Ukwamkelwa Komntwana Owamkelweyo: Iinyaniso Zezonyango Okufuneka Uzazi

Ngaba ucinga ngokuthatha umntwana? Okanye unomdla kuko? Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyinto enoxanduva kakhulu kwaye intle ngokwenene. Kodwa kukho inkalo yezonyango kule nkqubo ekufuneka siyinike ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane, ukuthatha umntwana yinkqubo yentlalo, yeemvakalelo neyomthetho apho umntwana ongazange afumane ithuba lokukhula nabazali bakhe bokuzalwa eba lilungu lolunye usapho, efumana uthando nenkathalo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthatha umntwana. Umzekelo, kunokubakho ukuthathwa kwabantwana ngokukhululekileyo apho abazali bomntwana bokuzalwa baziwa kwaye baqhagamshelwa, kunye nokuthathwa kwabantwana ngokuvaliweyo apho kungekho lwazi lunjalo. Kunokwenzeka nokuba uthathe umntwana omnye okanye iqela labantakwabo noodadewabo. Enyanisweni, akukho ukuthathwa kwabantwana ababini okufanayo. ESri Lanka, ungamthatha umntwana ngeSebe leeNkonzo zoVavanyo kunye noKhuseleko lwaBantwana okanye ngenkqubo yenkundla. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka nokuba uthathe umntwana kwilungu losapho olude ('ukuthathwa kwabantwana ngokunxulumene'). Ukuba uceba ukuthatha umntwana, kuya kufuneka usebenzisane ngokusondeleyo neengcali ezahlukeneyo kuyo yonke le nkqubo. Ezi ziquka:

• Abameli bezomthetho (njengamagqwetha okuthatha umntwana).
• Iiarhente zentlalo-ntle yabantwana kunye/okanye zokuthathwa kwabantwana (iSebe leeNgcali zoVavanyo eSri Lanka).
• Abasebenzi bezentlalo.
• Iingcali zezingane.

Phakathi kwezi, oogqirha babantwana liqela elibalulekileyo leengcali ezinceda iintsapho ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonyango zabantwana abadlula kwinkqubo yokwamkelwa. Oku kuquka ukunakekelwa komntwana ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo, ngokukhula, nangokweemvakalelo.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukucinga ngempilo yabantwana abakhuliswe ngabanye abantu?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, ‘Kutheni kukho iingxaki ezininzi kangaka zempilo ngabantwana abamkelweyo?’ Enyanisweni, aba bantwana banokufumana izifo ezininzi, njengaye nawuphi na omnye umntwana. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba abantwana abamkelweyo banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana iingxaki ezithile zomzimba, zophuhliso, nezengqondo kunabanye abantwana. Ezi ngozi ziyinyani. Kodwa ngothando, inkathalo, izixhobo kunye nenkxaso oyinikelayo, unokunceda umntwana wakho aphumelele kwaye onwabe, nokuba unezi meko zempilo.

Kutheni abantwana abakhuliswe ngabanye abantu besengozini enkulu yeengxaki zempilo?

Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Cinga ngokuba abanye abantwana basenokuba abazange bazifumane ezi zinto besebancinci, nokuba besesibelekweni okanye emva nje kokuzalwa:

• Iinkonzo zempilo zangaphambi kokubeleka nasemva kokubeleka.
• Isondlo esifanelekileyo.
• Iimfuno zomzimba okanye zeemvakalelo (izinto ezikhuthaza uphuhliso).
• Ukukhuselwa kwiityhefu okanye kwiintsholongwane (umz. izifo ezisulelayo ), ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa.

Ukongeza, abantwana abaninzi basenokuba banamava anzima kwiminyaka yabo yokuqala. Sibiza la mava amabi obuntwana (ACEs) . Ezi zihlala ziziganeko ezibangela umntwana intlungu enkulu. Ezi ACE zinokuchaphazela impilo yengqondo neyomzimba yomntu ubomi bakhe bonke. Eminye imizekelo yeACE ibandakanya:

• Ukuxhatshazwa nokungahoywa komntwana ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokweemvakalelo, okanye ngokwesondo.
• Ubundlobongela basekhaya, ukuchanabeka kubundlobongela kuluntu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yindlu esisigxina, ukufuduka rhoqo, okanye imeko-bume yekhaya engazinzile.
• Abanakekeli batshintsha rhoqo, baba nabanakekeli abaninzi, okanye abazali baqhawula umtshato.
• Ukujongana neentlekele zemvelo.
• Ukusweleka kwelungu losapho okanye umntu omthandayo.
• Ukuxhaphazwa ngabanye abantu.

Izifundo zibonise ukuba amava abuhlungu asekuqaleni afana nala anokuba nemiphumo yexesha elide ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo. Uxinzelelo olungapheliyo olubangelwa ngala mava lunokuba nemiphumo yexesha elide kwimpilo yomzimba.

Iingxaki zempilo ezinokuvela kubantwana abamkelweyo

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo aba bantwana abanazo.

Iimeko zempilo yomzimba

Phakathi kwama-30% nama-80% abantwana abakwindawo yokugcinwa kwabantwana abangengobazali babo banemeko enye yempilo yomzimba. Malunga nama-33% abo banemeko yempilo engapheliyo. Ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo zempilo yomzimba ziquka:

• Ukusilela kokukhula kunye nokungabikho kokutya okunempilo .
• Isifuba .
• Ukutyeba kakhulu .
• Iingxaki zokubona.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuva.
• Iimeko ze-neurological .
• Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (iiSTI).
• Iimeko ezingapheliyo ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukongeza, ukuba bekukho ukungondleki ngaphambili, ukungabikho kwe-iron, i-calcium, kunye ne-vitamin D kunokukhula. Kukwafunyaniswe ukuba malunga nama-20% abantwana abakwindawo yokugcina abantwana abaneengxaki ezinkulu zamazinyo.

Ubunzima beemvakalelo

Ukwahlula umntwana kusapho lwakhe lokuqala nendawo ayiqhelileyo kuyothusa kakhulu. Abantwana ababekwindawo yokhathalelo lwabantwana abangengobazali, ababekwimeko yokhathalelo oluhlala luhleli, kwaye abaye batshintsha indawo abakuyo, banokuhlangabezana nobunzima beemvakalelo nangakumbi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imingeni eza nokongeza okutsha ekhayeni lakho nakusapho lwakho njengoko beqhelana nendawo yabo entsha. Umntwana wakho angabonisa oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuzama ukuhlala kude nabanye abantu nokuba wedwa.
• Ukugqabhuka komsindo ngequbuliso kunye nokukhwaza okukhulu (ukucaphuka okukhulu).
• Ukuba nolaka, ukungathobeli.
• Ukukhala kakhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukuyeka.
• Ukungakwazi ukwenza izinto ezazifundiwe ngaphambili (umz., ukutya wedwa, ukuqokelela amathoyizi) kwakhona.
• Iingxaki zokungalali.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela.

Nangona umntwana eza kuqhelana kancinci kancinci nekhaya elitsha, abantwana abaninzi baya kuziva bebuhlungu ngokuphulukana nabanakekeli babo bangaphambili, abahlobo, isikolo, kunye nemeko yasekhaya. Yiba nolwazi olupheleleyo malunga nendlela onokumnceda ngayo umntwana wakho kule nguqu. Umonde ubalulekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi ngxaki zeemvakalelo zinzima okanye zihlala ixesha elide, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha wezingane womntwana wakho okanye kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo .

Iimeko zempilo yengqondo

Kumazwe afana ne-United States, abantwana abaninzi abaye bakhuliswa ngabazali babo baye bachaphazeleka kukwenzakala kwengqondo. Oku kubabeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba neemeko zempilo yengqondo. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zempilo yengqondo ziquka:

• Iingxaki zokuxhalaba.
• Iingxaki zokutya.
• Iingxaki zeemvakalelo, ezinje ngokudakumba kunye nokuphambana.
• Ingxaki yoxinzelelo emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu (PTSD).

Ukongeza, abantwana abancinci abakwindawo yokunyamekela abantwana abangengobabo banamathuba amaninzi okuzama ukuzibulala nokuba neengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi kunabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yabo abangekho kwindawo yokunyamekela abantwana abangengobabo.

Iimeko zokuziphatha

Phakathi kwama-50% nama-75% abantwana abakwindawo yokugcinwa kwabantwana abangengobazali baneengxaki zokuziphatha okanye zezakhono zentlalo ezifuna unyango. Ezona meko zixhaphakileyo zizifo ezichaseneyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha. Ukulimala komntwana, amava angathandekiyo, kunye noxinzelelo olunobungozi kunokunxulunyaniswa nezi ndlela zilandelayo zokuziphatha:

• Ubuthathaka ekulawuleni iimvakalelo.
• Ubundlobongela.
• Ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo.
• Ukungakhathalelwa.
• Ukungakhethi buso.

Ezi meko zandisa umngcipheko wazo wokuba neengxaki zokuziphatha.

Iimeko zophuhliso

Phakathi kwama-46% nama-60% abantwana abakwindawo yokunyamekela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithandathu ubudala banokukhubazeka okuthile kokukhula. Oku kungabandakanya:

• Ukulibaziseka kokuthetha.
• Ukulibaziseka kwemisipha kancinci (umz., ubunzima bokucinezela amaqhosha, ukubamba ipensele).
• Ukulibaziseka okukhulu kwemisipha (umz., ubunzima bokubaleka, ukutsiba, ukubamba ibhola).
• Ukukhubazeka ekufundeni okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentlalo-ngokweemvakalelo.

Ezi meko ziqala ngexesha lokukhula komntwana. Zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemihla ngemihla kwaye zinokuhlala ubomi bonke. Ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kolwimi kunye nokulibaziseka kuqheleke kakhulu. Umzekelo:

• Ingxaki yokucubungula amaza (APD) (ubunzima bokuqonda oko kuviwayo).
• I-Aphasia (ubunzima bokusebenzisa okanye ukuqonda ulwimi).
• Ingxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentetho ebuntwaneni (ingxaki yokulungelelaniswa kwemisipha efunekayo ukuze umntu athethe).
• I-Dysarthria (ukungakwazi ukubiza amagama ngokucacileyo ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha ngexesha lokuthetha).

Ingxaki yokunqongophala kwengqwalasela/yokusebenza kakhulu (i-ADHD) yimeko yophuhliso lwemithambo-luvo edla ngokubonwa kubantwana abakhuliswa ngabanye abantwana.

Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kwimpilo xa kuthathwa abantwana ngabanye abantu

Ukuba umntwana uthathwa kwelinye ilizwe (ukuthathwa kwamanye amazwe), umntwana unokuba neengxaki zempilo yomzimba kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhula. Izifo ezosulelayo kunye nokungabikho kokutya okunempilo zihlala zizinto eziphambili ezifunyanwa ngoogqirha xa umntwana efika kweli lizwe. Abantwana abathathwa kwamanye amazwe phantse bahlala benokulibaziseka ubuncinane kwindawo enye yophuhliso, kwaye malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana banokuba nokulibaziseka kuzo zonke iindawo (ukulibaziseka kwehlabathi). Ukufumana iirekhodi zonyango zabantwana kwamanye amazwe ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Kwakhona, ezo rekhodi zisenokungaphelelanga okanye zibe nolwazi olungachanekanga. Amazwe amaninzi alandela iishedyuli ezahlukeneyo zokugonywa. Ke ngoko, ukuba umntwana ovela kwelinye ilizwe ugonyiwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphonononga ezo rekhodi nogqirha wezingane ukuqinisekisa ukuba akaphoswanga naluphi na ugonyo olucetyiswayo. Ukuba uceba ukwamkela umntwana ovela kwelinye ilizwe, buza iingcali malunga neemfuno zempilo umntwana anokuba nazo ngokuxhomekeke kwilizwe avela kulo kunye nendlela ongazilungiselela ngayo.

Cinga nangempilo yamanye amalungu osapho.

Xa wongeza ilungu elitsha kusapho lwakho, kufuneka uqwalasele impilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle kosapho lwakho olukhoyo. Thetha neengcali zokwamkela umntwana ngendlela yokunceda usapho lwakho luhlengahlengise kakuhle olu tshintsho lukhulu. Babuze ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka baziqaphele, ezinje ngokukhuphisana nabazalwana nomona. Nika amalungu osapho lwakho akhoyo ingqalelo kwaye uchithe ixesha kunye nawo umntu ngamnye nanini na xa kunokwenzeka. Ngokufanayo, abazali banokuhlangabezana nengxaki ebizwa ngokuba kukudinwa ngumgcini-ntsapho ngelixa bedlula kwinkqubo yokwamkela umntwana. Ngamafutshane, oku kukudinwa ngokomzimba, ngokweemvakalelo, nangokwengqondo okuvela ekunikeleni ixesha kunye nomgudu kwimpilo nokhuseleko lomnye umntu. Cinga ngokujoyina iqela lenkxaso okanye ukubona umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ukukunceda wena nosapho lwakho nidlule kweli xesha linzima. Kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo kubantu obathandayo obathembayo.

Yintoni omele uyazi malunga nempilo yomntwana ngaphambi kokuba umthathe njengomntwana wakhe?

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe umntwana abe ngowakho – okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba uthathe umntwana – zama ukuqokelela ulwazi oluninzi lwezempilo ngaye. Kuya kufuneka usebenze nabantu abaninzi ukuze ufumane olu lwazi:

• I-arhente yokwamkela umntwana okanye inkqubo yokhathalelo lwabantwana abangengobakhe (eSri Lanka, iSebe loVavanyo).
• Igqwetha lakho lokuthathwa komntwana.
• Abazali bomntwana kunye/okanye usapho lwakhe (ukuba kunokwenzeka).
• Iinkqubo zesibhedlele kunye nababoneleli beenkonzo zonyango bangaphambili okanye bangoku bomntwana.
• Isikolo somntwana sangaphambili kunye/okanye sangoku.

Ulwazi lwezempilo ekufuneka uzame ukulifumana lulandelayo:

• Fumanisa naziphi na iimeko zomzimba, zengqondo, zophuhliso, okanye zokuziphatha umntwana anazo okanye awayenazo ngaphambili, kunye nazo naziphi na iimeko zokulaliswa esibhedlele okanye utyando.
• Ulwazi lwerekhodi yokuzalwa, umzekelo, ubudala bokukhulelwa, ubunzima bokuzalwa, ubude, ubungakanani bentloko, kunye neengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye lokuzalwa.
• Itshathi yokukhula komntwana (ubunzima, ubude, umjikelo wentloko).
• Ukubhalwa kwamaxwebhu eziganeko ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso.
• I-allergies eyaziwayo.
• Amayeza akhoyo ngoku.
• Iirekhodi zokugonywa.
• Ukuchatshazelwa zizifo ezisulelayo.
• Iingxelo ngamehlo namazinyo.
• Imbali yokungondleki kakuhle okanye iingxaki zokutya.
• Iziphumo zovavanyo lwezonyango olwenziweyo (umz. uvavanyo lwemifanekiso, uvavanyo lwegazi).
• Iingxelo zokuxhatshazwa okanye ukungahoywa komntwana ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo, okanye ngokweemvakalelo.
• Imbali yesikolo kunye neetalente.
• Imbali yobudlelwane, intsingiselo ebalulekileyo, ubudlelwane obuqhubekayo (nabazali bokwenene, abazali bokukhulisa umntwana, abahlobo) kunye nokulahlekelwa bubudlelwane obubalulekileyo.
• Imbali yezonyango yezalamane ezisondeleyo zomntwana (abazali bomntwana kunye nabantakwabo).
• Izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa kusapho lomntwana.

Ukuba uthatha umntwana okanye umntwana omncinci njengowakho, kuyanceda ukwazi imbali yokuzalwa komntwana kunye nolwazi malunga nokukhulelwa kukamama. Oku kufuneka kuquka:

• Ingaba umama wayesebenzisa iziyobisi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umzekelo, utywala, icuba, intsangu, okanye ii-opioids?
• Ngaba ukhe wasebenzisa amayeza okanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
• Ngaba ubukhe waba nezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) okanye ezinye izifo ezisulelayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
• Ngaba bekukho naziphi na iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukuzala, okanye ukuzala?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, unokufumana kuphela olunye lolwazi. Ngamanye amaxesha, usenokungafumani nto konke konke. Zama ukufumana iimpendulo ezininzi kangangoko unako. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthatha olu lwazi uze ulubonise ugqirha wabantwana ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho ajoyine usapho lwakho. Ugqirha angakufundisa ngononophelo umntwana wakho anokuludinga aze akunike isikhokelo ngokubanzi malunga noko unokukulindela. Banokubonelela ngeengcebiso kwiingcali okanye kwiinkonzo zenkxaso yoluntu. Oku kunokunceda usapho lwakho ukuba lwenze olu tshintsho lube lula. Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana iingcebiso zonyango ngale ndlela ngaphambi kokuba umntwana athathwe, mse kugqirha wabantwana ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba umntwana ejoyine usapho.

Iyintoni indima yoogqirha babantwana kwinkqubo yokwamkelwa komntwana?

Iingcali zabantwana zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokwamkelwa komntwana. Baza kusebenza nawe ukukunceda uchonge iimfuno zempilo zomntwana wakho. Banokubonelela ngenkxaso yeemvakalelo kwiintsapho ezidlula kwinkqubo yokwamkelwa komntwana. Amayeza okwamkelwa komntwana kunye nokunakekelwa komntwana ongengowakho ayinxalenye ekhethekileyo ekhulayo kwiingcali zabantwana. Ungacela unontlalontle wakho okanye ugqirha wezingane ukuba akuthumelele ingcebiso kugqirha wezingane onamava kweli candelo. Iindima zeengcali zabantwana ziquka:

• Ukunceda ekufumaneni iirekhodi zonyango lomntwana kunye nembali yakhe.
• Ukubonelela ngovavanyo olupheleleyo lwezonyango, ukhathalelo lomntwana osempilweni, kunye notyelelo olulandelayo.
• Ukubonelela ngononophelo oluqhubekayo kumntwana kunye neemfuno zakhe zempilo.
• Ukuthunyelwa kwiingcali zonyango, umzekelo, iingcali zengqondo zabantwana, iingcali zentliziyo zabantwana, okanye iingcali zezifo zengqondo zolwimi lokuthetha.
• Ukucebisa izixhobo ezinokunceda umntwana kunye nosapho kwixesha elide.
• Ukucebisa iintsapho ngemiba yohlengahlengiso enokuvela emva kokuthathwa komntwana.
• Cebisa amaqhinga okukhuthaza ubudlelwane obuqinileyo nobunempilo kusapho lwakho.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, nceda ekulungiseleleni amaxwebhu eNkqubo yoMntu ngamnye yeMfundo (IEP) yomntwana kunye/okanye iSicwangciso se-504 sesikolo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela kugqirha wokuqala womntwana wakho omthathileyo?

Kwakamsinya nje akuba umntwana wakho efikile kusapho lwakho nasekhaya (mhlawumbi kwiintsuku ezingama-30), kufuneka umse kugqirha wabantwana ukuze ahlolwe impilo yakhe ngokupheleleyo. Olu vavanyo lunokukunceda uqale ukunyanga iingxaki zempilo ezaziwayo kwaye uchonge naziphi na ezintsha. Olu "tyelelo lokuqala lovavanyo" lunzulu ngakumbi kunotyelelo oluqhelekileyo "lomntwana ophilileyo." Ugqirha wabantwana womntwana wakho uya kufuna ukukunika imbali yezonyango (njengeerekhodi zonyango) kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimpilo nobudala bomntwana wakho iyonke, utyelelo olunye lunokuba yimfuneko, okanye utyelelo oluninzi lunokucetyiswa ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yakhe ngokupheleleyo. Olu "vavanyo" luya kuhlala luquka:

• Ukuqinisekisa nokucacisa ukuxilongwa kwezonyango okukhoyo.
• Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba.
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological.
• Uvavanyo oluhambelana nobudala, umzekelo, iiphaneli zokuhlola abantwana abasandul’ ukuzalwa, uvavanyo lokuva, lombono, lwamazinyo, kunye novavanyo lokuziphatha kunye/okanye lophuhliso.
• Ukuvavanya iingxaki zempilo ebezingakhange zifunyanwe ngaphambili.
• Ukuxoxa ngayo nayiphi na imiba yophuhliso kunye nokuziphatha.
• Ukuvavanya imeko yokugonywa komntwana.
• Ukudluliselwa kwabanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zempilo kunye neengcali.

Uvavanyo

Ugqirha wezingane womntwana wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo oluthile lokuxilonga ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lwakhe. Olu vavanyo lungabandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, kunye/okanye uvavanyo lomfanekiso. Ugqirha wezingane wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo oluthile lwegazi ukujonga ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene na ugonyo olufanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe.

Uvavanyo lwempilo yengqondo

Iingcali zicebisa ukuba umntwana okwindawo yokunyamekela abantwana abangengobakhe afumane uvavanyo lwempilo yengqondo zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokujoyina usapho lwakho. Kungcono ukwenza oku nomcebisi wempilo yengqondo yomntwana oqeqeshwe kunyango olusekelwe kwiziganeko zoxinzelelo.

Ungayilungiselela njani into yokwamkelwa?

Inkqubo yokwamkelwa komntwana ifuna amalungiselelo amaninzi kunye namanyathelo amaninzi. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokwamkelwa komntwana, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ngokwenene ukongeza umntwana kusapho lwakho, ingakumbi into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa kufikwa kwimpilo yakhe kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ekufuneka uzibuze zona:

• Zithini izizathu zakho zokuthatha umntwana njengowakho? Ngaba ukulungele ngokwenene esi sigqibo nokuzibophelela ubomi bonke?
• Ngaba ungamnika umntwana indawo enothando, ekhutheleyo nezinzileyo?
• Ngaba unako ukufikelela kwiinkonzo zenkxaso ezaneleyo kunye neenkonzo zempilo umntwana anokuzidinga?
• Ingaba uzimisele ukumela impilo nentlalo-ntle yabantwana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nezikolo, iinkqubo zesibhedlele)?
• Ngaba wena nosapho lwakho ningathanda ukwazi kangangoko unako ngeemfuno ezikhethekileyo zomntwana wenu zempilo yomzimba, yengqondo, yophuhliso, neyeemvakalelo?
• Ngaba unenkxaso enamandla yabahlobo nezalamane onokubathemba nozimisele ukukunceda?

Njengayo nayiphi na into ebomini, akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ikamva okanye ukuba ubomi buza kuba njani nelungu elitsha losapho. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuba nombono ochanekileyo malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuthathwa komntwana kwaye ulungiselele kangangoko kunokwenzeka, unokulawula ulindelo lwakho kwaye udale imeko ekhuselekileyo nexhasayo yosapho lwakho. Ukuthathwa komntwana yinkqubo enzima, yobuqu, neyomvakalelo kubo bonke ababandakanyekayo. Inxalenye enkulu yokuthathwa komntwana kukuqwalasela nokulungiselela iimfuno zempilo ezikhethekileyo zomntu omtsha ongezelelweyo kusapho lwakho. Ugqirha wezingane womntwana wakho yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwiqela lenkxaso yokuthathwa komntwana kusapho lwakho. Khumbula, bakhona ukunika umntwana wakho ukhathalelo olungcono kangangoko - kwaye bakuncede unikeze olo khathalelo.

Sithini isigidimi esifuna ukusithatha ekhaya kweli bali?

Ukuthatha umntwana njengowakho luxanduva olubalulekileyo nolubalulekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela impilo yomntwana ngeli xesha lohambo.

• Qaphela: Yiba nolwazi olupheleleyo malunga nemiba ethile yempilo, yengqondo, yokuziphatha, kunye nophuhliso enokuvela kubantwana abamkelweyo.
• Qokelela ulwazi: Qokelela ulwazi oluninzi kangangoko malunga nembali yezonyango yomntwana kunye nemvelaphi yosapho lwakhe.
• Inkxaso kagqirha wabantwana: Fumana inkxaso kugqirha wabantwana onamava nonamava kwasekuqaleni. Uza kuba ngumxhasi wakho omkhulu.
• Umonde nothando: Nika umntwana wakho ixesha lokuziqhelanisa nendawo entsha kunye nosapho olutsha. Yiba nomonde, uthando, nokuqonda.
• Cinga nawe: Nyamekela impilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba ngeli xesha lohambo. Fumana uncedo ukuba uyalufuna.

Khumbula, luthando, inkathalo, kunye nenkxaso oyinikayo eya kuphilisa ubomi baba bantwana kwaye ibancede bakhe ikamva elihle.

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Ukwamkelwa , ukwamkelwa, impilo yomntwana, imiba yezonyango, impilo yomntwana, impilo yengqondo, imiba yophuhliso