Yintoni i-Aldosterone? Masifumanise ukuba iyichaphazela njani uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi!

Ngaba wakha weva ngeAldosterone? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukhe wayikhankanya, okanye mhlawumbi ukhe weva igama xa ethetha ngoxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi . Enyanisweni yi-hormone encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Inceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba esodium kunye nepotassium emizimbeni yethu kwaye igcina uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi lulawulwa. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngeAldosterone namhlanje ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda, kulungile?

Yintoni i-aldosterone? Ivela phi?

Ngamafutshane, i-Aldosterone yi-hormone eveliswa zii -adrenal glands zakho. Uyazi ukuba zeziphi ezi adrenal glands? Zii-glands ezimbini ezincinci, ezimile okwe-triangular ezibonakala ngathi zii-hats ezincinci phezu kwezintso zakho. Ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu ye-endocrine . Ezi glands zivelisa ii-hormone ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu.

Iihormone zifana neekhemikhali ezithumela imiyalezo elawula ukusebenza kwemizimba yethu. Zihamba ngegazi zize zixelele amalungu omzimba, izihlunu, kunye nezinye izicwili into ekufuneka yenziwe kunye nexesha ekufuneka yenziwe ngalo.

Ngoku, le hormone , i-Aldosterone, ilawula amanqanaba esodium kunye ne-potassium egazini lakho. Ezi sodium kunye ne-potassium zibizwa ngokuba zii-electrolytes . Ezi zezona zinto zinceda ukugcina ulwelo lomzimba lulungelelene kwaye zinceda imithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha isebenze kakuhle. Kwakhona, i-Aldosterone ilawula ubungakanani bamanzi aphinda afunxwe zizintso. Oku kwandisa umthamo wegazi kwaye kuchaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ngoko ke, nokuba amanqanaba akho e-aldosterone aphantsi okanye aphezulu, anokuchaphazela impilo yakho.

Yeyiphi inkonzo enikezelwa yi-aldosterone emizimbeni yethu?

Umsebenzi ophambili we-Aldosterone kukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. Inegalelo kulo msebenzi ubalulekileyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• I-Aldosterone inika amalungu omzimba afana nezintso zakho kunye nekholoni ukuba anyuse ubungakanani besodium eyongeziweyo egazini lakho okanye anyuse ubungakanani bepotassium ephuma kumchamo wakho.
• Xa amanqanaba esodium enyuka ngale ndlela, umzimba uqala ukugcina amanzi, nto leyo enyusa umthamo wegazi.

Konke oku kubalulekile, xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi, ukuze lubuyele kwinqanaba elisempilweni.

Ngokungathanga ngqo, i-aldosterone ikwanceda ekugcineni i-pH (oko kukuthi, ibhalansi ye-acid-base) kunye namanqanaba e-electrolyte egazini lakho.

Alawulwa njani amanqanaba e-aldosterone? Makhe sijonge ngokusondeleyo!

I-Aldosterone yinxalenye yenethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yeehomoni, ii-enzymes, iiproteni, kunye neempendulo ezibizwa ngokuba yiRenin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) . Inoxanduva olukhulu lokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Cinga ngale nkqubo njengenyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, xa uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lusehla , i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-renin ikhutshwa egazini lakho isuka kwizintso zakho.

2. Le renin iyaphula iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-angiotensinogen , eyenziwa esibindini sakho. Enye yezi nxalenye yi -angiotensin I. Le ayisebenzi ngelo xesha, oko kuthetha ukuba ayinampembelelo ingako.

3. Emva koko, i-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) evela emiphungeni yakho ingena ize yaphule le Angiotensin I ibe ziingceba ezingaphezulu. Enye yezo zingceba yi-hormone esebenzayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Angiotensin II .

4. Kulapho i-Angiotensin II yenza khona umsebenzi obalulekileyo:

• Enye kukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokubangela ukuba iindonga zemisipha yemithambo yegazi emincinci (ii-arterioles) zifinyele.
• Enye into kukuba "inika imiqondiso" kwi-adrenal glands yakho ukuba ikhuphe i-aldosterone.
• Ikwaxelela i-pituitary gland yakho ukuba ikhuphe i-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) , eyaziwa ngokuba yiVasopressin .

5. Ngoko ke, i-Aldosterone kunye ne-ADH ziyasebenzisana ukuxelela izintso ukuba zigcine i-sodium emzimbeni. I-Aldosterone ibangela ukuba izintso zikhuphe i-potassium kumchamo. Xa amanqanaba e-sodium egazini enyuka, amanzi ayagcinwa emzimbeni. Oku kwandisa umthamo wegazi kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Le yindlela egqitywa ngayo iRenin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System. Ngaba uyayiqonda loo nkqubo?

Le nkqubo ingasetyenziswa nakwezinye iihomoni ezifana nee-corticosteroids , i-estrogen, kunye neehomoni ze-thyroid .

Ukuba kukho ingxaki nakweyiphi na inxalenye yale nkqubo, inokuchaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba esodium kunye nepotassium. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi, njenge-cholesterol ephezulu, i-genetics, kunye namayeza athile.

Ungayijonga njani inqanaba le-aldosterone?

Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukujonga iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-aldosterone luvavanyo lwe-Aldosterone: Renin Ratio . Ngenxa yokuba i-renin kunye ne-aldosterone zihlobene kakhulu, olu vavanyo lunokumisela ukuba ingxaki yingxaki nje yokuveliswa nokusebenza kwe-aldosterone, okanye ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo ye-renin-angiotensin ngokwayo.

Kule Aldosterone: Renin Ratio Test, isampuli yegazi idla ngokuthathwa kumthambo osengalweni yakho.

Oogqirha banokulinganisa ubungakanani be-aldosterone egazini lakho kunye/okanye kumchamo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lokufakwa kwe-catheter ukuze kuthathwe isampuli yegazi kumthambo osezintsoni zakho (we-renin) okanye kumthambo osezintsoni zakho (we-aldosterone). Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa esibhedlele yingcali ye-radiologist eqeqeshwe ngokukodwa.

Zithini iinqanaba eziqhelekileyo ze-aldosterone?

Amaxabiso aqhelekileyo amanqanaba e-aldosterone anokwahluka kancinci ukusuka kwilabhoratri ukuya kwenye. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba ujonga uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwingxelo yakho yelabhoratri, okanye ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwamanqanaba e-aldosterone egazini luyahluka ngokweminyaka. Ngokubanzi, amanqanaba aqhelekileyo ngala alandelayo:

• Kwiintsana ezineenyanga ezi-1 ukuya kwezili-12: 5.8 – 110.0 nanograms ngedesilitha nganye (ng/dL)
• Kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwemi-5 ubudala: < 36.0 ng/dL
• Kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kweyi-9 ubudala: < 24.0 ng/dL
• Kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-11 ubudala: < 15.0 ng/dL
• Kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-12 ukuya kweli-14 ubudala: < 22.0 ng/dL
• Kubantu abaselula abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kweli-17: 3.0 – 32.0 ng/dL
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-99 ubudala: 3.1 – 35.4 ng/dL

Xa ujonga amanqanaba e-aldosterone kuvavanyo lomchamo lweeyure ezingama-24, uluhlu oluqhelekileyo luphakathi kwe-3 ukuya kwi-25 micrograms kwiiyure ezingama-24 (3 ukuya kwi-25 mcg/iiyure ezingama-24).

Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-aldosterone ayanda?

Xa amanqanaba e-aldosterone ephezulu kunesiqhelo, sibiza oko ngokuba yi-hyperaldosteronism .

Eyona nto ibangela oku yiPrimary Aldosteronism , eyaziwa ngokuba yiConn's syndrome . Le meko ibangelwa sisimila esingengomhlaza (esingenabungozi) esidla ngokukhula kwenye yeendlala zakho zeadrenal.Oku kubangela ukuba i-gland ivelise i-aldosterone engaphezulu kunokuba kufanele. Xa amanqanaba e-aldosterone enyuka, amanqanaba e-sodium ayanda ( hypernatremia ) kwaye amanqanaba e-potassium ayancipha ( hypokalemia ). Oku kunokubangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte.

Iimpawu ze-aldosterone ephezulu

Kwimeko ye-aldosteronism eyintloko, oko kukuthi, xa amanqanaba e-aldosterone ephakanyisiwe, iimpawu ezinje ngezi:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha , ingakumbi ukuba amanqanaba e-potassium aphantsi kakhulu
• Ukoma kakhulu kunye nokuchama rhoqo

Ukuba unale mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-aldosterone ehla?

Xa amanqanaba e-aldosterone esezantsi kunesiqhelo, sibiza ngokuba yi -hypoaldosteronism . Oku kukungabikho kwe-aldosterone, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwayo. Xa amanqanaba e-aldosterone esezantsi, amanqanaba e-sodium ayancipha ( hyponatremia ), amanqanaba e-potassium ayanda ( hyperkalemia ), kwaye umzimba uvelisa i-asidi eninzi kakhulu ( i-metabolic acidosis ).

Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela i-hypoaldosteronism:

• Isifo sika-Addison: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga. Sikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Primary Adrenal Insufficiency . Sisifo esibangelwa kukuzimela komzimba . Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba ihlasela inxalenye engaphandle (i-cortex) yamadlala e-adrenal. Zombini iihomoni i-aldosterone kunye ne-cortisol ziveliswa apho. Oku kubangela ukuba amanqanaba eehomoni zombini ehle.
• I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH): Eli liqela lezifo zemfuza ezichaphazela amadlala e-adrenal. Abantu abane-CAH bazalwa beneziphene kwii-enzyme ezithile ezifunekayo ukwenza iihomoni eziveliswa ngamadlala e-adrenal.
• Iimeko ezithile zempilo: Abantu abanesifo seswekile, isifo sezintso, ityhefu yelothe, okanye iimeko zempilo ezinzulu banokuba ne-hypoaldosteronism.
• Amanye amayeza: Amayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) , iHeparinLe meko inokubangelwa namayeza anikwayo ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo.

Iimpawu ze-aldosterone ephantsi

Ngokubanzi, amanqanaba aphantsi e-aldosterone (i-Hypoaldosteronism) anokubangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension)
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia)

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-hypoaldosteronism yakho, usenokuba neempawu ezongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, kwisifo sika-Addison, amanqanaba aphantsi e-cortisol anokubangela utshintsho lolusu (njengamabala amnyama kunye nokugoba kwesikhumba) kunye namanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini ( hypoglycemia ).

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Aldosterone yihomoni ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba unengxaki yokugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi olusempilweni kwaye unezitshintsho kumanqanaba akho e-potassium egazini, licebo elihle ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nezinye iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye novavanyo olongezelelweyo. Emva koko unoku-odola iimvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba iimpawu zakho zibangelwa ngamanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-aldosterone.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe! Hlala usempilweni!

I- Aldosterone, i-Aldosterone, iHormone, Uxinzelelo lwegazi, ii-Adrenal Glands, iSodium, iPotassium