Ngobo busuku, xa ndandiza kuvala ilaptop yam emva kokuhlela ividiyo entsha yetshaneli yam ye-YouTube ethi Healthy Lanka, umhlobo osenyongweni womntakwethu, uGayan, weza ekliniki yethu. Wayenenkangeleko ebuhlungu nedandathekileyo ebusweni bakhe.
"Owu, gqirha, ndinengxaki enkulu ngomama," uGyan waqala ibali lakhe ephefumla. "Umama uyalibala into endisandul' ukuyithetha. Akakhumbuli ukuba ukuphi okanye ukuba ufuna ukuya phi. Akayazi nokuba loluphi usuku. Ayikuko oko kuphela, gqirha, ngoku utshica yonke indawo kwaye ungcolile kakhulu. Ufihla imali yakhe negolide yakhe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo endlwini aze asityhole ngokuba siyibile. Umfazi wam nabantwana bam bahlala benengxaki ngenxa yoku. Andinakucinga ukuba kutheni umama wam onamandla, owayesoloko enyamekela ishishini lonke losapho, ngequbuliso waba ngolu hlobo. Oku kukundihlupha kakhulu engqondweni, gqirha."
Nangona ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zazintsha kuGayan, njengogqirha, ezi mpawu zaziqhelekile kum. Ndathi kuGayan, "Gyan, umama wakho akakhathazeki kukulibala okuqhelekileyo okuza nokwaluphala. Oku kwaziwa ngokwezonyango njengeSifo se-Alzheimer . Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngesi sifo se-Alzheimer esisusa inkumbulo, iimpawu zaso, kunye nendlela yokulawula usapho olunesi sigulana."
Yintoni isifo sika-Alzheimer?
Isifo sika-Alzheimer sisifo sengqondo esiqhubekayo esitshintsha ngokupheleleyo inkumbulo, ukucinga, kunye nokuziphatha njengoko iiseli zethu zengqondo zisifa kancinci kancinci.
Le yeyona nto ibangela ukuba abantu abane -dementia babe ngama-60% ukuya kuma-80%, eyona nto ibangela ukuba ingqondo yabo iphelelwe ngamandla xa besaluphala. Esi sifo sidla ngokuba sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Iimpawu ze-Alzheimer's
Nazi iimpawu eziphambili ezinceda ekuchongeni isifo se-Alzheimer kumntu omdala:
1. Ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla: Nemisebenzi elula efana nokwenza ikomityi yeti, ukubhanka, okanye ukufowuna eyayisenziwa ngokugqibeleleyo iyalibaleka kancinci kancinci.
2. Ubunzima bokusombulula iingxaki nokwenza izigqibo: Ukungakwazi ukucinga ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo nakwiingxaki ezilula ezivela kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
3. Ubunzima bolwimi: Ukungakhumbuli amagama afanelekileyo xa uthetha, ukubuza umbuzo ofanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, okanye ukungadibanisi isiqalo, imbindi, kunye nesiphelo sento ethethwayo.
4. Utshintsho kubuntu nakwindlela yokuziphatha: ukucaphuka ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukurhanela, ukuzama ukuzahlula kusapho.
5. Ukuziphatha okungcolileyo kunye nokudideka kwinkumbulo: ukutshica yonke indawo, ukwala ukuhlamba okanye ukucoca, ukufihla izinto kunye nokugxeka abanye.
Kutheni i-Alzheimer's ikhula? (Izizathu kunye nezinto ezibangela umngcipheko)
Nangona isayensi yezonyango ingekafumani unobangela ochanekileyo wesifo sika-Alzheimer, kuye kwafunyaniswa izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko:
- Ubudala: Umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo uphindaphindeka kabini rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 emva kweminyaka engama-65.
- Imbali yosapho kunye nemfuza: Ukuba umzali okanye umntakwenu unesifo i-Alzheimer's, umngcipheko wokuba nayo uyanda. Ngokukodwa, ukubakho kwe -APOE-e4 gene kwandisa umngcipheko wesi sifo.
- Iiproteni ezifakwa engqondweni: Iiseli zobuchopho zitshatyalaliswa ziiproteni ezingaqhelekanga ezibizwa ngokuba yi-amyloid kunye ne-tau ezijikeleze iiseli zobuchopho, zenze iiplaque kunye neengxinano.
- Impilo yentliziyo nendlela yokuphila: Iimeko ezinje ngokutshaya, ukungazilolongi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, kunye nokudakumba zinokuchaphazela kakubi impilo yeeseli zobuchopho.
Isifo sika-Alzheimer sifunyanwa njani?
Ugqirha angasixilonga esi sifo ngovavanyo lweklinikhi kunye nemibuzo ekhethekileyo elinganisa inkumbulo. Uvavanyo lwe-MRI okanye lwe-CT Scan lwenziwa ukuze kuchongwe kwaye kukhutshwe ezinye iingxaki zengqondo (ezifana nomhlaza okanye istroke).
Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga isifo sika-Alzheimer?
Okwangoku, akukho chiza lithile elinokunyanga ngokupheleleyo isifo sika-Alzheimer, kodwa amayeza asetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
- Unyango ngamayeza: Oogqirha bacebisa amayeza afana neDonepezil kunye neRivastigmine ukuphucula unxibelelwano lobuchopho kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo, kunye namayeza afana neMemantine kwizigaba eziphakathi nezinzima. Unyango lwanamhlanje olufana neAducanumab , olunceda ukususa iidipozithi zeprotheyini ye-amyloid engqondweni, nalo luyavavanywa kwihlabathi liphela ngoku.
- Ukhathalelo oluxhasayo: Unyango lokuthetha luphucula unxibelelwano, kwaye Unyango lomzimba lunceda ukugcina isigulane sihambahamba ngokuzimeleyo.
Amanqanaba aphambili esifo sika-Alzheimer
- Inqanaba lokuqala: Ukulibala okuncinci, intetho engacacanga, kunye nokulibaziseka okuncinci kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
- Inqanaba Eliphakathi: Ukulibala apho ukhoyo, udinga uncedo lomnye umntu ukuze uzinxibe kwaye uzicoce, kunye notshintsho olukhulu kwindlela oziphethe ngayo.
- Isigaba Sokugqibela: Ukungakwazi ukubona kwanabo basondeleyo kubo, ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kukwazi ukuthetha, kunye nokuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo komnye umntu.
Ukukhusela impilo yengqondo yamalungu osapho anyamekela isigulana
Ukunyamekela umntu one-Alzheimer's ngumsebenzi odinisayo nodinisayo ngokweemvakalelo. Oku kwaziwa ngokwezonyango njengokuphelelwa ngamandla komnakekeli .
Ukukhusela impilo yengqondo yamalungu osapho aphilileyo, uxanduva lokunyamekela isigulana kufuneka lwabelwane ngawo onke amalungu osapho. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isigqibo singenziwa ngokubonisana nogqirha malunga nokufuna uncedo lomnakekeli oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa wesigulana okanye ukufuna uncedo kwiziko lokunyamekela izigulane elikhethekileyo.
🚨 Iimpawu ezinzulu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo (iiFlegi ezibomvu)
Xa unyamekela isigulane esine-Alzheimer's, qaphela ezi meko zilandelayo zongxamiseko:
- Ingqondo ephazamisekileyo: Isigulane ngequbuliso siyaphazamiseka, sikhwaze, okanye sibhideke ngaphezu kwesiqhelo (oku kubangelwa kakhulu zizifo zomchamo (UTIs) kubantu abadala).
- Ukuziphatha okunobundlongondlongo nobundlobongela: Ukuba isigulana sizama ukuhlasela okanye ukulimaza sona okanye abo basingqongileyo.
- Ubunzima bokuginya (iDysphagia): Ukukhohlela ukutya okanye amathe anamathela emqaleni (kukho umngcipheko wokuba ukutya kungene emiphungeni kubangele i-aspiration pneumonia).
- Ukuzulazula: Ukuba isigulana siyahambahamba sisuka ekhaya size silahleke kwaye singayifumani indlela yaso.
Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe nezo kufuneka zingayenzi
| ✔️ Izinto onokuzenza (Zenze) | ❌ Izinto ongazifuniyo |
|---|---|
| Gcina inkqubo elula nehambelanayo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yesigulana. | Musa ukuphikisana okanye ukucaphuka ngesigulana xa silibele into ethile okanye senza impazamo. |
| Faka iilebheli kwiidrowa, amagumbi, kunye neendawo ezibalulekileyo ekhayeni lakho. | Musa ukushiya iingcango eziphambili zingatshixwanga ukuze isigulana sikwazi ukuphuma endlwini sodwa. |
| Thetha nesigulana ngezivakalisi ezilula nezimfutshane nangelizwi elizolileyo. | Musa ukumnyanzela umguli ukuba enze izigqibo ezininzi ngaxeshanye okanye enze imisebenzi enzima. |
❓ Eminye imibuzo onokuba nayo (FAQ)
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesifo sika-Alzheimer kunye nokulibala okuqhelekileyo okunxulumene nobudala? ▼
Kwixesha eliqhelekileyo lokulibala elinxulumene nobudala, umntu uyalibala okwethutyana isiganeko okanye igama aze alikhumbule kamva. Nangona kunjalo, kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, ulwazi olutsha alugcinwa engqondweni, ngoko ke alukhunjulwa konke konke, kwaye luphazamisa kakhulu imisebenzi yokuzimela yobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Ingaba isifo sika-Alzheimer sifunyanwa sisuka kwesinye isizukulwana siye kwesinye ?
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-Alzheimer's, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nayo uphezulu kancinci kunowomntu oqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayisosifo esizuzwe njengelifa, kwaye ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.
Umntu one-Alzheimer's angaphila ixesha elingakanani? ▼
Izigulana zihlala ziphila iminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweyesi-8 ukususela ekuveleni kweempawu, kodwa ngononophelo olufanelekileyo nempilo, ezinye izigulana zinokuphila ixesha elide ukuya kwiminyaka engama-20.
Zeziphi iindlela zokuzilolonga ingqondo ezinokunceda ekuthinteleni i-Alzheimer's ?
Imisebenzi evuselela ubuchopho efana nokusombulula iiphazili, ukufunda iincwadi, ukufunda ulwimi olutsha okanye ukudlala isixhobo somculo, kunye nokudlala ichess kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-Alzheimer's ngokuqinisa unxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho.
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