Ukuba unomntu omthandayo oneDown Syndrome kusapho lwakho, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo eyahlukeneyo, mhlawumbi noloyiko oluncinci, malunga nempilo yakhe njengoko ekhula. Ngokukodwa, mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi "Isifo sika-Alzheimer" kakhulu. Mhlawumbi ukhe wazibuza kakhulu malunga nokuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi zifo zimbini. Kakade ke, lukhona. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba woyike, masithethe ngayo ngokucacileyo, ngokulula, nangokulula.
Kutheni abantu abaneDown syndrome kuthiwa basengozini enkulu ye-Alzheimer's?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka sibuyele kwinxalenye esisiseko yemizimba yethu. Ezo zii-chromosomes zethu. Ngamafutshane, ezi chromosomes zifana 'nemiyalelo' kwiseli nganye emzimbeni wethu. Yonke into ukususela kumbala weenwele zethu ukuya kubude bethu imiselwa ziijini eziqulethwe zezi chromosomes. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu uneekopi ezimbini zohlobo ngalunye lwe-chromosome.
Nangona kunjalo, umntu one-Down syndrome unekopi eyongezelelweyo ye-chromosome 21, oko kukuthi, iikopi ezintathu . Le yindlela enxulumene ngayo nesifo sika-Alzheimer: I-gene eyalela ukuveliswa kweproteni eyingozi (i-beta-amyloid) efakwa engqondweni xa isifo sika-Alzheimer sikhula ifumaneka kule chromosome 21.
Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba kukho ikopi eyongezelelweyo ye-chromosome 21, umntu one-Down syndrome uvelisa le protein inobungozi engqondweni yakhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi protein ziyaqokelelana kwaye zihlale zijikeleze iiseli zobuchopho, zonakalisa ezo seli kwaye ziqale ukuzitshabalalisa. Oku kwenzeka kwisifo sika-Alzheimer.
Ukongeza, imizimba kunye nobuchopho babantu abane-Down syndrome buguga ngokukhawuleza kunomntu oqhelekileyo (ukuguga ngaphambi kwexesha) . Oko kukuthi, umzimba womntu oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala one-Down syndrome unokufana nomzimba womntu oneminyaka engama-65 okanye engama-70 ubudala kuluntu ngokubanzi. Oku kuguga ngokukhawuleza kukwangunobangela omkhulu wokuqala kwesifo se-Alzheimer's kwangethuba.
Zibonakala njani ezi mpawu? Ngaba zahlukile kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-Alzheimer's?
Ewe, eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Iimpawu zesifo sika-Alzheimer kumntu one-Down syndrome zinokwahluka kancinci kwiimpawu zomntu oqhelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuyiqonda le meko.
Xa sicinga nge-Alzheimer's, sihlala sicinga ngokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Kodwa kumntu one-Down syndrome, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kusenokungabi luphawu lokuqala . Ezinye iinguqulelo zinokuqatshelwa kuqala.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezo nguqu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Indlela ebonakala ngayo kumntu one-Down syndrome |
|---|---|
| Umsebenzi wemihla ngemihla | Izinto obukade ukwazi ukuzenza wedwa, ezinje ngokunxiba, ukutya, ukuhlamba, nokwenza iti, zifuna uncedo. Umdla kunye nokukwazi ukwenza ezo zinto kuyehla kancinci kancinci. |
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha | Ngequbuliso, baba neenkani, baziphathe ngendlela engafanelekanga, bacaphuke, okanye baqale ukuma ecaleni buthule, bengenamdla kwelinye icala, bengathethi. |
| Ukuxhuzula Okutsha | Olu luphawu olubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba umntu ongazange abe nesifo sokuxhuzula ebomini bakhe uqala ukuba nesifo sokuxhuzula esitsha emva kweminyaka engama-40, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo sika-Alzheimer. |
| Inkumbulo kunye nobuchule bokucinga | Nangona ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kusenokungabonakali ekuqaleni, kodwa kunokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kuba nzima ukukhumbula izinto ezintsha. Amandla okukhetha okulungileyo kokungalunganga nokwenza izigqibo ayancipha. |
| Ubunzima bokuthetha | Usenokuqala ukuthetha kancinci, ube nobunzima bokufumana amagama, okanye uthethe amazwi angento yanto. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona utshintsho kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokuziphatha komntwana wakho okanye ilungu losapho (isiseko) . Ngenxa yokuba baneengxaki zokufunda ukususela ekuzalweni kwabo, kunokuba nzima ukubona utshintsho kwinkumbulo. Kodwa ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba, "Lo mntu wayengenjalo ngaphambili, ngoku wahlukile," yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Umngcipheko uyanda xa uneminyaka emingaphi?
Isifo sika-Alzheimer sidla ngokukhula kubantu ngokubanzi emva kweminyaka engama-65. Nangona kunjalo, kumntu one-Down syndrome, le ngozi yenzeka kwangethuba kakhulu.
- Uneminyaka engama-35 ubudalaKutshanje, uphando lufumanise ukuba malunga ne-25% (omnye kwabane) yabantu abane-Down syndrome banokubonisa iimpawu ze-Alzheimer's.
- Kwabaninzi, iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala xa bephakathi kweminyaka engama-40 okanye ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-50.
- Lilonke, amathuba okuba umntu onesifo i-Down syndrome abe nesifo i-Alzheimer aphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kunabo bonke abantu.
Ndingenza ntoni njengomgcini?
Olu lwazi lunokukoyikisa. Kodwa ungoyiki. Ukuqonda sesona sixhobo silungileyo. Kukho izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu onokuzenza.
1. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezonyango: Kubalulekile ukusa umntwana wakho okanye ilungu losapho kugqirha rhoqo. Ingakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-30, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko we-Alzheimer's.
2. Uvavanyo olusisiseko: Xa uneminyaka engama-30, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze uvavanye inkumbulo yomntwana wakho, ukusebenza kwakhe kwemihla ngemihla, kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe. Oku kuya kukunceda uchonge naluphi na utshintsho oluza kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.
3. Lumka xa kukho utshintsho: Umazi ngcono. Ngoko ke, nokuba lutshintsho luncinci olubonayo, lubhale phantsi encwadini enomhla nexesha. Bhala amanqaku anjengokuthi, "Akakwazanga ukuzinxiba eyedwa izihlangu zakhe namhlanje," "Ubenomsindo kakhulu ukusukela kwiveki ephelileyo." Oku kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kugqirha.
4. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba ufumana uphawu olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zidweliswe apha ngasentla, ungalindi de kube kamva ukuze ubone ugqirha wakho . Nangona isifo sika-Alzheimer singenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye namaqhinga anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokubonelela ngesiqabu kuwe nakwisigulane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Abantu abane-Down syndrome basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokufumana isifo se-Alzheimer kunabantu ngokubanzi.
- Iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwiminyaka engama-40 okanye ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-50, kwangethuba kakhulu kunakubantu ngokubanzi.
- Endaweni yokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, iimpawu zokuqala zinokubandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, okanye ukuxhuzula okutsha.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olucacileyo kwindlela umntu omthandayo aziphatha ngayo, ubuchule bakhe, okanye imikhwa yakhe yemihla ngemihla, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba.
- Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo lwezonyango kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulana kwaye kukunike isiqabu njengomnakekeli.
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