Ngaba unamafutha amaninzi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho? Masithethe nge-atheroma!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento ebalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi, kodwa mhlawumbi engaziwa kakuhle. Ngaba wakha weva nge-'Atheroma' okanye ukugcwala kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi ? Le meko yinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe, kuba inokuchaphazela impilo yentliziyo yethu kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko masithethe ngayo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-atheroma?

Ngamafutshane, i-atheroma yinto enamafutha eqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu, ingakumbi imithambo yegazi yethu, ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kufana nothuli oluqokelelana kumbhobho wamanzi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-'atherosclerotic plaque', okanye 'iplaque'. Ngoko ke le 'plaque' iqokelelana eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwemithambo yegazi, inciphisa kancinci indlela yegazi.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba le atheroma iyingozi:

• Okokuqala, ezi zinto zikhula kancinci kancinci zize zithathe indawo engakumbi ngaphakathi kumthambo wegazi. Oku kunciphisa indawo yokuphuma kwegazi , njengokuxinana kweemoto endleleni.
• Okwesibini, ngamanye amaxesha ezi ntsalela zinokudubula ngequbuliso. Xa oko kusenzeka, ihlwili legazi linokwenziwa apho. Eli hlwili legazi linokuwuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuhamba kwegazi apho, okanye linokuqhekeka lize liwuvale umthambo wegazi kwenye indawo emzimbeni.

Khawucinge nje, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umthambo ohambisa igazi entliziyweni uvalekile ngolu hlobo? Kulapho ke kwenzeka khona uhlaselo lwentliziyo. Ngokufanayo, ukuba umthambo ohambisa igazi engqondweni uvalekile , imeko ebizwa ngokuba yistroke inokwenzeka. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi atheroma kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokuzifumana.

Yenziwe ngantoni le atheroma?

Ezi depositi, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-atheroma, zenziwa kukuqokelelana kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezijikeleza egazini lethu. Ngokuyintloko ziquka:

• Iintlobo zeeseli egazini.
• I-calcium . Le calcium yiyo ebangela ukuba i-atheroma ibe nzima kancinci kwaye ibe rhabaxa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukuqina kwemithambo" okanye "ukuqina kwemithambo."
• I-cholesterol kunye namanye amafutha. Ezi zezona zithako ziphambili.
• Iiseli ezivuthayo .
• Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeproteni.

Konke oku xa kudibene kudala loo ngxinano iyingozi eludongeni lomthambo.

Yintoni i-Aortic Atheroma?

I-Aortic atheroma yimeko apho i-atheroma iqokelelana kumthambo wethu oyintloko, i-aorta. I-aorta yeyona mthambo wegazi mkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Iqala entliziyweni ize yehle ngesifuba iye kuthi ga esiswini. Xa i-atheroma ikhula kule mthambo wegazi ubalulekileyo, inokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.Iingxaki zinokwenzeka. Umzekelo:

• I-Aortic aneurysm
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Istroke

Ingaba oku kufana nomhlaza?

Hayi, i-atheroma ayilomhlaza. Yingqokelela yamafutha nje eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yethu. Ngamanye amaxesha amagama ezonyango anokuvakala efana, ngoko ke anokubhida. Umzekelo, igama elithi 'atheroma' lifana namagama afana nelithi 'carcinoma' (uhlobo lomhlaza), ngoko abanye banokucinga ukuba nalo ngumhlaza. Kodwa akukho nxibelelwano lunjalo. Oku kunxulumene ngokupheleleyo nenkqubo yethu yemithambo yegazi kunye nempilo yentliziyo.

Kutheni le atheroma ivele?

Eyona nto ibangela i-atheroma kukonakala kwengaphakathi lemithambo yethu (ebizwa ngokuba yi-endothelium). Izazinzulu zisaphanda ngezizathu ezininzi zalo monakalo. Kodwa into enye icacile: xa le endothelium yonakele, kulapho i-atheroma iqala khona ukwakheka. Emva koko, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ikhula kancinci kancinci.

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela i-atheroma:

• Izifo ezibangela ukudumba: Umzekelo, izifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Isifo seswekile: Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile.
• Ukutya okungenampilo: Ukutya ukutya okuninzi okunamafutha agcweleyo, amafutha e-trans, kunye ne-cholesterol.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglyceride.
• Ukwaluphala: Umngcipheko uyanda emva kweminyaka engama-45 kumadoda nasemva kweminyaka engama-55 kubafazi.
• Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba: Le yingxaki enkulu kakhulu.

Nangona i-atheroma inokwakheka kuyo nayiphi na imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, inokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba yakheke kwiindawo zamasebe, okanye apho imithambo yegazi enye yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini (ii-bifurcations).

Cinga ngenkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi njengothungelwano lweendlela. Ukuxinana kwezithuthi kudla ngokuvela kwiindawo ezidibana kuzo iindlela, apho iindlela zidibana khona, kunokuba kwenzeke kwiindlela ezithe tye. Ngokufanayo, amafutha agcinwe kwimithambo yethu adla ngokwakheka ngakumbi apho imithambo idibana khona ize yahlukane. Izazinzulu zisazama ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-atherosclerosis kunye ne-atherosclerosis?

Oku kungabonakala kunzima kancinci, kodwa masithi nje:

I-Atheroma sisithako esinamafutha. I-Atherosclerosis sisifo esibangelwa kukufakwa kwaso kwimithambo yegazi.

Ukucacisa okungakumbi, i-atheroma yinto enamafutha evala imithambo yakho. Iyaqokelelana ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ibangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Olu qokelelo lwe-atheroma (okanye i-plaque) luphawu oluphambili lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis. Ukuba une-atherosclerosis, oko kuthetha ukuba unolu qokelelo lwe-plaque kwimithambo yakho. Olu qokelelo lunokukhula kancinci ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iimpawu .

Oku kwakheka kweplaque kunokuqala kwasekuqaleni kweminyaka yakho yamashumi amabini okanye engamashumi amathathu, kuze kuqhubeke ubomi bakho bonke. Kuphenjelelwa kukutya kwethu, indlela esiphila ngayo, kunye nezinto ezibangela imfuza. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, le nkqubo yenzeka ngokukhawuleza kunabanye. Kwaye abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki kwasekuqaleni kobomi babo. Oku kungenxa yezizathu ezinobungozi ezifana nokutshaya okanye imbali yosapho yesifo sentliziyo besebancinci.

I-atherosclerosis inokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Njengoko i-atheroma ikhula, ithatha indawo engakumbi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kwakheka kwe-plaque kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Isifo sokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi esiswini nasemilenzeni)
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi engqondweni)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni)
• I-Mesenteric ischemia (ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi emathunjini)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze imithambo yegazi (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi engalweni nasemilenzeni)
• Isifo semithambo yezintso (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwizintso)
• Isifo semithambo yomqolo (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yomqolo enxulumene nomqolo)

Uyazi njani ukuba une-atheroma? Zithini iimpawu?

Kudla ngokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba une-plaque eyakhayo kwimithambo yakho, kuba kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Enyanisweni, usenokungaziboni naziphi na iimpawu de imithambo yakho ivalwe ubuncinane ngama-70% . Iimpawu onazo ziya kuxhomekeka ekubeni yeyiphi imithambo evalekileyo.

• Ukuba imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (imithambo yegazi yentliziyo) ivaliwe: Uva iintlungu zesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki xa usebenza kwaye ziyancipha xa uphumla (`Stable angina`).
• Ukuba imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinqeni nasemilenzeni (imithambo ye-iliac okanye ye-femoral) ivaliwe: Intlungu emilenzeni iyenzeka ngexesha lomsebenzi, njengokuhamba, kwaye iyakhululeka xa uphumle (`Claudication`).
• Ukuba imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi engqondweni (imithambo ye-carotid) iyavaleka: I-stroke inokwenzeka.
• Ukuba imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi emathunjini (imithambo yegazi ephuma kwi-mesenteric) ivaliwe: Intlungu yesisu emva kokutya (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Postprandial cramps' okanye i-'abdominal angina').
• Ukuba imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwizintso (imithambo yezintso) iyavaleka: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokusebenza kwezintso okunciphileyo kunokwenzeka.

Ngenxa yokuba i-atheroma inokukhula ngaphandle kweempawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa ngezinto ezikubangela umngcipheko, imbali yesifo sentliziyo kusapho lwakho, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, acele uvavanyo lokujonga intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Ngaba le atheroma inokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo xa sele yenziwe?

Enyanisweni, xa i-atheroma ivele , akunakwenzeka ukuyiguqula ngokupheleleyo. Oko kukuthi, kunzima ukuyinyibilikisa nokuyisusa ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze unciphise inkqubela ye-atherosclerosis.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye namayeza anikwe ngugqirha adlala indima enkulu koku. Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-atherosclerosis, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufumane iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula le meko.

Ngoko ke yintoni enokwenziwa ukulawula nokunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-atheroma?

Ngokubanzi, ezi zinto zilandelayo zinceda ukulawula ukwakheka kwe-atheroma kwimithambo yegazi:

• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo. Ukusebenzisa icuba yenye yezona zinto zibangela umngcipheko omkhulu wezifo zentliziyo. Cela uncedo kugqirha wakho ukuba akuncede uyeke.
• Yamkela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo. Kuphephe ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi (njengenyama enamafutha amaninzi, iimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha amaninzi). Yeka ukutya okunamafutha agqithisileyo (ukutya okukhawulezayo, ukutya okupakishwe kwiipakethe). Nciphisa iswekile, ityuwa, kunye neecarbohydrates ezicociweyo (ezifana nesonka).
• Ukuzilolonga. Zama ukufumana ubuncinci imizuzu eli-150 yokuzilolonga okuphakathi ngeveki. Oku kungaba kukuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki. Okanye ungenza omnye umsebenzi owuthandayo (njengokukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ukudada). Kubalulekile ukujonga ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise isicwangciso esitsha sokuzilolonga.
• Sela amayeza akho owayalelweyo kanye njengoko uyalelwe. Amayeza anokunceda ukulawula izinto ezinokubangela i-atherosclerosis (ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol). Xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho.
• Yiya kuvavanyo lwezonyango ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya umngcipheko wakho we-atherosclerosis kunye nezinye izifo zentliziyo. Qiniseka ukuba uya kwiindawo zokudibana nogqirha wakho ngexesha, kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.

Ngamafutshane (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, nokuba uyibiza ngokuba yi-atheroma okanye yi-plaque, la material anamafutha aqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yakho yegazi ayilunganga kwimpilo yakho. Kodwa awuwedwa ekulweni kwakho ne-atherosclerosis. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokucothisa ukwakheka kwale plaque kwimithambo yakho yegazi.Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila efana nokuyeka ukutshaya nokutya ukutya okunempilo kunokunceda ukukhusela imithambo yakho yemithambo iminyaka ezayo. Khumbula, intliziyo esempilweni sisitshixo sobomi obusempilweni! Ngoko ke nyamekela intliziyo yakho.

I- Atheroma, I-Atherosclerosis, I-Cholesterol, Isifo sentliziyo, Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, Uhlaselo lwentliziyo, Istroke