Ingaba ingqondo yomntwana wakho isengozini? Masithethe nge-medulloblastoma!

Ngaba wakha weva ngeMedulloblastoma? Mhlawumbi akunjalo. Luhlobo lomhlaza wobuchopho oluxhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni abancinci, ingakumbi abo bangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, masicacise ngale nto. Kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela le meko.

Ngoko ke, yintoni i-medulloblastoma?

Ngamafutshane, i-medulloblastoma sisimila esinomhlaza esikhula kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo (CNS) , ebuchotsheni bakho nakwintambo yomqolo. Sihlala sikhula kwinxalenye yengqondo yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-cerebellum, ekwindawo engasemva kwengqondo yakho. Ubusazi na ukuba le ngqondo incinci ilawula izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wakho, ezinje ngokulinganisela, ukuhamba, kunye nokuhambisa iingalo nemilenze yakho?

Esi sifo sidla ngokuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, sinokuvela nakubantu abadala, nangona kunqabile. Ukuba sivela kubantu abadala, sidla ngokubonakala phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-45 ubudala.

Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wobuchopho ebantwaneni . Luhlala lufunyaniswa kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-9 ubudala.

Iithumba zeMedulloblastoma zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokusasazeka ziye kwezinye iindawo zengqondo kunye nomqolo ngokusebenzisa ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal - ulwelo olucacileyo olujikeleze ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo.

Zithini iimpawu zoku? Uzibona njani?

Iimpawu zeMedulloblastoma zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Zixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, ubungakanani bethumba, kunye nokuba likhule kangakanani. Ezinye iimpawu zinokubangelwa yindawo elikuyo ithumba okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwentloko. Kungcono ukuba uqaphele ezi zinto:

• Iintloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo: Oku kunokwahluka kwintloko eqhelekileyo, kwaye kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kusasa.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Le meko inokubonwa ngakumbi kusasa.
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela: Ukuziva ungaqinisekanga xa uhamba, ungakwazi ukuma ngokuthe nkqo.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Ukungakwazi ukuma ngeenyawo zakho kakuhle, ubunzima bokunyuka nokwehla kwizinyuko.
• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva ngathi izinto ziyajikeleza.
• Utshintsho lombono: Ukufiphala ngequbuliso kombono, ukubona kabini.
• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva ngathi awudinwa nokuba ulala kangakanani na.
• Intlungu yomqolo: Ngamanye amaxesha, iintlungu zomqolo zinokwenzeka ukuba umhlaza usasazeka uye kumqolo.
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo kunye nendle:Nokuba ubunokulawula kakuhle ngaphambili, ukuba kuvela iingxaki ezinje ngequbuliso, kufuneka ukhathazeke. Kwimeko yabantwana abancinci, ukuphindaphindeka 'kweengozi' kunokwanda.

Musa ukoyika i-medulloblastoma kuba nje unenye okanye ezimbini zezi mpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelelana, ingakumbi kumntwana omncinci, kulungile ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

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Kutheni i-medulloblastoma ikhula? Zithini izizathu?

Oogqirha abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-medulloblastoma. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba ezinye izifo zemfuza zinokwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba utshintsho oluthile lwemfuza oludluliselwe kwizizukulwana lunokuba nefuthe.

Nazi ezinye iimeko zemfuza ezonyusa loo mngcipheko:

• Utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1: Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngeezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2. Iiproteni abazenzayo zinoxanduva lokulungisa i-DNA yethu xa yonakele. Abantu abafumana ilifa leentlobo ezithile zezi zakhi zofuzo basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.
• Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS): Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiGorlin syndrome. Le yimeko efunyanwa njengelifa. Abantu abanale meko basengozini enkulu yokufumana umhlaza wesikhumba se-basal cell. Banethuba eliyi-5% lokufumana i-medulloblastoma.
• I-Turcot syndrome: Abantu abanale meko banokuba nethumba le-central nervous system, njenge-medulloblastoma okanye i-pituitary adenoma, kunye nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu.
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome: Abantu abanale meko basengozini enkulu yokufumana ii-sarcomas, umhlaza webele, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wobuchopho (ii-gliomas, ii-choroid plexus carcinomas), umhlaza we-adrenal gland, kunye ne-leukemia.

Ezi meko zemfuza zinzima kakhulu. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngale nto, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala athethe nawe ngeempawu zakho aze ajonge imbali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Emva koko, ukuba bacinga ukuba i-medulloblastoma inesifo, baya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikho na ingxaki.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezidla ngokwenziwa?

• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological: Kule meko, ugqirha uza kujonga indlela ova ngayo, obona ngayo, osebenza ngayo, kunye nokusabela komzimba. Oku kunokukunika umbono wokuba leliphi icala lobuchopho elichaphazelekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lomfanekiso:Oku kuquka iskeni ye-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) okanye iskeni ye-CT (Computed Tomography). Ezi skeni zinokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho ithumba ngaphakathi kwengqondo, ukuba likhulu kangakanani, kwaye likuphi.
• I-Biopsy: Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha kuya kufuneka bathathe isampuli encinci yezicubu ezivela kwithumba baze bazithumele kwingcali yezifo, ugqirha ochwephesha ekuhloleni izicubu. I-biopsy idla ngokwenziwa ukuba ukuxilongwa akunakuqinisekiswa nge-scan kuphela.
• I-Spinal tap (Lumbar Puncture): Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wotyando uthatha isampuli encinci yolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal aze ayijonge ukuba ayinazo na iiseli zomhlaza. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa emva kokuba ithumba lisusiwe okanye uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwengqondo lulawulwa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweMedulloblastoma?

Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubudala bakho, impilo iyonke, kunye nobukhulu bethumba. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango oluphambili lwe-medulloblastoma lutyando lokususa ithumba. Oku kunokulandelwa yi-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation, okanye zombini.

• Utyando: Olu tyando lwenziwa yi-Neurosurgeon. Oku kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo okanye kususe ngokupheleleyo ithumba. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba ithumba likwindawo enzulu engqondweni, kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka, kunokuba nzima ukulisusa ngokupheleleyo.
• Unyango ngemitha: Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zihlale emva kotyando. Ngamanye amaxesha lunikwa kunye ne-chemotherapy.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Olu nyango lunikwa yingcali yomhlaza. La mayeza anokunikwa emva kotyando, emva konyango lwemitha, okanye kunye nonyango lwemitha. Kwezinye iimeko, ukufakelwa kweseli yesiqu kunokunikwa emva konyango lwekhemotherapy.

Khumbula, zonke ezi ndlela zonyango zigqitywa liqela loogqirha, kwaye zenzelwe imeko yakho ethile.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha? (Ixesha lokuchacha)

Ubude bonyango kunye nexesha lokuchacha ziyahluka ukusuka kumntu nomntu. Ukuba utyando lobuchopho, kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze uphile . Ukuba utyando lwe-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi okanye iinyanga. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ukuze wazi ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineempawu ezidweliswe apha ngasentla (ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukudideka, utshintsho ekuboneni), bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Kwakhona, ukuba sele unyangwa i-medulloblastoma, xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ozifumanayo. Zinokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho kwaye zinciphise ukungonwabi kwakho.

Yintoni enokulindelwa ngumntu one-medulloblastoma?

Kukho iqela elikhulu lezonyango elinokukunceda kule meko. Phakathi kwabo kukho:

• Iingcali zomhlaza zonyango
• Oogqirha beengqondo
• Iingcali zezifo
• Iingcali zonyango
• Iingcali ze-radiology
• Iingcali zomhlaza wemitha
• Abantu abafana ne-'Neuropsychologists' banokubandakanywa.

Xa bebonke, bakha isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe wena esifanela iimfuno zakho.

Ngaba iMedulloblastoma inganyangeka?

Ewe, kwiimeko ezininzi. Nangona i-medulloblastoma yimeko enokusasazeka kuyo yonke inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, abantu abaninzi banokunyangwa. Ingakumbi ukuba umhlaza awukasasazeka kwezinye iindawo zengqondo kunye nomqolo, amathuba okusinda aphezulu.

Ithini ingqikelelo yoku?

Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ye-medulloblastoma lingaphezulu kwe-80% . Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwe-80% abafunyaniswe bene-medulloblastoma basaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Ezi zibalo zisekelwe kwiziphumo zabantu ababenaso esi sifo ngaphambili.

Kodwa khumbula, ezi zibalo azinakukuxelela ngqo ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwimeko yakho. Ukuze wazi kakuhle imeko yakho kunye neendlela zokuchacha, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Ukuva ngethumba lobuchopho kunokuba nzima kakhulu ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo, nangokweemvakalelo. Ingakumbi ukuba lichaphazela umntwana wakho, linokuba nzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango olusebenzayo, ngoko ke kukho ithemba . Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nonyango olutsha, olufana novavanyo lweklinikhi. Kwakhona, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nezixhobo kunye namaqela enkxaso anokukunceda. Ngeli xesha linzima, kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla kunye nentuthuzelo ukuba phakathi kwabantu abaye badlula kwizinto ezifanayo nezakho.

Ngamafutshane, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo esithethe ngazo malunga ne-medulloblastoma:

• I-Medulloblastoma ngumhlaza wobuchopho odla ngokuvela kakhulu ebantwaneni., kodwa nabantu abadala banokuyihlakulela.
• Qaphela iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo ungaziwa , ezinye iimeko zemfuza zinokudlala indima.
• Esi sifo sichongwa ngovavanyo olufana ne-MRI, i-CT scan, kunye ne-biopsy.
• Kukho iindlela zonyango ezifana notyando, i-chemotherapy, kunye nonyango lwe-radiation.
• Amathuba okuchacha aphezulu , ingakumbi ukuba uxilongiwe kwaye unyangwa kwangethuba.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezithile , ungoyiki ukubona ugqirha .

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Khumbula, awuwedwa. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha.