Izinto Ezibangela Umlutha: Ngaba siyazazi ezi zinto ziyingozi?

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni abantu bethanda izinto ezithile lula kangaka? Mhlawumbi ukhe wababona abantu abanjalo bekungqongileyo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezinto ezi “zizinto ezibangela umlutha”, ukuba ziyingozi kangakanani, kwaye ungazisusa na. Le yingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu, kuba zinokuchaphazela nabani na, nangaliphi na ixesha.

Zithini ezi "Zinto Ezibangela Umlutha"?

Ngamafutshane, la ngamakhemikhali, amayeza, okanye iziyobisi esizikhobokisayo kwaye esingenakuziyeka ukuzisebenzisa. Ngokuchanekileyo, le yimeko engapheliyo . Oko kukuthi, nangona uyazi ukuba ezi zinto ziyingozi kuwe, uyaqhubeka nokuzifuna. Kufana nokutsalwa yimagnethi.

Ngoku, makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi eziwela kolu didi. Ezinye zazo usenokuba ukhe weva ngazo, ezinye zisenokuba zintsha kancinci:

• Utywala : Akukho nto ikhethekileyo onokuyithetha ngale nto.
• I-Caffeine : Ewe, ewe, i-caffeine ekwiti nakwikofu esiyiselayo ikwakweli qela. Kodwa isiphumo sixhomekeke kubungakanani.
• I-Cannabis/Intsangu : Le yinto ekuthethwa ngayo kakhulu ngoku.
• IiHallucinogens : Imizekelo iquka iPhencyclidine (PCP) kunye neLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ezi zinokubangela ukuba ubone izinto ongaziboniyo okanye uzive izinto ongazivayo.
• Ii-hypnotics, i-sedative kunye ne-anxiolytics : Oku kuquka amayeza afana ne-`(Benzodiazepines)` kunye ne-`(Barbiturates)`. Nokuba ugqirha uwanike, anokuba ngumlutha ukuba asetyenziswa gwenxa.
• Izinto zokuphefumla : Izinto ezifana nezinto zokunciphisa ipeyinti, ezinye izitshizi ze-aerosol, iigesi, kunye nee-nitrites. Ezi ziyingozi kakhulu.
• Ii-opioids ezisetyenziswa ngugqirha kunye nezingasetyenziswa ngugqirha : Oku kuquka iintlungu ezifana ne-`(Codeine)`, `(Oxycodone)`, kunye neyeza `(Heroin)`.
• Izinto ezikhuthazayo ezisetyenziswa ngugqirha kunye nezingasetyenziswa ngugqirha : Ezi ziquka iAdderall® (equlethe i-amphetamine/dextroamphetamine), i-cocaine, kunye ne-methamphetamine (meth).
• Icuba/I-Nicotine : Ukutshaya iicuba, ukusebenzisa iicuba ze-elektroniki (ii-e-cigarettes okanye i-vaping) zonke ziwela kolu luhlu.

Igama elithi 'izinto' ngokwalo liyenza icace into yokuba oku akupheleli nje 'kwiipowder'. Zininzi izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokuba ngumlutha kwaye zibe yingozi kwimpilo yethu ngaphandle kokuba siqaphele.

Zeziphi izinto ezibangela umlutha kakhulu? Kutheni kunjalo?

Uphando lufumanise ukuba ezinye izinto zibangela umlutha ngakumbi kunezinye. Ezona zibalaseleyo kwezi:

• Utywala
• I-cocaine
• I-Heroin
• I-Methamphetamine
• I-Nicotine

Khumbula, ayizizo zonke izinto ezibangela umlutha ngokulinganayo. Amathuba okuba umntu abe likhoboka lezinto ezithile, okanye "uxanduva lwakhe lomlutha," ayahluka kumntu nomntu. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Indlela oyisebenzisa ngayo: Umzekelo, iziphumo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni uyithatha ngomlomo, uyifake ngenaliti, okanye uyiphefumle. Okukhona ingena ngokukhawuleza egazini, kokukhona umngcipheko wokuba likhoboka layo uyanda.
• Isantya efikelela ngaso engqondweni kunye nendlela evuselela ngayo "iziko lolonwabo" lobuchopho (indlela yomvuzo): Ezinye izinto ziya ngqo engqondweni zize ziqalise inkqubo yeekhemikhali esenza sizive sonwabile kwaye sanelisekile. Kufana 'nokukhaba' kancinci engqondweni. Ikwachaphazela isantya enqumla ngaso "umqobo wegazi-ubuchopho'".
• Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uve iziphumo zokusebenzisa esi sixhobo: Okukhona iziphumo zivakala ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unethuba lokuba uphinde usisebenzise.
• Oku kunokukhokelela ekwandeni "kokunyamezelana" komzimba kunye/okanye amathuba okuba "neempawu zokurhoxa": siza kuthetha ngale nto kamva.

Zithini "iZinto eziLawulwayo"?

'Izinto ezilawulwayo' ziziyobisi okanye iikhemikhali ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe gwenxa kwaye zibe nomngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana iSifo sokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (SUD) . Ezi azinakuthengwa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara.

Umzekelo, eMelika, kukho imithetho engqongqo malunga nokwenziwa nokusasazwa kwamayeza alawulwa ngugqirha. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-morphine (i-painkiller) kunye ne-methylphenidate (isivuseleli). Kwakhona akukho mthethweni ukuba nezinto ezilawulwa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, ezifana ne-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) kunye ne-heroin.

I-Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) yahlule ezi zinto zilawulwayo zibe ziindidi ezintlanu, okanye "iishedyuli," ezinika umbono wobungozi bazo kunye nenqanaba lolawulo ezilufunayo.

• Ishedyuli yoku-1: La ngamayeza anamandla aphezulu okusetyenziswa gwenxa kunye nokulutha. Imizekelo: `(Heroin)`, `(LSD)`, `(MDMA)` kunye ne-marijuana `(Marijuana)`. (Nangona i-marijuana isemthethweni kwamanye amazwe aseMelika, isekule nqanaba kwinqanaba likarhulumente.)
• Ishedyuli yesiBini: Ezi zikwanomngcipheko omkhulu wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kunye nokulutha. Imizekelo: `(Fentanyl)`, `(Morphine)`, `(Methamphetamine)` kunye `(Oxycodone)`. Oogqirha kufuneka balandele imithetho engqongqo xa benika la mayeza (umz. ukungawaphindi asetyenziswe).
• Ishedyuli yesi-3: La mayeza anomngcipheko omncinci wokusetyenziswa gwenxa, kodwa anomngcipheko othile wokulutha. Imizekelo: I-Benzphetamine, i-Ketamine, kunye ne-Anabolic steroids. La mayeza akwanemida yexesha lokukhululwa kwawo (umz., anokunikwa izihlandlo ezihlanu kuphela kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu).
• Ishedyuli yesi-IV: Inomngcipheko ophantsi wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kunye nokulutha kuneshedyuli ezintathu zokuqala. Imizekelo: `(Clonazepam)`, `(Diazepam)`, `(Lorazepam)`, `(Tramadol)` kunye `(Triazolam)`. Nokuba iyeza liphinde lakhutshwa, lijongwa ngokusondeleyo.
• Ishedyuli V: La ngamayeza anamandla aphantsi okusebenzisa kakubi okanye ukulutha, kodwa awanawo umngcipheko othile. Imizekelo: Amanye amayeza aqulethe `(Codeine)`, amayeza okulwa norhudo aqulethe `(Atropine/diphenoxylate)`, `(Pregabalin)`. Oogqirha baya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo ngelixa unyangwa ngala mayeza.

Nangona olu hlobo lolwahlulo lungafani eSri Lanka, lungasinika umbono wokuba izinto ezithile kufuneka zilawulwe njani kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.

Kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni nasemzimbeni xa sisebenzisa ezi zinto?

Isiphumo esikhawulezileyo sokusebenzisa into ethile sibizwa ngokuba "yi-intoxication." Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka apha:

• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo: Ungaziva unomsindo ngequbuliso okanye ulele. Ungaziva wonwabile kakhulu kwaye unamandla. Ungaziva urhanela okanye udidekile ngamanye amaxesha.
• Izinto ezingabonakaliyo: Ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo ngokwenene.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokucinga nokukwazi ukwenza izigqibo: ukungakwazi ukukhetha okulungileyo kokungalunganga, ukudideka kwindlela yokucinga.
• Ubunzima bokulungelelanisa izinto: Ukugxadazela xa uhamba, ubunzima bokubamba izinto.
• Ukwanda okanye ukuncipha komnqweno wokutya: Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinto esetyenzisiweyo.

Indlela oziva ngayo ixhomekeke kwinto oyithathileyo, ukuba uthathile malini, nokuba ubunazo ezinye iziyobisi okanye amayeza emzimbeni wakho ngelo xesha.

Ukurhoxiswa kweziyobisi

Xa usebenzisa into rhoqo nangokuqhubekayo, umzimba wakho uyayiqhela. Kufana nento oyenzayo yonke imihla. Emva koko, xa uyeka ngequbuliso ukuyisebenzisa, okanye xa iziphumo zayo emzimbeni wakho ziphela, uqala ukuba neempawu ezingathandekiyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "ziimpawu zokurhoxa" okanye "ziimpawu zokuyekisa."

Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokurhoxa:

• Ukuphazamiseka
• Ukuziva ubanda (Ukugodola)
• Urhudo
• Ubunzima bokulala
• Iintlungu zemisipha
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukuqaqamba kwesisu
• Ukubila

Ubunzima bezi mpawu zokurhoxa buxhomekeke kwinto obuyisebenzisa kunye nokuba umzimba wakho sele uyiqhelile kangakanani (ukuzinyamezela). Ezinye izinto, ezifana nee-opioids, zinokubangela iimpawu zokurhoxa ezinzima kangangokuba unokufuna ukuzisebenzisa kwakhona ukuze unciphise iintlungu. Yiyo loo nto ingxaki yokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nzima ukunyanga.

Impembelelo engqondweni

Ezi zinto zibangela umlutha zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo "iziko lolonwabo" engqondweni yakho. Cinga ngako, sonke ngokwebhayoloji sifuna ukuziva sonwabile kwaye sanelisekile. Uninzi lwexesha, sifumana olu lonwabo kwizinto ezilungileyo nezisempilweni. Xa uchitha ixesha nomntu omthandayo, okanye xa usitya isidlo esimnandi, umzimba wakho uvelisa ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine . Le dopamine yiyo esenza sonwabe kwaye sanelisekile. Ngoko ke kufana nomjikelo - ufumana iimvakalelo ezilungileyo, ngoko ke ufuna ukwenza ezo zinto kwakhona.

Uyazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa usela ezi zinto zibangela umlutha? Ingqondo yakho ngequbuliso ivelisa inani elikhulu le-dopamine. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokwenziwa kwayo idala ulonwabo oluninzi. Eli nqanaba liphezulu le-dopamine linokubangela utshintsho oluyingozi kwiingcinga zakho, iimvakalelo zakho, kunye nokuziphatha kwakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ulandele ulonwabo olungengolwemvelo olufumana kwezi zinto kunolonwabo olufumana kwezo zinto ziphilileyo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi zinto zitshintsha ikhemistri yengqondo yakho. Emva koko, awusaziva ulonwabo olufanayo nolwalo owawuluthatha ngaphambili. Oku kuthetha ukuba uphuhlisa "ukukwazi" ukusebenzisa le nto. Emva koko, kufuneka usebenzise le nto ngakumbi nangakumbi ukuze ufumane ulonwabo olufanayo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekusebenziseni ngakumbi nangakumbi, ukuthatha iidosi eziyingozi, okanye ukuxuba izinto ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana "nokugqithisa."

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokusebenzisa nje nokuba likhoboka?

Ukusebenzisa nje iziyobisi (ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi) kunye nokusebenzisa iziyobisi gwenxa (ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi) kwahlukile kwindlela engapheliyo, eqhelekileyo ekhokelela kwiSifo soKusebenzisa iziyobisi (i-SUD) . Umntu angasebenzisa into ethile ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba yi-"SUD".

Kodwa, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana elo thuba. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba ulisebenzisa gwenxa izihlandlo ezimbalwa, umzimba wakho unokuliqhela (ukunyamezelana) kwaye linokuba ngumlutha. Oko kuthetha ukuba ungawela kulo mgibe lula kunokuba ucinga.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ingxaki yokusebenzisa iziyobisi yimeko enokunyangeka. Ukuba ukulungele, kukho unyango, iingcebiso, kunye namayeza anokukunceda ulawule le meko ingapheliyo.

Sifanele siyikhathalele njani le nto kubomi bemihla ngemihla?

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banika amayeza athile ukunceda kwiintlungu ezinzima emva kotyando okanye ukulawula imeko engapheliyo. Kukwakho neekhemikhali zasekhaya (umz., isitshizi sokucoca ikhibhodi). Ezi zizinto eziyimfuneko.

Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezi mveliso nako kuxhaphakile. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo malunga namayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho okanye iimveliso onazo ekhaya. Zigcine kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kwaye uzisebenzise kuphela njengoko kuyalelwe .

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo usenokuba sengozini yokuba nesifo sokulutha, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha . Bakho ukukunceda nanini na xa ukulungele. Ungoyiki, ungabi nantloni. Oku kunokwenzeka nakubani na, kwaye kukho uncedo loku.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, mhlawumbi ufumene umbono wokuba ezi zinto ziyingozi kangakanani, kwaye kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba uzazi.

• Ukuba likhoboka akubobuthathaka, sisifo: kunokuchaphazela nabani na. Ngoko ke akulunganga ukubekela omnye umntu ecaleni.
• Amandla okulutha ento nganye ahlukile: ezinye izinto zinokuba ngumlutha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba sicinga.
• Kwanamayeza abhalwe ngugqirha angaba yingozi ukuba awasetyenziswanga kakuhle: Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho rhoqo.
• Ingqondo yakho ikhula ukunyamezela ezi zinto: Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha uzifuna ezingakumbi. Oku kuyingozi.
• Ukurhoxa kunokuba nzima kakhulu: Yiyo loo nto abantu abaninzi bethanda ukuphinda basebenzise.
• Lukho uncedo! Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unengxaki, kukho oogqirha kunye nabacebisi abanokukunceda. Musa ukubandezeleka wedwa.

Ukuthetha ngale nto kunokuba nzima. Kodwa, ukuqaphela linyathelo lokuqala. Wena nosapho lwakho kufuneka nithethe ngale nto nize niqaphele. Kulapho kuphela apho sinokuphepha khona le migibe size siphile ubomi obusempilweni. Ukuba uneminye imibuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha.

Umlutha , iziyobisi, utywala, i-nicotine, ingxaki yokusebenzisa iziyobisi, impilo yengqondo, i-dopamine