Khawuthelekelele indlela ebekuya kuba yingozi ngayo ukuba ngequbuliso ube nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Ingxaki enkulu ngamaxesha anjalo ngamahlwili egazi ayingozi aqunjelwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yomzimba wethu. Ukuba eli hlwili legazi linamathela emthanjeni othwala igazi liye entliziyweni okanye engqondweni, linokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngexesha elinzima kangaka ebomini, sithetha ngeyeza elinamandla kakhulu, elikhethekileyo elinokunyibilikisa loo mahlwili egazi kwaye lisindise ubomi.
Yintoni i-Alteplase?
Ngamafutshane, i-Alteplase liyeza elifakwa emthanjeni kwaye lisetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Umsebenzi walo ophambili kukunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi asele ekhona kwiindawo eziyingozi emzimbeni. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-"clot buster".
Xa kusenzeka uhlaselo lwentliziyo , imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni iyavalwa lihlwili legazi. Ngokufanayo, xa kusenzeka istroke , ihlwili legazi lidla ngokuvala imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi engqondweni. Ukuba eli hlwili legazi linyibilika ngokukhawuleza ngokunika iyeza i-Alteplase, linokunciphisa umonakalo entliziyweni okanye engqondweni, lonyuse amandla esigulana okuchacha, kwaye linciphise umngcipheko wokukhubazeka.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, eli asiloyeza onokulithenga kwikhemesti uze uligcine ekhaya. Linikwa esibhedlele kuphela, phantsi kweliso elithe ngqo loogqirha kunye nabasebenzi bonyango.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike eli yeza
Ngenxa yokuba i-Alteplase liyeza elinamandla kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha wakho ayazi imbali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango ngaphambi kokuba akunike yona. Oku kungenxa yokuba kunokuba yingozi ukunika eli yeza umntu oneengxaki ezithile zempilo. Ukuba unezinye zezi meko zilandelayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka umxelele ugqirha wakho.
| Imeko yakho yempilo | Kutheni isaziso sibalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Ukubuthathaka kodonga lomthambo wegazi (i-Aneurysm) | Kukho umngcipheko wokuba umthambo obuthathaka uqhume ngenxa yesenzo seyeza. |
| Iingxaki zokopha okanye iingxaki zokugalela igazi | Eli yeza linyusa ngakumbi umngcipheko wokopha. |
| Utyando lwakutshanje okanye i-biopsy | Amanxeba otyando angopha kakhulu. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo | Iimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokopha ebuchosheni zinokwenzeka. |
| Ukulimala entloko, ithumba lobuchopho, okanye isifo sohlangothi sangaphambili | Umngcipheko wokopha ngaphakathi ekhayeni uphezulu kakhulu. |
| Umonakalo wamehlo obangelwa sisifo seswekile (i-Diabetic Retinopathy) | Ukopha emehlweni kusenokubakho. |
| Ukukhulelwa, ukuzama ukukhulelwa, okanye ukuncancisa | Ugqirha kufuneka agqibe ngemingcipheko enokubakho kumama nakumntwana. |
| Ukunganyamezelani nakweyiphi na enye imithi okanye ukutya | Ukuthintela ukusabela kwe-allergy kwiyeza. |
Indlela yokusebenzisa eli yeza kunye noko kufuneka ukuqaphele
Eli yeza linikwa njengenaliti nge-cannula efakwe emthanjeni. Oku kwenziwa ngokupheleleyo esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi.
Ngelixa ndithatha iyeza
Xa unikwa i-Alteplase, imeko yakho iya kuhlolwa ngononophelo ngoogqirha kunye nabongikazi. Isantya sentliziyo yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ziya kuhlolwa rhoqo. Uya kucetyiswa ukuba ulale ebhedini ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokopha.
Ingozi yokopha
Eyona ngozi inkulu neyona inzima yale mithi kukopha. I-Alteplase isebenza ngokunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi kwaye iyenza buthathaka okwethutyana inkqubo yendalo yokuqina kwegazi emzimbeni.
- Ngoko ke , xa uhlamba amazinyo akho kwaye ucoca impumlo yakho, kufuneka ukwenze ngobunono nangononophelo.
- Nokuba inxeba elincinci emzimbeni linokubangela ukopha okungaphezulu kunesiqhelo.
- Ungaze uthathe ezinye iipilisi zokuthomalalisa iintlungu (ingakumbi ii-NSAID) ezifana ne -Aspirin kunye ne-Ibuprofen , kunye nezinye izithambisi-gazi ezifana ne-Warfarin kunye ne-Heparin ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha wakho.
Kuthekani ukuba idosi yeyeza iyanda?
Ekubeni eli yeza linikwa esibhedlele, akufuneki ukhathazeke ngedosi. Libalwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye linikwa ziingcali zonyango. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukurhanelwa kokusebenzisa i-overdose, abasebenzi besibhedlele baya kwazisa ngoko nangoko iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) yesibhedlele okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko , iZiko loLwazi lweePoisons kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo .
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, i-Alteplase inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye ziyingozi kwaye ezinye zixhaphakile.
| Imiphumela | Ingcaciso |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha wakho okanye kubasebenzi bakho bomongikazi ngoko nangoko | |
| Iimpendulo ze-Allergic | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe okanye ulwimi, ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Iimpawu zokopha | Indle emnyama okanye engapheliyo, umchamo obomvu okanye omdaka, ukuhlanza into efana nekofu egayiweyo, amabala abomvu eluswini, ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwiintsini, emehlweni, okanye empumlweni. |
| Iimpawu zestroke | Ukutshintsha kombono, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ukudinwa okanye ubuthathaka ngequbuliso ebusweni, engalweni okanye emlenzeni, ubunzima bokuhamba, isiyezi. |
| Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okucothayo okanye okukhawulezayo ngendlela engaqhelekanga. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga (kodwa kufuneka zixelwe ukuba ziyaqhubeka) | |
| Isiyezi | Kubalulekile ukuvuka kancinci xa uphuma ebhedini. |
| Ifiva | Ubushushu bomzimba obunyukileyo. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza (Isicaphucaphu, Ukuhlanza) | Idla ngokuba yimeko yexeshana. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Alteplase liyeza elisindisa ubomi nelinamandla elinyibilikisa amahlwili egazi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
- Le inikwa esibhedlele kuphela, phantsi kweliso likagqirha. Akuvumelekanga ukuyithatha uye nayo ekhaya okanye uyisebenzise wedwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke iimeko zakho zempilo kunye nazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini kunye namayeza).
- Ngenxa yokuba ingozi enkulu yale mithi kukuphuma kwegazi, uza kuhlolwa ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lonyango kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
- Yazisa abasebenzi besibhedlele ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngeentloko ezibuhlungu, ukopha okungaqhelekanga, okanye iimpawu ze-allergy.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Yintoni i-Alteplase / tPA / Activase vaccine esetyenziselwa yona?
Eli lelona yeza linamandla kakhulu 'lokubulala amahlwili egazi / elibangela ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi' emhlabeni! Nokuba isigulane sihlaselwe 'yintliziyo' ngequbuliso okanye sihlaselwe yingqondo ebangela ukukhubazeka (ischemic stroke) kwimizuzu embalwa (ukuba siziswe esibhedlele kwisithuba seeyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.5), liyeza elisindisa ubomi elinikwa kwicandelo likaxakeka (IV) lesibhedlele ukuze kunyibilikiswe amahlwili egazi kwaye kusindiswe ubomi besigulane nge-100%!
💬 Le naliti (i-Alteplase) inganyibilikisa njani igazi elivaleleke engqondweni/entliziyweni ngoko nangoko?
Oku kukwenza ngokunyanzela umatshini wokunyibilikisa umzimba wethu (iPlasmin)! Ihlwili legazi lenziwa xa iiseli zegazi zidityaniswe kwi-mesh ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Fibrin'. Nje ukuba le injection ingene emzimbeni, ifumana ihlwili legazi (iTissue Plasminogen Activator) kwaye isebenze i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-plasmin ngaphakathi kuyo ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko, i-mesh (iFibrin) iyanqunyulwa ibe ziingceba, ichitheke, kwaye ukujikeleza kwegazi kuqala kwakhona.
💬 Nokuba isigulana sisindiswe yile gonyo (tPA), yeyiphi ingozi enkulu ebulalayo (Isilumkiso seBlack Box)?
Eyona ngozi inkulu 'yi-Intracranial Hemorrhage'! Oku kuyayinyibilikisa imivimbo yegazi, ngoko ke ukuba kukho inxeba elincinci naphi na emzimbeni, liya kuqhubeka liphuma igazi kwaye ukopha akuyi kukwazi ukuyeka. Ngamanye amaxesha umthambo wegazi engqondweni uyaqhuma kwaye ukukhubazeka kuyaphucuka, kodwa nokuba isigulana siphuma igazi engqondweni, siyabulala kwaye sinokubangela ukufa kwangoko! (Yiyo loo nto iingxaki zokopha/uxinzelelo zijongwa ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze oku).
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