Chiremba wako angangodaro akaziva kuti iwe kana mwana wako ane ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) uye ari kufunga kutanga mushonga wayo. Kana kuti pamwe watove kutora mushonga. Mubvunzo mukuru uri mupfungwa dzako panguva ino ndewekuti, "Zvakanaka here kuti ndirambe ndichitora mushonga uyu? Pachava nenjodzi here nekufamba kwenguva?" Uyu mubvunzo une musoro. Saka ngatitaurei nezvazvo zvakajeka uye zviri nyore nhasi.
Mishonga yeADHD inokukanganisa sei iwe semunhu mukuru?
Kana uri munhu mukuru, chinhu chikuru chinonetsa kana uchifunga nezvemigumisiro yenguva refu yemishonga yeADHD ndechekuti ichaita sei nezvimwe zvirwere zvaunenge uine. Semuenzaniso, kana uine BP yakakwira kana chirwere chemwoyo, unofanira kutaura nachiremba wako nezvazvo usati washandisa mushonga weADHD.
Chiremba wako achakuongorora nokungwarira uye achagadzira hurongwa hwakanakisisa hwekurapa hunoenderana nehutano hwako uye huchakubatsira kudzora ADHD yako. Kune dzimwe njodzi dzinogona kumuka kubva pakushandisa mishonga yeADHD kwenguva refu kuvanhu vakuru.
| Njodzi | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Chirwere chemwoyo | Mimwe mishonga inogona kuwedzera kurova kwemoyo uye BP zvishoma. |
| Kukwira Kweropa | Kana uine BP yakakwira, unofanira kungwarira zvikuru panyaya iyi. |
| Kubatwa nepfari | Kashoma, mimwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa pfari. |
| Kurova Kwemwoyo Kusina Kujairika | Zvakakosha kuzivisa chiremba wako kana ukaona shanduko pakurova kwemoyo wako. |
| Kushungurudzwa uye Kupindwa Muropa | Njodzi iyi inogona kukonzerwa nekuwedzera dose kana kuitora kune zvimwe zvinangwa pasina kurairwa nachiremba. |
| Kuchinja kweruvara rweganda | Mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa sechigamba inogona kukonzera kuchinja kweruvara rweganda. |
Mishonga yeADHD inokanganisa sei mwana wako?
Semubereki, zvakajairika kuva nemubvunzo uyu nezvemwana wako. Asi mashoko akanaka ndeekuti makore ekutsvaga akaratidza kuti kushandisa mishonga yeADHD kwenguva refu kwakachengeteka kuvana.
Mhedzisiro yenguva pfupi
Havasi vana vese vanopindura mishonga nenzira imwe chete. Mishonga inosimudzira muviri inogona kutanga kushanda mukati meawa imwe chete. Mishonga isingasimudziri muviri inogona kutora mavhiki akati wandei kuti ishande. Mushonga wacho paunenge uchishanda mumuviri, mwana wako anogona kusangana nemimwe migumisiro.
Zvakakosha: American Academy of Pediatrics inokurudzira kutanga mishonga yeADHD kuvana vane makore anopfuura matanhatu ekuberekwa.
Migumisiro yakajairika yemishonga inosimudzira muviri muvana ndeiyi:
- Kuda kudya
- Kuderedza huremu
- Matambudziko ekurara
- Kuedza kugara kure nenzanga zvishoma
Migumisiro isingawanzoitiki:
- Kushata kwemwana kana kuti kushatirwa kunowedzera sezvo mushonga wacho uchipera (rebound effect)
- Kugwinha kwetsandanyama kusingazviitiki (Tics)
- Kunonoka zvishoma pakukura (kune maonero akasiyana pane izvi)
Yeukai kuti mishonga yeADHD haigone kuchinja hunhu hwemwana wenyu. Kana mukaona kuti mwana wenyu ari kurara zvakanyanya kana kuti ane hasha kupfuura zvakajairika, mwana wenyu angangoda kuwedzerwa. Taurai nachiremba wenyu nezvenyaya iyi.
Mhedzisiro yenguva refu
Vamwe vana vanoramba vachitora mishonga yeADHD kusvika vakura. Ongororo dzemakumi emakore dzakaratidza kuti kushandisa mishonga iyi kwenguva refu hakukonzeri matambudziko makuru ehutano. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti inogona kukanganisa kureba kwevana, dzimwe dzakaramba kuti hapana hukama hwacho. Chiremba wako achaongorora kukura kwemwana wako.
Mwana anogona kurega kushandisa mishonga riini?
Chiremba achaongorora mishonga yemwana wako nguva nenguva kuti aone kana mushonga wacho uchida kuchinjwa kana kuti mushonga wacho unogona kumira izvozvi. Unogona kufunga nezvekurega mishonga yemwana wako mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
- Kana wave usina zviratidzo kwenguva inopfuura gore uchinwa mushonga.
- Kana zviratidzo zvagara zvichidzorwa zvakanaka kwenguva yakareba nedosi imwe chete.
- Kana mwana achigona kuramba akangwarira uye aine hunhu hwakanaka kunyangwe mushure mekurasikirwa nemushonga.
- Nyatsoteerera dzimwe nzira (semuenzaniso kurapa maitiro) kana mwana akadzidzidza.
- Dai paive nekuchinja kukuru munharaunda, sekuchinja zvikoro.
Ndeipi mishonga yeADHD?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mishonga yeADHD inowira muzvikamu zviviri zvikuru: zvinokurudzira uye zvisingakurudziri.
| Rudzi rwemushonga | Mashandiro uye mienzaniso |
|---|---|
| Zvinokurudzira | Idzi ndidzo dzinonyanya kushandiswa. Dzinowedzera huwandu hwedopamine, kemikari iri muuropi inobatanidzwa nekunyatsoteerera uye kufara, uye dzinokubatsira kuti unyatsotarisa. Chiyero chakanyorwa nachiremba wako hachipindwa muropa. Semuenzaniso: Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), Amphetamines (Adderall). |
| Zvisiri zvinokurudzira | Izvi zvingasashanda nekukurumidza sezvinoita zvinokurudzira. Zvinowedzera huwandu hwekemikari inonzi norepinephrine muuropi, zvichibatsira kuwedzera kutarisisa uye kugadzikana kwepfungwa. Mienzaniso: Atomoxetine (Strattera), Clonidine (Kapvay). |
Ngatitarisei njodzi huru zvakadzama.
Chirwere chemwoyo kana BP yakakwira
Mishonga yakawanda yeADHD (stimulants) inogona kuwedzera BP zvishoma uye kurova kwemoyo. Kana uchitova nechirwere chemwoyo kana BP yakakwira, kushandisa mishonga iyi kunogona kuva nengozi. Saka, zvakakosha kuudza chiremba wako zvakajeka nezvenhoroondo yako yehutano.
Kubatwa nepfungwa kana kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka
Atomoxetine (Strattera) (mushonga usingakurudziri) yave ichibatanidzwa nechirwere chepfari uye kusagadzikana kwemoyo, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanhu vane nhoroondo yezvirwere izvi vasashandise mushonga uyu.
Kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka uye kushandiswa zvisina kunaka
Vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa mishonga yeADHD zvisina kunaka. Semuenzaniso, vanopwanya mapiritsi voafuridzira kuti "vadhakwe." Izvi zvine njodzi zvikuru. Kana usina kumbobvira washandisa zvinodhaka zvisina kunaka, hauzokwanisi kuita izvi. Asi kana ukadaro, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo zvechokwadi. Iye anogona kukubatsira kusarudza kana mushonga uyu wakakunakira.
Matambudziko epfungwa
Kashoma, mishonga yeADHD inogona kusanganiswa nemamwe matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa. Zviratidzo zvehasha uye bipolar disorder zvakataurwa. Panewo mukana mudiki wekuva nezviratidzo zve psychosis, zvakaita sekunzwa mumwe munhu achitaura, uye paranoia. Kunyangwe izvi zvisingawanzoitiki, zvakakosha kuziva nezvazvo.
Unoshanda sei nenjodzi idzi?
Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha. Nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa zvese izvi ndeyekushanda nachiremba wako. Pamwe chete, munogona kusarudza kana mushonga uyu wakachengeteka kwauri.
Usati watanga kutora mushonga, chiremba wako angangoda kuita bvunzo. Semuenzaniso, vanogona kutarisa BP yako uye kurova kwemoyo wako.
Kana uine chimwe chezvirwere izvi, iva nechokwadi chekuudza chiremba wako nezvazvo:
- Kurwara nemishonga
- Dambudziko reGlaucoma
- Chirwere chechiropa kana cheitsvo
- Nhoroondo yechirwere chepfungwa
- Chirwere cheTics kana kuti Tourette's
- Hyperthyroidism
Kana uri kutora mimwe mishonga kana zvimwe zvinovaka muviri, udza chiremba wako nezvazvo. Mimwe mishonga inogona kushanda pamwe chete nemishonga yeADHD. Mushure mekutanga mishonga, ona chiremba wako kuti ugare uchiongororwa kuti uone kana paine migumisiro yakaipa.
Pakupedzisira, mishonga yeADHD inowanzo kuve yakachengeteka zvikuru. Njodzi yematambudziko akakomba yakaderera zvikuru. Kune vanhu vazhinji, mabhenefiti ekurapwa anopfuura njodzi diki.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga yeADHD kwakachengeteka.
- Udza chiremba wako nezvezvimwe zvirwere zvaungave nazvo iwe kana mwana wako (kunyanya chirwere chemwoyo, BP) usati watanga kushandisa mushonga.
- Kana ukaona chero mimwe migumisiro isingawanzoitiki (semuenzaniso, kurova kwemoyo kwakanyanya, kushatirwa zvakanyanya, kushaya hope), zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Usambofa wakachinja mushonga kana kurega kutora mishonga usina kurairwa nachiremba wako.
- Kune vazhinji, kuvandudzwa kwehupenyu kunounzwa nekurapwa kweADHD kunodarika njodzi diki dzemishonga.
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