Ngaba wakha waziva uloyiko okanye uloyiko ngequbuliso? Okanye uziva ngathi unamandla ngequbuliso xa uphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu? Usenokuba ubabonile abantu besenza izinto ezimangalisayo xa bekwimeko yongxamiseko. Emva kwako konke oku kukho amadlala amabini amancinci, angoonxantathu abekwe ngaphezulu kwezintso zakho. La madlala siwabiza ngokuba ngamadlala e-adrenal . Abanye abantu bawabiza ngokuba ngamadlala e-adrenal. Nangona esenokuba mancinci ngegama, umsebenzi wawo awuncinci konke konke. La maqhawe mabini amancinci alawula imisebenzi emininzi yemihla ngemihla yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngala madlala e-adrenal amancinci kodwa abaluleke kakhulu.
Zithini kanye kanye ii-adrenal glands?
Ngamafutshane, ii-adrenal glands zii -glands ezimbini ezincinci, ezifana ne-cap ezibekwe phezu kwezintso zethu . Ziyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu.
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni inkqubo ye-endocrine. Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho inethiwekhi enkulu yonxibelelwano ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kule nethiwekhi, kukho amadlala afana neefektri ezincinci. Ezi fektri zenza izithunywa ezikhethekileyo kwaye zizikhuphele egazini. Ezi zithunywa zihamba ngegazi emzimbeni wonke kwaye zixelele amalungu ahlukeneyo into ekufuneka ayenze kunye nexesha ekufuneka ayenze ngalo. Sibiza ezo zithunywa ngeehomoni .
Ngoko ke, lonke olu nxibelelwano, oko kukuthi, zonke ezi glands kunye neehormones xa zidibene, sizibiza ngokuba yinkqubo ye-endocrine. Ezinye iiglands ezikule nkqubo zezi:
- I-Hypothalamus
- Indawo yolwimi lamathe
- Indlala yegilo
- I-Pancreas
- Amaqanda abasetyhini
- Amasende endoda (amasende)
Zonke ezi glands zisebenza kunye njengeqela elisebenza kakuhle, lilawula izinto ezininzi emizimbeni yethu. Iiglands zeadrenal zilungu elibaluleke kakhulu kweli qela.
Yeyiphi inkonzo enikezelwa zezi glands zincinci emizimbeni yethu?
Ii-adrenal glands zivelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeehomoni ezibalulekileyo ebomini bethu. Elinye lala mahomoni linomsebenzi owahlukileyo. Makhe sijonge iihomoni eziphambili kunye noko zikwenzayo.
| Ihomoni | Umsebenzi wayo nje |
|---|---|
| I-Cortisol | Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"stress hormone." Xa siziva sixinezelekile kakhulu, nokuba sisengqondweni okanye emzimbeni, le hormone isinika amandla okumelana nayo. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwalawula indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amafutha, iiproteni kunye neecarbohydrate ekutyeni esikutyayo, inciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni, ilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, inyusa amanqanaba eswekile egazini, kwaye inceda ekulawuleni ubuthongo bethu kunye nokuvuka kwethu. |
| I-Aldosterone | Kufana nomphathi olinganisela uxinzelelo lomzimba wethu, ityuwa, kunye namanzi. Le hormone ibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni amanqanaba e-sodium kunye ne-potassium (ii-electrolytes) egazini lethu kunye nokugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi lukwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. |
| I-DHEA kunye ne-Androgenic Steroids | Ezi zaziwa ngokuba zii-hormone zamadoda ezibuthathaka. Nangona zingenampembelelo ngqo, ziguqulwa zibe zii-hormone zabasetyhini (ii-estrogen) kuma-ovari abasetyhini kwaye zibe zii-hormone zamadoda (i-androgens) kumasende amadoda. |
| I-Adrenaline kunye ne-Noradrenaline | Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-hormones "zokulwa okanye ukubaleka". Khawuthelekelele uhamba esitalatweni uze ngequbuliso inja ikuhlasele. Ngaloo mzuzu, intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza, umzimba wakho uziva unqwenela ukubaleka, kwaye amehlo akho avuleke, akunjalo? Ezi hormone zimbini zikulungiselela loo meko ingxamisekileyo. Ziyandisa isantya sentliziyo yakho, zinyuse ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni nakwimisipha, kwaye zikunceda usebenzise iswekile egazini. |
Ngamafutshane, ii-adrenal glands zibandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uxinzelelo lwegazi lomzimba wakho, ityuwa kunye nokulinganisela kwamanzi, indlela ojongana ngayo noxinzelelo, indlela osebenzisa ngayo amandla, kunye nophuhliso lweempawu zesondo.
Ngaba ii-adrenal glands zenza oku zodwa?
Hayi. Amadlala e-adrenal awangoozimele. Afumana imiyalelo evela kumaziko olawulo engqondweni.
Oku kufana nenkampani enkulu.
- Igosa eliyiNtloko eliLawulayo (i-CEO): IngqondoI-hypothalamus yi-CEO. Yiyo eqonda imeko kwaye ithumele umyalezo.
- Umphathi: Umphathi yi -pituitary gland esebuchotsheni. Xa efumana umyalezo ovela kwi-CEO, nguye oxelela ama-adrenal glands ukuba, "Kulungile, qala ukusebenza ngoku."
- Umsebenzi: I-adrenal gland yileyo ivelisa iihomoni ezifanelekileyo (umz. i-cortisol) ize izikhuphele egazini, njengoko kuyalelwe ngumphathi.
Le yindlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo. Kwakhona, amadlala e-adrenal agqiba ukuba ingakanani i-aldosterone hormone ekufuneka yenziwe ngokusekelwe kwimiqondiso evela kwizintso. Oku kuthetha ukuba zonke ezi zinto zidibene ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi emzimbeni.
Yenziwa njani ingaphakathi le-adrenal gland?
Nangona i-adrenal gland ibukeka ngathi yinto enye ngaphandle, ineenxalenye ezimbini eziphambili. Ifana nesiqhamo esincinci. Inxalenye engaphandle nenxalenye engaphakathi zahlukile.
1. I-Cortex - Inxalenye engaphandle: Le yeyona nxalenye inkulu ye-gland. Ifana nolusu kunye nomhlathi wesiqhamo. Le nxalenye engaphandle ivelisa ii-hormone ze-steroid ezifana ne-cortisol kunye ne-aldosterone.
2. I-Medulla - Inxalenye engaphakathi: Le yinxalenye engaphakathi ye-gland. Ifana nomngxuma wesiqhamo. Iihomoni "zokulwa okanye ukubhabha" i-adrenaline kunye ne-noradrenaline zenziwa kule nxalenye engaphakathi.
Iindidi zeehomoni eziveliswa zezi nxalenye zimbini kunye nemisebenzi yazo zahlukile ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwamadlala e-adrenal?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Iihormone ezifana ne-cortisol, eziveliswa zii-adrenal glands, zibalulekile ebomini bethu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeemeko ezithile zonyango (umz. umhlaza), kukho amaxesha apho zombini ii-adrenal glands kufuneka zisuswe ngotyando (i-adrenalectomy).
Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, loo mntu kuya kufuneka asebenzise ezo hormone ngaphandle njengeyeza ubomi bakhe bonke . Ukuba uzisebenzisa kakuhle ezo hormone, unokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, nokuba azisebenzisi ii-gland, akanakuphila ngaphandle kwee-hormone zakhe.
Ngaba izifo ze-adrenal gland zinokwenzeka?
Ewe. Njengalo naliphi na elinye ilungu lomzimba, kukho iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokuchaphazela amadlala e-adrenal. Ezi ngxaki zenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezibini:
- Ukuveliswa kweehomoni ngokugqithisileyo: Ukuba indlala iqalisa ukusebenza kakhulu ize ivelise iihomoni ezingaphezulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ukuveliswa okunganelanga kweehomoni: Ukuba indlala ayikwazi ukuvelisa ubungakanani obufunekayo beehomoni, nokuba kungenxa yomonakalo okanye ngenxa yesinye isizathu.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba ezi meko zinokwenzeka:
- Utshintsho lwemfuza
- Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba ngokwawo - Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu ihlasela amadlala e-adrenal.
- Ukwakheka kweethumba.
- Ukonakala kwamadlala ngenxa yengozi, usulelo, okanye ukopha.
- Ingxaki ye-hypothalamus okanye i-pituitary gland ebuchotsheni. (Khumbula, ukuba uMphathi unengxaki, uMsebenzi akanakusebenza kakuhle.)
- Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza athile e-steroid.
Ezinye zeemeko eziphambili zonyango zezi:
- Isifo sika-Addison: Esi sisifo apho iihomoni ze-cortisol kunye ne-aldosterone zingaveliswa ngokwaneleyo. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- I-Cushing's syndrome: Le yimeko apho umzimba uvelisa i-cortisol eninzi kakhulu. Le meko inokubangelwa sisimila okanye amayeza athile.
- I-Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Le yimeko ekhoyo ekuzalweni. Le ngxaki ibangelwa kukuba umzimba awunayo i-enzyme efunekayo ukwenza iihomoni.
- I-aldosteronism ephambili: Kule meko, kuveliswa i-hormone eninzi kakhulu ye-aldosterone.
Ndingayazi njani ukuba ndinengxaki ngamadlala am e-adrenal?
Iimpawu zeengxaki ze-adrenal gland ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi i-hormone engalinganiyo. Uninzi lweempawu ziyafana nezezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo, ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukuzifumanisa.
Ungafumana umbono ngale nto kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Inkqubo echaphazelekayo | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| I-Metabolism | Ukunyuka okanye ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo, ukudinwa rhoqo, iswekile ephezulu okanye ephantsi rhoqo, kunye nobuthathaka bomzimba. |
| Inkqubo yomzimba | Ukugula rhoqo kunye nosulelo. |
| Ifuthe legazi | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. |
| Iimpawu zesondo | Abafazi banamava okukhula kweenwele ebusweni, ukulahleka kweenwele, amaqhakuva, kunye nokutshona kwelizwi. |
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ingakumbi utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kubunzima, ukudinwa kakhulu, okanye utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kuxinzelelo lwegazi , nceda ungakutyesheli nje ucinge, 'Ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo.'
Okufanele ukwenze kukubona ugqirha wakho wosapho (GP) uze uthethe ngale nto ngokucacileyo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga amanqanaba akho eehomoni ngovavanyo lwegazi nomchamo, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kwezo mvavanyo, angakuthumela nakwiimvavanyo ezifana ne-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uza kukuthumela kwi-endocrinologist, ugqirha ogxile kwinkqubo ye-endocrine kunye neehomoni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-adrenal glands ziingcongconi ezimbini ezincinci, kodwa ezibalulekileyo, ezivelisa iihomoni ezikwiintso zethu.
- Izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngokujamelana noxinzelelo, ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokulawula amandla, zilawulwa ziihomoni eziveliswa zezi glands.
- Iingxaki ziyavela ukuba ezi hormone ziveliswa kakhulu okanye azanele.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana notshintsho lobunzima olungachazekiyo, ukudinwa kakhulu, utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye utshintsho lolusu, musa ukuzityeshela.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iimpawu, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ukufunyaniswa kwesi sifo kwangethuba kulula kakhulu ukunyanga.
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