Tsinga yemwoyo wako inogona kuputika kamwe kamwe here? Ngatidzidzei zvese nezveSCAD (Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection)!

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti munhu ane hutano hwakanaka uye anorovedza muviri zvakanaka angangoerekana arwara nemoyo? Kana kuti musikana wechidiki ane hutano hwakanaka achangobva kuva amai angangoerekana arwadziwa pachipfuva? Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chemwoyo chinoshamisa asi chakakosha. Ichi ndicho chatinodaidza kuti SCAD, kana kuti Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection .

Chii chinonzi SCAD (Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection)? Ngatizvinzwisise zviri nyore.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, SCAD kubvaruka kamwe kamwe kana kupatsanurwa pakati pezvikamu zviviri mumadziro etsinga dzemwoyo dzinotakura ropa kuenda kumoyo wedu. Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi: tsinga yeropa yakaita sechubhu yakatetepa. Rusvingo rwechubhu iyi runoumbwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. MuSCAD, chimwe chezvikamu izvi chinobvaruka uye ropa rinobuda pakati pazvo. Chii chinoitika ipapo? Ropa iroro rinoungana robuda mutsinga. Rinopfava sebharumu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuyerera kweropa kuenda kumoyo kunovharika, kana kuti rinotanga kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma.

Izvi zvakafanana nebundu diki riri kukura mukati mepombi yemvura richirivhara. Ipapo mwoyo hauwani okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri zvainoda.

SCAD inowedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere chinonzi Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) . Ichi chirwere chetsinga dzemwoyo zvakare. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa pachipfuva, kana angina . Zvinogonawo kukonzera kurwara kwemoyo, izvo zvinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi.

Mashoko aya anorevei?

Kana tikaongorora zvinorehwa nemashoko matatu aya ekuti SCAD zvakasiyana, muchanzwisisa chirwere ichi zviri nani.

• Zvichiitika zvega: Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinoitika kamwe kamwe, pasina yambiro .
• Mitsipa yeropa: Iyi ndiyo mitsipa mikuru yeropa inopa mwoyo yedu ropa rakachena uye rakazara neokisijeni. Tine mitsipa miviri mikuru yeropa, yekuruboshwe neyekurudyi. Inopatsanurwa kuita matavi madiki.
• Kupatsanurwa: Mukurapa, izwi iri rinoreva kupatsanurwa kwenyama kuita zvikamu, zvakaita sekutsemuka.

Unonzwisisa here? Izvi zvinoreva kuti, tinodana izvi kuti SCAD apo tsinga yeropa iri mumoyo inongoerekana yaputika kubva mukati pasina chikonzero chakajeka.

Chii chinonzi Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Ichi hachisi chirwere chimwe chete. Izwi rinowanzo shandiswa kureva zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana umo ropa rinoyerera richienda kumoyo rinobva radzikira kamwe kamwe. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kana plaque, inova kuunganidzwa kwemafuta mukati metsinga (inozivikanwawo se atherosclerosis kana "kuoma kwetsinga") ikangoerekana yaputika. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kuzvirwere zvinotyisidzira hupenyu zvakaita sekushaya simba kwemoyo , kurwara nemoyo, kana sitiroko .

Chirwere ichi chinonzi SCAD chakajairika zvakadii?

Nyanzvi dzezvekurapa dzinoti SCAD chirwere chisati chaongororwa zvakakwana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vana pavanhu zana vanowana chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (4%) vane SCAD. Pamusoro pezvo, SCAD ndiyo inokonzera nyaya imwe chete pavanhu vana (25%) yeACS muvakadzi vari pasi pemakore makumi mashanu! Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kunge yakajairika muvakadzi vadiki kupfuura zvamunofunga.

Sei SCAD ichiitika? Ndezvipi zvikonzero?

Nyanzvi hadzisati dzaziva kuti chii chinokonzera SCAD. Zvinoshamisa kuti vanhu vazhinji vanowana chirwere ichi vanenge vari vadiki, vakagwinya, uye vane hutano hwakanaka. Havanawo chirwere chemwoyo chavakambosangana nacho.

Vamwe varwere vane SCAD vachangobva kusununguka . Zvakaonekwawo kuti SCAD inowanzoitika panguva yekuenda kumwedzi kana mushure mekuenda kumwedzi . Saka, pane fungidziro yekuti shanduko mumahormone evakadzi dzinogona kukonzera izvi.

SCAD haiwanzoitiki muvarume, inoitika pasi pegumi muzana (10%). Muvarume, kubvaruka uku kunowanzoitika mushure mekurovedza muviri kwakasimba (kurovedza muviri nesimba) kana kusimudza chinhu chinorema . Kushanda nesimba uku kunogona kubvarura madziro etsinga.

Kashoma, madziro etsinga iyi anogona kuputika nekuda kwekurutsa kwakanyanya kana simba rekukosora. Dzimwe nguva, tsinga yemoyo inogona kuputika nekuda kwetsaona inorwadza kana panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwekurapa senge cardiac catheterization . Zvisinei, pane chikonzero cheizvi.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekuva neSCAD?

Vanhu vane mamwe matambudziko ehutano vari panjodzi huru yekuputika kwetsinga dzemwoyo. Ngationei kuti chii:

• Zvirwere zve connective tishu - semuenzaniso , Marfan syndrome .
• Kukwira kweropa (BP yakakwira zvine njodzi).
• Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) - Ichi chirwere chinokanganisa tsinga dzeropa.
• Kuderera kwebasa re thyroid ( Hypothyroidism ).
• Zvirwere zvinozvimba - mienzaniso inosanganisira lupus , multiple sclerosis (MS) , uye sarcoidosis .
• Matambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka .

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveSCAD? Zvinoonekwa sei?

Kana ropa richienda kumwoyo rakaderera nekuda kweSCAD, zvinogona kukonzera kurwara kwemoyo kana rudzi rwekurwadziwa kwechipfuva kunonzi unstable angina . Rudzi urwu rwe angina rune njodzi huru nekuti runowedzera njodzi yekurwara kwemoyo.

SCAD chirwere chekukurumidzira chinoda kurapwa nekukasika. Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera zvechirwere chemwoyo, fonera 911 nekukasika (muSri Lanka, fonera 1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service):

• Dzungu kana kupera simba ( syncope ).
• Kudikitira zvakanyanya ( Hyperhidrosis ) kana kunzwa kutonhora.
• Kurova kwemoyo kana kusagadzikana kwemoyo .
• Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama muruoko, pafudzi, kana munharaunda yeshaya.
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa, kana kunzwa kusagadzikana mudumbu ( kusagaya zvakanaka ).
• Kushaya mweya.
• Kuoma kwechipfuva, kumanikidzwa, kana kurwadziwa.

Zviratidzo izvi zvakafanana chaizvo nezvirwere zvemoyo. Saka, kana ukasangana nechimwe chinhu chakadai , usanonoka.

SCAD inoonekwa sei? (Kuongororwa)

Kuongororwa kweSCAD kunogona kuoma. Kana uine kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo, chiremba wako anogona kuraira bvunzo dzakadai kuti aongorore SCAD:

• Kuongororwa kwezviratidzo zvema enzyme: Kunoongorora huwandu hwakakwira hwemamwe ma enzyme emwoyo anoungana muropa panguva yekurwiswa kwemoyo.
• Angiogram: Izvi zvinokubvumira kuona kufamba kweropa mumoyo mako mumifananidzo inofamba ine mativi matatu (3D). Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA) kana Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) .
• Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT): Izvi zvinoita kuti tsinga iongororwe kubva mukati zvichienda kunze.
• Ultrasound yemutsinga dzeropa (IVUS): Izvi zvinogona kuburitsa mifananidzo yakajeka uye yakadzama mukati metsinga.

Miedzo iyi ndiyo inobvumira vanachiremba kuti vaone kana une tsinga yeropa yakabvaruka kana chimwe chirwere chemwoyo.

SCAD inorapwa sei?

Vanhu vazhinji vane SCAD, vanenge zvikamu zvitatu muzvina (75%), vanopora nemishonga. Aya ndiwo marudzi emishonga anopiwa:

• Mishonga yeBP (semuenzaniso, beta blockers ).
• Mishonga inodzora huwandu hwecholesterol yakakwira.
• Mishonga inodzivirira kuumbwa kweropa ( mishonga inoderedza maplatelet ).

Zvisinei, vanhu vanosvika 14% vane SCAD vanogona kuva nechirwere chakakomba. Vanhu vakadaro vangangoda kuendeswa kuchipatara uye kurapwa nekukurumidza. Kurapwa kwakadaro kunosanganisira:

• Kugadziriswa kwemoyo ne catheterization , coronary angioplasty uye kuiswa kwe stentIzvi zvinosanganisira kuputira tsinga yeropa yakavharika nechinhu chakaita sebharumu uye kuisa mesh diki (stent) kudzivirira kuti isavharika zvakare.
• Kubatanidza Mitsipa yeropa muCoronary Artery Bypass (CABG): Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzira nzira itsva yetsinga yeropa yakavharika.
• Kuisa mudziyo wekutsigira kutenderera kweropa, wakaita seLeft Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) , kana Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) .
• Kuisirwa moyo - Izvi hazviwanzoitiki.

Kazhinji, vanachiremba vanoedza kugadzirisa dambudziko iri nemishonga, zvichiita kuti tsinga yakabvaruka ipore yoga. Kuvhiyiwa kunoonekwa sekukosha chete kana zvichidikanwa.

SCAD inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Kana wakambova netsinga yeropa yakatsemuka, ungangoda kuderedza mamwe mabasa emuviri anorema uye kurovedza muviri nesimba kuti usazvidzore. Chiremba wako anogonawo kukutumira kune chirongwa chekurapa mwoyo . Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuvandudza hutano hwemwoyo wako uye kukudzidzisa maekisesaizi akachengeteka.

Kunyangwe pasina hukama hwakananga hwakawanikwa pakati peSCAD nehomoni, vanachiremba vazhinji vanokurudzira kutanga vafunga nezvenzira dzekudzivirira pamuviri dzisiri dzehomoni. Semuenzaniso, vasectomy yevarume kana tubal ligation yevakadzi. Bvunza chiremba wako kuti ndeipi nzira yakakunakira.

Unogonawo kuita zvinhu izvi kuderedza njodzi yako yechirwere chemwoyo:

• Idya chikafu chine hutano mumoyo kuti uderedze cholesterol.
• Deredza kudya munyu uye dzora BP yakakwira.
• Deredza kunwa kwako doro. Kana uine dambudziko nekushandisa doro, tsvaga rubatsiro.
• Zivai mhando dzemafuta amunodya uye deredzai kudya mafuta asina kunaka.
• Kana uine chirwere cheshuga , chidzore zvakanaka.
• Kana uchisvuta, tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurega.
• Ramba uchiita maekisesaizi uye ramba uine huremu hwakanaka.

Chii chiri kutarisira munhu ane SCAD?

SCAD chirwere chinoisa upenyu panjodzi. Vanhu vanosvika 5% vanochiwana vanofa. Kubvaruka kwetsinga kunogona kukonzera njodzi dzinotevera:

• Angina isingaperi: Vanhu vashoma vanogona kurwadziwa chipfuva kana kumanikidzwa nguva dzose. Izvi zvingasaita zvakanaka nemishonga yechivanhu yakaita senitroglycerin .
• Kudzoka kwechirwere:Munhu mumwe chete pavanhu gumi (10%) acharwara zvakare neSCAD mukati memakore matatu mushure mekurapwa kwekutanga. Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo nguva dzose kuti aedze kuona misodzi iyi nekukurumidza.
• Kuzvimba kwemoyo: SCAD inogona kukonzera kuzvimba kwebhegi rakatenderedza moyo, kunonzi pericarditis . Chiremba wako anogona kuraira bvunzo dzakadai se cardiac MRIs kana angiograms kuti aone kana dambudziko iri riripo.

Saka, zvakakosha zvikuru kutevera mirayiridzo yekurapa nemazvo uye kuongororwa nenguva mushure mekuve neSCAD.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uchifunga kuti uri kurwara nemoyo, fonera 911 (1990 muSri Lanka) nekukasika.

Uyezve, ona chiremba kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi:

• Kurwadziwa pachipfuva kana kumanikidzwa ( Angina ).
• Ziya rinotonhora.
• Kurwadziwa mumaoko, pashaya, kana pamafudzi.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya, dzungu, kana kushaya simba pasina chikonzero.

Chii chandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Kana ukaonekwa uine SCAD, ungada kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo iyi:

• Chii chakandikonzera kuti ndive neSCAD iyi?
• Ndingawana SCAD zvakare here?
• Chii chandinofanira kuita kuti ndichengetedze hutano hwemwoyo wangu?
• Ndinofanira kunetseka here nezvezviratidzo zvematambudziko?

SCAD chirwere chinokonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana nechirwere chemwoyo kuvanhu vane njodzi shoma yekubatwa nechirwere chemwoyo, kunyanya vakadzi. Fonerai mabasa ekurapa ekukurumidzira nekukasika kana muine zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo. Kana bvunzo dzikaratidza kuti mune chirwere cheSCAD, chiremba wenyu achataura nemi nezvesarudzo dzekurapa. Kunyangwe nekurapwa, pane njodzi yekuti tsinga yeropa ichatsemuka zvakare. Chiremba wenyu achanyatsoongorora hutano hwemwoyo wenyu kuti aderedze njodzi iyoyo.

Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba

Zvakanaka, saka tataura zvakawanda nezve SCAD, handiti? Heano mamwe emabasa akakosha ekurangarira:

• SCAD chirwere chemwoyo chisingatarisirwi chinogona kukanganisa vakadzi vechidiki vane hutano hwakanaka.
• Zviratidzo zvacho zvakafanana chaizvo nechirwere chemwoyo. Kana uine kurwadziwa muchipfuva, kufema zvakaoma, kana kudikitira, usazviregeredza. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
• Kuongororwa kweSCAD kunogona kuoma zvishoma, asi kunogona kusimbiswa nekuongororwa kwakakodzera.
• Kazhinji inogona kurapwa nemishonga, asi vamwe vanhu vangada kuvhiyiwa kana mamwe marapirwo.
• Zvakakosha zvikuru kuchinja mararamiro uye kutevedzera mazano echiremba mushure meSCAD. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza njodzi yekudzoka kwechirwere ichi.

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine zviratidzo izvi, usavhunduka wobva waona chiremba nekukurumidza. Kana ukangoonekwa nekukurumidza, ndipo panogona kunge paine mukana wekuti kurapwa kubudirire. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

Kubviswa kwetsinga dzemwoyo, SCAD, kurwara kwemoyo, kurwadziwa kwechipfuva, tsinga dzemwoyo, hutano hwevakadzi , kutarisirwa kwekukurumidzira