Ngaba ufuna ukwazi ngento emthubi egazini lakho? Masithethe ngovavanyo lwe-bilirubin!

Owu, ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, umzimba ujika ube tyheli? Okanye ngaba ugqirha wakha wakuxelela okanye wakuxelela umntu omaziyo ukuba enze uvavanyo lwe-`(Bilirubin)`? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive unexhala xa usiva igama elithi bilirubin. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-bilirubin? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Cinga nje, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli zegazi) emizimbeni yethu zihlala zitshintshwa. Xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala ziqhekeka, zivelisa into etyheli ebizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin . Kufana noko kushiyekileyo xa ulahla izinto ezindala.

Ngoku le bilirubin ihamba ngegazi lethu ize iye esibindini. Isibindi sifana nomzi-mveliso emzimbeni wethu, sicoca izinto ezingafunekiyo. Isibindi siqokelela le bilirubin, siyidibanise nezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo, size senze ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi "bile." Uyazi, le bilirubin yiyo enika i-bile umbala otyheli. Emva koko le bilirubin idlula emathunjini ethu iphume emzimbeni. Ewe, le bilirubin yinxalenye enkulu yento enika indle yakho umbala wayo.

Ngoko ke, yintoni uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin?

Kulula kakhulu. Ugqirha uthatha isampuli encinci yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho aze ayithumele kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe. Le lebhu ilinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-bilirubin egazini lakho. Bajonga ukuba ingaba inqanaba likwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo na, okanye ukuba liphezulu kakhulu okanye liphantsi kakhulu. Ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin aliqhelekanga, kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki kwenye indawo kwinkqubo eqala ngokuqhekeka kwezo seli zibomvu zegazi ezindala ize iphele ngokususwa kwe-bilirubin emzimbeni.

Athini amanqanaba e-bilirubin egazini?

Oogqirha badla ngokwenza olu vavanyo lwe-bilirubin ukujonga impilo yesibindi sakho . Olu lolunye nje lovavanyo olusebenzayo lwesibindi. Ukuba la maxabiso aphezulu okanye aphantsi, anokubonisa ukuba isibindi siphantsi koxinzelelo oluthile. Nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-bilirubin awathethi ukuba kukho ingxaki ngesibindi. Ngamanye amaxesha ingxaki isenokuba kwenye indawo.

Kutheni le nto eli nqanaba le-bilirubin linyuka? (Hyperbilirubinemia)

Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuba i-bilirubin iqokeleleke egazini lakho. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi ziyaqhekeka ngokukhawuleza: Ezinye iingxaki zegazi, ezifana ne-hemolytic anemia, zibangela ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqhekeke ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kubekho i-bilirubin eninzi. Cinga ngayo njengomzi-mveliso ofumana imveliso eninzi kakhulu.
• Isibindi sakho sinokuba nobunzima bokususa i-bilirubin nokuba sisixa esiqhelekileyo: Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokwenzeka ukuba isibindi sichaphazeleka ngequbuliso yinto enobuthi. Okanye, isibindi sisenokungasebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yesifo sesibindi esihlala ixesha elide (`(Isifo sesibindi esingapheliyo)`).
• Inkqubo yakho yenyongo ayikhuphi inyongo ngokufanelekileyo:Kusenokubakho ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yenyongo okanye inyongo, okubangela ukuba inyongo ibuyele egazini. Oku kunokwenzeka naxa kukho amatye enyongo.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba umbhobho ongenisa amanzi kwitanki yamanzi ukhulisiwe kwaye umbhobho okhupha amanzi etankini uvalekile, itanki iya kubila.

Ngaba amanqanaba e-bilirubin aphantsi? (Hypobilirubinemia)

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha amanqanaba e-bilirubin anokuba phantsi. Amanye amayeza anokubangela oku. Umzekelo, amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, iipilisi zokulala, kunye namayeza okuxhuzula anokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-bilirubin ehle. Nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba aphantsi e-bilirubin adla ngokuba yinto engenamsebenzi.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene kwi-bilirubin emizimbeni yethu?

I-Bilirubin yinkunkuma ekhutshwa kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala. Ngokwesiqhelo, imizimba yethu iyikhupha ngamathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku kufunyaniswe ukuba ineenzuzo ezincinci njengoko ikhutshwa. Uphando olutsha lubonisa ukuba i-bilirubin isebenza njenge-antioxidant kwaye inokusinceda ekukhuseleni kwizifo zentliziyo.

Kodwa, njengayo nayiphi na into, ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, inokuba yityhefu . Ukuba i-bilirubin eninzi iqokelelana egazini lakho, ungaziva ungakhululekanga. Ingavuselela nemithambo-luvo engaphantsi kolusu lwakho kwaye ibangele ukuba urhawuzelelwe.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-bilirubin ephezulu?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-bilirubin ephezulu yi -jaundice . Oku kukutyheli kolusu lwakho kunye namhlophe emehlweni akho. Olu luphawu lokuqala oluza kujongwa ngugqirha xa ehlola amanqanaba akho e-bilirubin.

Kwakhona, xa i-bilirubin egazini isanda, izama ukuphuma kumchamo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umchamo ube mnyama ngombala (njengombala weti).

Kwakhona, ukuba i-bilirubin ayikhutshwanga kakuhle kwi-tummy, i-tummy inokuba nombala okhanyayo (njengodongwe) .

Abanye abantu banokukrwela imizimba yabo kakhulu .

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-bilirubin lwenziwa njani?

Oku kulula kakhulu.

• Ngokwesiqhelo, kumntu omdala, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kuthatha isampuli yegazi encinci kumthambo osengalweni yakho . Usenokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Usenokuziva intlungu encinci xa inaliti ifakwa kwaye isuswa, kodwa iya kuphela kwimizuzu embalwa. Emva koko isampuli yegazi ithunyelwa kwilebhu. Kuthatha ixesha ukuba ingxelo ibuye.
• Ukuba usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunesifo senyongo , ugqirha uza kujonga inqanaba le-bilirubin ukuqinisekisa ukuba aliphezulu kakhulu. I-jaundice iqhelekile kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kwaye ayisoloko ixhalabisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inqanaba le-bilirubin liphezulu kakhulu, linokuba yingozi kumntwana.Igazi lidla ngokuthathwa ebantwaneni ngokuhlaba izithende zabo ngenaliti encinci (isithende) . Olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwa kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa.

Yintoni ekwingxelo endiyifumanayo? Ithetha ukuthini?

Ingxelo yovavanyo olufumanayo iya kubonisa amanqanaba e-bilirubin egazini lakho ngamanani. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-bilirubin egazini lakho: i-bilirubin eya esibindini ukuze icocwe, kunye ne-bilirubin ephuma esibindini emva kokuba icociwe. Ingxelo yakho iya kubonisa ezi ntlobo zimbini ngokwahlukeneyo, kunye ne-bilirubin iyonke. Ihlala iboniswa kwiiyunithi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-milligrams nge-deciliter (mg/dL).

Yintoni i-Bilirubin ethe ngqo nengathanga ngqo? (Edityanisiweyo vs. Engadityanisiweyo)

Kalula nje:

• Uhlobo lwe-bilirubin oluya esibindini ukuze lucocwe yi- "Unconjugated" bilirubin . Ayinyibiliki emanzini. Iya esibindini ibotshelelwe kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-albumin egazini. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi- "Indirect" bilirubin kwingxelo. Kuba ayinakulinganiswa ngokuthe ngqo. Ifunyanwa ngokususa i-bilirubin edibeneyo kwi-bilirubin iyonke.
• Emva kokuba isibindi sicoce le bilirubin, siyibopha kwimolekyuli yeswekile ize inyibilike emanzini. Kuphela emva koko inokudlula emathunjini axutywe nenyongo. Le bilirubin icociwe sisibindi ibizwa ngokuba yi- "conjugated" bilirubin . Kwingxelo, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi- "direct" bilirubin , kuba inokulinganiswa ngokuthe ngqo.

Uyaqonda? Enye ngaphambi kokuba iye esibindini, enye emva kokuba icocekile sisibindi.

Liliphi inqanaba le-bilirubin esifanele sixhalabele?

Kunokubakho utshintsho oluncinci kwinto ethathwa yilabhoratri nganye njengamanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-bilirubin. Kodwa ngokubanzi, inqanaba le-bilirubin iyonke phakathi kwe-0.2 kunye ne-1.3 mg/dL lithathwa njengeliqhelekileyo kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana . Ukuba inqanaba lakho liphezulu kuneli, ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuze afumane unobangela. Oku kungabonisa imeko efuna ingqalelo. Nangona kunjalo, i-bilirubin ephezulu ngokwayo ayisiyongxaki imbi kwaye ayidingi nyango.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, ibali lahlukile kancinci. Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-bilirubin kwiintsana anokuqala kwi-1.0 mg/dL ukuya kwi-12.0 mg/dL. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-hyperbilirubinemia kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ilindelekile kwaye iya kuphela yodwa. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha baya kuqhubeka nokujonga imeko ukuze babone ukuba amanqanaba e-bilirubin anyuka ngokukhawuleza okanye aphantsi kakhulu. Ukuba bayakwenza oko, kunokuba yimeko embi kwaye ibe yingozi kumntwana.

Ngawaphi amanqanaba e-bilirubin ayingozi kumntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa?

Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba kuqalwe unyango lweentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ngokusekelwe kumanqanaba e-bilirubin.Ukuba idlula kwi-15 mg/dL kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-48, okanye ukuba idlula kwi-20 mg/dL emva kweeyure ezingama-72. Kula manqanaba, ubungakanani be-bilirubin engadibaniyo budlula ubungakanani be-albumin ekhoyo ukuyibopha. Le bilirubin engadibaniyo inokunqumla umqobo wegazi-ubuchopho iye kwingqondo yosana olusandula ukuzalwa ize yonakalise ingqondo ekhulayo. Oku kunokubangela amazinga ahlukeneyo omonakalo wobuchopho, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -kernicterus .

Lo mngcipheko awufani kubantu abadala nakubantwana abadala. Iingqondo zabantu abadala azinabo ubuthathaka, kwaye amanqanaba e-bilirubin angadibaniyo awafane anyuke njengakwabantu abadala. Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zivelisa i-bilirubin ngokukhawuleza kunabantu abadala, kwaye ziyidibanisa kancinci kakhulu.

Zininzi izizathu zokuba i-conjugated bilirubin ``(Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia)`` inokwanda kubantu abadala. Kubantu abadala, ukwanda kwe-bilirubin kunokuba luphawu lwemeko eyingozi, kodwa i-bilirubin ngokwayo ayibangeli yingozi enkulu (ngokungafaniyo nakwiintsana).

Kuthetha ukuthini xa inqanaba lakho le-bilirubin liphezulu?

Ukuba umzimba wakho uqhekeza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ngokukhawuleza kunokuba isibindi sakho sinokuzicoca, amanqanaba akho e-bilirubin angadibaniyo (angathanga ngqo) anokunyuka. Oku kunokuthetha izinto ezifana nezi:

• Isifo seHemolytic
• Isifo seSickle cell
• Impendulo engalunganga xa utofelwe igazi

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokwanda kwe-bilirubin engafakwanga kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha
• Uhlobo lwegazi olungangqinelaniyo phakathi komntwana kunye nomama
• Ukusabela kwizinto ezithile kubisi lwebele

Ukuba umzimba wakho unengxaki yokususa i-bilirubin ngokufanelekileyo, inqanaba lakho le-bilirubin elihlanganisiweyo (ngqo) linokuphakama. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba unesifo se-biliary okanye i-gallstones. Imizekelo:

• Amatye enyongo
• I-Cholecystitis
• Ukudumba kwemibhobho yenyongo (iCholangitis)

Zombini ezi ntlobo ze-bilirubin zinokuqokelelana egazini ngenxa yeemeko ezichaphazela amandla esibindi sakho okususa i-bilirubin.

Inqanaba lakho lilonke le-bilirubin linokunyuka, nokuba kuxa uqala amayeza amatsha, okanye xa usela utywala obuninzi, okanye ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwesibindi okwethutyana. Okanye, kusenokuba kubangelwa sisifo sesibindi esiqatha okanye esinganyangekiyo. Ezinye izizathu ziquka:

• Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-hepatitis yentsholongwane kunye ne-mononucleosis.
• Iimeko zemfuza ezichaphazela imetabolism ye-bilirubin, ezifana ne-Gilbert's syndrome, isifo sikaWilson, kunye ne-Crigler-Najjar syndrome.
• I-hepatitis enobuthi (ebangelwa butywala okanye iziyobisi)
• Isifo sokuqina kwesibindi kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi okungapheliyo

Ukuba kukho izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwingxelo yam yovavanyo, kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

Ugqirha uza kujonga iimpawu zakho kunye nembali yezonyango ukuze azame ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi izizathu ezinokubakho. Isizathu ngasinye sineendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Banokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olongezelelweyo kunye novavanyo lwemifanekiso ukuze bafumane umbono ongcono wemeko yakho. Banokukuvavanya kwakhona amanqanaba akho e-bilirubin ukuze babone ukuba ayanyuka na ngakumbi. Ukuba amanqanaba e-bilirubin yosana lwakho aphakamileyo kakhulu, banokucebisa unyango lokuwanciphisa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokwandisa i-bilirubin kwiintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa?

Unyango oluqhelekileyo lokunciphisa amanqanaba e-bilirubin kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa yi- phototherapy . Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha ubeka umntwana wakho phantsi kokukhanya okukhethekileyo. Oku kukhanya kukhupha ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Oku kukhanya kuyayiqhekeza i-bilirubin kwaye kuyenze inyibilike emanzini. Oku kuvumela ukuba ikhutshwe emzimbeni ngaphandle kokudityaniswa esibindini. Oku kuthintela i-bilirubin engadibaniyo ukuba iqokelele kwizicubu zengqondo yomntwana.

Ungayinciphisa njani i-bilirubin yakho?

Amanqanaba akho e-bilirubin aya kuncipha ukuba imeko ebangela ukuba amanqanaba akho e-bilirubin anyuke inyangwa kwaye ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe malunga neendlela zokunyanga le meko okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo zayo.

Ngokubanzi, unganciphisa uxinzelelo kwisibindi sakho ngokuyeka ukusebenzisa utywala kunye namayeza angeyomfuneko (nokuba ngamayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (OTC) kangangoko kunokwenzeka), kwaye utye ukutya okunempilo.

Yintoni uvavanyo lomchamo lwe-bilirubin?

Usenokuba novavanyo lwe-bilirubin yomchamo njengenxalenye yovavanyo lomchamo. Oku kungaba yinxalenye yovavanyo lwempilo oluqhelekileyo. Okanye, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olu vavanyo ngokukodwa ukuba une-jaundice okanye umchamo omnyama . I-Bilirubin kumchamo wakho (i-bilirubinuria) ayiqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanqanaba akho e-bilirubin adibeneyo aphezulu kakhulu, oku kunokwenzeka.

Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha uza kukunika ibhotile encinci yokuqokelela isampuli yomchamo. Baza kukunika ne "sanitary wipe" yokucoca indawo yakho yangasese ngaphambi kokuba uchame. Ibhotile iya kuba nophawu kuyo olubonisa ukuba ingakanani umchamo omawuqokelelwe. Ngaphandle kokuchukumisa ingaphakathi lebhotile, uza kuqokelela isampuli uze uyinike ugqirha. Baza kuyithumela kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-bilirubin ngoku, akunjalo?

Ukuba ubona umbala otyheli emzimbeni okanye emehlweni akho (i-jaundice), luphawu lokuba ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwaye ufumane uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin.I-jaundice iqala ukubonakala xa amanqanaba e-bilirubin efikelela kabini okanye kathathu kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. Ungaqaphela nokuba umchamo wakho umnyama (unombala weti) kweli nqanaba.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha amanqanaba e-bilirubin anokuba phezulu ngaphandle kweempawu. Uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba aqinisekise iimeko ezithile ezikrokrelwayo aze afumanise ukuba yintoni unobangela.

Ngoko ke, musa ukoyika xa usiva igama elithi bilirubin. Liyinxalenye yenkqubo eqhelekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Nangona kunjalo, xa amanqanaba ayo etshintsha, kubalulekile ukufumanisa unobangela kwaye ufumane unyango ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Bakho ukukunceda.

I- Bilirubin, uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin, i-jaundice, umkhuhlane otyheli, isibindi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa