwa, mimwe mishonga yekuora mwoyo yakabatanidzwawo neakathisia. Izvi zvinosanganisira:- Mishonga inoderedza kushushikana kweserotonin (SSRIs): Iyi ndiyo mishonga inonyanya kunyorerwa vanhu vanorwara nepfungwa. Mienzaniso: fluoxetine (Prozac®), paroxetine (Paxil®).
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Aya ndiwo aiva mishonga yekutanga yekudzora kushushikana kwepfungwa kugadzirwa. Kunyangwe yaishanda, mishonga mitsva uye yakachengeteka ine migumisiro mishoma ikozvino inoshandiswa kakawanda.
- Mishonga yeTricyclic (TCA) yekuora mwoyo: Vanachiremba vanonyora mishonga iyi kana mimwe mishonga yekuora mwoyo isingashande. Mienzaniso: clomipramine (Anafranil®), amitriptyline (Elavil®).
Vanachiremba vanonyora mishonga yekudzora kushungurudzika kwevarwere vane zvirwere zvakaita se:- Kuora mwoyo.
- Dambudziko reBipolar.
- Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo.
- Kurwadziwa kusingaperi.
- Dambudziko rekufunganya nekufunganya (OCD).
- Kurwiswa nekutya.
- Dambudziko rekushungurudzika mushure mekutambudzika (PTSD).
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pakati pe10% ne18% yevanhu vane chirwere chebipolar I vanotora mishonga yekudzora kushungurudzika vanowana akathisia. Mimwe mishonga inobatanidzwa neAkathisia
Mimwe mishonga inogona kunge yakabatana neAkathisia:- Mishonga yekurutsa kana kurutsa (antiemetics), semuenzaniso metoclopramide.
- Mishonga yeBP yakakwira, semuenzaniso `reserpine`, `methyldopa`.
- Mishonga inovhara calcium channel, semuenzaniso cinnarizine, diltiazem.
- Mishonga yekunyaradza.
- Mushonga wedzungu.
- `Azithromycin` (mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya unoshandiswa zvakanyanya).
- `Buspirone` (mushonga wekuzvidya mwoyo).
Akathisia inogonawo kukonzerwa nemishonga isingabvumirwe pamutemo yakaita seamphetamine, methamphetamine, uye cocaine. Nzira yekuziva sei (Akathisia)?
Vanachiremba vanowanzoongorora Akathisia nekutarisa maitiro emurwere nezviratidzo zvake (`clinical observation`). Izvi hazvidi kuongororwa ropa kana kuongororwa kwemifananidzo. Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa kuongorora huwandu hweAkathisia i``Barnes Akathisia-Rating Scale (BARS)``. Kana uchifunga kuti une Akathisia, chiremba wako achakubvunza mibvunzo nezvezviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yezvekurapa, uye mishonga yauri kushandisa pari zvino. Vachaongororawo maitiro ako nemafambiro ako. Zvinosuwisa kuti Akathisia inowanzo kuve yakaoma kuongorora. Nekuti zviratidzo zvayo zvakafanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa, semuenzaniso:- Kufunga kwepfungwa.
- Kupenga.
- Dambudziko rekushaya pfungwa/kunyanya kushanda zvakanyanya (ADHD).
- Kuora mwoyo kwakakomba.
Akathisia inorapwa sei?
Parizvino hapana mushonga chaiwo weAkathisia. Kana Akathisia yako ikakonzerwa nemushonga, chiremba wako angangoedza kukuchinjira kune mumwe mushonga kana kuderedza mushonga wauri kutora iye zvino (kana zvichibvira). Dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti mishonga inotevera inogona kubatsira neAkathisia:- Beta-blockers, semuenzaniso propranolol.
- Benzodiazepines (rudzi rwemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakaita sekuzvidya mwoyo, kushaya hope, uye pfari).
- Mirtazapine ine mwero mudiki (mushonga unorwisa kuora mwoyo).
- Mishonga inorwisa cholinergics (rudzi rwemushonga unoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakaita seasthma).
- Vhitamini B6.
Akathisia inogona kudzivirirwa here?
Masayendisiti achiri kuedza kunzwisisa zvizere Akathisia, zvikonzero zvayo, uye marapirwo ayo. Asi vanoziva kuti Akathisia inogona kukura mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:- Kana uri kutora mushonga wekurapa pfungwa wechizvarwa chekutanga.
- Kana ukatora mushonga wakawandisa.
- Kana chiremba wako akawedzera mushonga wako kamwe kamwe, kana zvakanyanya.
- Kana uri wezera repakati nepakati kana kuti mukuru.
Zvichitevera izvi, nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira Akathisia ndeyekuti vanachiremba vatange mishonga iyi nedosi shoma inobvira uye vawedzere dosi zvishoma nezvishoma kana zvichidikanwa. Usati watanga chero mushonga, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako nezvenjodzi, mabhenefiti, uye migumisiro inogona kuitika. Chii chinonzi fungidziro ye (Akathisia)?
Kana akathisia ikazivikanwa nekukurumidza uye mushonga unoikonzera ukamiswa (kana zvichibvira), chirwere ichi chinowanzovandudzika. Zvisinei, kana ikasarapwa, akathisia inogona kuva inoremadza zvikuru. Vanhu vazhinji vane akathisia vanonzwa kushushikana kwakanyanya uye kuora mwoyo (`dysphoria`). Vanogona kutove nepfungwa dzekuda kuzviuraya. Kana uri kufunga kuzviuraya, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
Unofanira kuona chiremba rini nezve (Akathisia)?
Kana uine zviratidzo zveAkathisia, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako. Kana vachikurumidza kuwana chikonzero, vanokurumidza kuchinja mishonga yako vogadzirisa dambudziko racho. Akathisia idambudziko rinonetsa zvikuru rinogona kukonzerwa nemimwe mishonga. Kana uchinetseka kuti ungangotanga Akathisia mushure mekutanga kushandisa mushonga wechirwere chepfungwa kana chirwere chetsinga, usatya kubvunza chiremba wako nezvazvo. Kana uine zviratidzo zveAkathisia, udza chiremba wako nekukurumidza. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)
- Akathisia chirwere chinokonzerwa nekusagadzikana kwemukati kunokonzera kusakwanisa kugara panzvimbo imwe chete uye kuda kufamba nguva dzose.
- Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa zvakanyanya nemimwe mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa. Zvinogonawo kukonzerwa nemishonga yekuderedza kushungurudzika kwepfungwa nemimwe mishonga.
- Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kudedera makumbo, kufamba-famba, uye kutadza kugara panzvimbo imwe chete.
- Izvi hazvisi kuzvidya mwoyo, asi zvinogona kukonzera kuzvidya mwoyo.
- Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, iva nechokwadi chekuudza chiremba wako. Dambudziko iri rinogona kugadziriswa nekuchinja mwero wemushonga wako kana kuchinja kushandisa mumwe mushonga.
- Usamborega kutora mushonga wako kana kuchinja mwero wemushonga usina kurairwa nachiremba wako.
- Akathisia inogona kugadziriswa kana ikaonekwa uye ikarapwa nekukurumidza.
Kana muine mimwe mibvunzo nezveizvi, musazeza kutaura nachiremba wenyu. Rambai muine hutano hwakanaka!
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