Nabani na unokoyika kancinci xa esiva igama elithi utyando lwentliziyo, akunjalo? Ingakumbi ukuba lutyando olubandakanya ukutshintsha inxalenye yentliziyo efana nevalvu. Kodwa ungoyiki. Olu lutyando olwenziwe ngamawaka abantu ngempumelelo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuba yi-Aortic Valve Surgery, ukuba lwenza ntoni na, kwaye kutheni lubalulekile kuwe.
Know your body mass index (BMI) and weight classification
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le Aortic Valve?
Khawuthelekelele intliziyo yakho njengendlu encinci, kodwa enamandla kakhulu enamagumbi amane. Isango eliphambili elimpompa igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini elivela kule ndlu ukuya emzimbeni wonke yiAortic Valve . Ngokuchanekileyo, eli 'sango' liphakathi kwegumbi eliphambili lokumpompa lentliziyo (iLeft Ventricle) kunye nomthambo wegazi oyintloko (iAorta) othwala igazi liye emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba eli sango lisebenze ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni wonke.
Kutheni le valve ifuna utyando?
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukususela ekuzalweni, le valve inokuba yinto engasebenzi kakuhle. Iingxaki ezimbini eziphambili zinokwenzeka.
| Imeko yezonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Aortic Valve Stenosis (ukuncitshiswa kwevalvu) | Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba iivalvu ziyatyeba kwaye azivuleki kakuhle. Oku kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ivakale ngathi ibambekile kwaye kufuneka ikhuphe igazi. |
| Ukuvuselelwa kweValve ye-Aortic (ivalve evuzayo) | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ii-valve flaps azivaleki kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, inxalenye yegazi elakhutshwayo livuza libuyela entliziyweni. |
Ezi ngxaki zimbini zibangela uxinzelelo olungakumbi entliziyweni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le meko inokuba mandundu ide ifikelele kwinqanaba lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo okanye i-cardiac emi ngequbuliso. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukulungisa le valve ngotyando.
Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando ezikhoyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando.
- Ukulungiswa kweValve yeAorta: Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, oogqirha bazama ukulungisa isiphene kwivalve yakho yendalo baze bayigcine. Oku kubandakanya ukugcina uninzi lwezicubu zakho kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Ukutshintshwa kweValve ye-Aortic yotyando (SAVR): Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ivalve yonakele kangangokuba ayinakulungiswa, isuswa ngokupheleleyo kuze kufakwe ivalve entsha yokwenziwa.
Injani ivalvu entsha?
Ukuba utshintshelwa ivalvu, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zenziwe ngezicubu zezilwanyana (umz., ihagu, inkomo), ngelixa ezinye zenziwe ngezicubu zomntu. Ukongeza, kukho uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yivalvu yoomatshini , eyenziwe ngentsimbi eqinileyo ngokupheleleyo. Uhlobo ngalunye luneengenelo kunye neengxaki zalo. Umzekelo, ukuba unevalvu yoomatshini, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho kwaye ukhethe elungele wena.
Masifunde nange-TAVR/TAVI: Ngenxa yeteknoloji ephucukileyo ekhoyo namhlanje, kukho indlela apho ityhubhu idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi ekwisinqe okanye engalweni ukuya entliziyweni ize itshintshe ivalvu ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokupheleleyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiTranscatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR/TAVI) . Kodwa oku akunakwenziwa ngumntu wonke. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola aze akunike uvavanyo oluninzi oluyimfuneko.
- Iskeni sentliziyo (i-Echocardiogram - i-Echo)
- Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba
- Uvavanyo lwe-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram)
- Iskeni ye-CT
- I-Catheterization yentliziyo (uvavanyo apho ikhamera idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi)
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo
Emva kwako konke oku, ugqirha uza kukunika imiyalelo yokuba wenze ntoni ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando. Umzekelo, ukungatyi okanye ukusela nantoni na emva kweentsuku ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando, nokuba kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amayeza, kunye nokuba uza kufika nini esibhedlele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Indlela okwenziwa ngayo utyando kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswayo
Ngexesha lotyando, uza kufakwa i-anesthesia ngokupheleleyo ukuze ungabi nantlungu. Ugqirha angasebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokufikelela intliziyo.
| Indlela yotyando | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweNtliziyo oluVulekileyo lweSintu | Apha, kwenziwa ukusika okuziisentimitha ezi-6-8 phakathi kwesifuba ukuze kuvulwe i-sternum kwaye kufikelelwe entliziyweni. |
| Utyando lwentliziyo olungenalo utyando | Oku kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci okuziisentimitha ezi-2-4, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokupheleleyo. Oku kubangela ukopha okuncinci, ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele, kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza. |
Ngexesha lotyando, uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini okhethekileyo (uMshini weNhliziyo-neeNgxaki) ukuze wenze imisebenzi yentliziyo nemiphunga yakho okwethutyana. Ugqirha uza kuyimisa intliziyo yakho aze ayilungise okanye ayitshintshe ngononophelo ivalvu. Wakuba umsebenzi ugqityiwe, intliziyo iza kuqaliswa kwakhona, ikhutshwe kumatshini, kwaye amanxeba aza kuvalwa. Lonke utyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini.
Emva kotyando... ixesha lokuchacha
Emva kotyando, uza kuqala ungeniswe kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU) uze emva koko udluliselwe kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7. Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kangangeeveki ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke mamela umzimba wakho kwaye ufumane ukuphumla okwaneleyo.
Ugqirha wakho angacebisa inkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo . Oku kubandakanya ukwakha amandla akho kancinci kancinci ngokuzilolonga phantsi kweliso lengcali. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ungaphinda nini imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi nokuqhuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo.
Abanye abantu banokuba noxinzelelo oluncinci, usizi, okanye ukuphelelwa lithemba emva kotyando lwentliziyo. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye kunokunyangeka. Ukuba uhlangabezana noku, thetha nogqirha wakho ngako.
Iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo
Emva kokubuyela ekhaya, ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukuziva ubanda
- Kukho ubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukubomvu ngenxa yotyando.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukudumba kwemilenze (i-Edema)
- Ukunyuka kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1.5 kg (iikhilogram ezi-3) ngeveki
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nangona utyando lwe-aortic valve luyinkqubo enzulu, lunyango olunokusindisa ubomi bakho kwaye lube neziphumo eziphumelelayo.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngokulungiswa kweevalvu, ukutshintshwa, utyando oluvulekileyo, okanye utyando olungenalo utyando. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe emva kotyando. Nika umzimba wakho ixesha lokuphola. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga naluphi na uloyiko okanye iinkxalabo onazo malunga notyando okanye ixesha lokuchacha.
- Inkxaso yosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bakho iya kuba namandla amakhulu kuwe kolu hambo, ngoko ke baxelele oku nabo.
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