Ngaba umntwana wakho wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha? Funda nge-apnea yokungavuthwa kwangaphambili

Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci weza kweli hlabathi kwangethuba? Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko oluncinci njengomama okanye utata ngamaxesha anjalo. Usenokuba uzibuza ngokuphefumla komntwana wakho, ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ingxaki yokuphefumla esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje yi-'Apnea of ​​​​Prematurity', enokwenzeka kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi komhla wokuzalwa, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa. Ungakhathazeki, oku kudla ngokuba yinto yexeshana, kwaye oogqirha bayazi indlela yokunceda ngale nto.

Yintoni i-Apnea yoBudala?

Ngamafutshane, amalungu omzimba wosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa, ingakumbi iinkqubo ezilunceda ukuba luphefumle, alukakhuli ngokupheleleyo. Cinga ngako, imiphunga yalo emincinci, iziko lokuphefumla engqondweni yalo, zonke ezi zinto 'zisafunda'. Ngoko ke, abakakulungeli ukuphefumla ngesingqi esifanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoku, ngamanye amaxesha ukuphefumla kwalo kuyayeka imizuzwana embalwa. Oku koko oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba 'zii-apneic spells'.

Usenokoyika xa usiva oku, "Owu, umntwana wam akaphefumli kakuhle?" Kodwa le meko ixhaphakile kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha. Kwaye oogqirha bayazi indlela yokuyinyanga. Umntwana wakho uza kuchitha ixesha elithile kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZifo eziSandulelayo (i-NICU). Apho, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baza kuhlala bejonga imeko yomntwana baze bamnike unyango lokumnceda aphefumle. Xa umntwana wakho ekwazi ukuphefumla ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ngaphandle koncedo, uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu umntwana one-Apnea of ​​Prematurity anokubonisa:

• Ukuphefumla kuye kwaphela imizuzwana eli-15 okanye engama-20, mhlawumbi nangaphezulu.
• Intliziyo ibetha kancinci. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'bradycardia'.
• Amanqanaba e-oksijini aphantsi egazini. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hypoxemia. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ulusu lomntwana, ingakumbi imilebe nolwimi, lubonakale luluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lumhlophe, luphuzi-ngwevu, okanye lungwevu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-cyanosis.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuphefumla komntwana kusenokuma ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana eli-15. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho isantya sentliziyo esicothayo (bradycardia) okanye amanqanaba e-oxygen aphantsi (hypoxemia), oku kukwathathwa njengophawu lwesi simo 'sokuphelelwa ngamandla'.

Kubalulekile: Oku kufanele kwahlulwe kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'periodic breathing'. Ukuphefumla rhoqo kuxa iintsana ziphumla kancinci (ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana eli-10) ekuphefumleni kwazo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akubangeli ukwehla kwesantya sentliziyo okanye amanqanaba eoksijini. Emva koko, ziphefumla ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthathwa njengesiqhelo.

Kutheni oku kwenzeka kwiintsana zethu? (Izizathu ze-Apnea yokuNgafiki kwexesha)

Isizathu esiphambili sale nto (i-Apnea of ​​Prematurity), njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kukuba iindlela zomoya zomntwana kunye neziko lokuphefumla kwengqondo azikakhuli ngokupheleleyo. Ezi ndawo zimbini zisebenza kunye ukuvumela umntwana ukuba aphefumle ngokufanelekileyo. Oogqirha bahlula ezi khefu zokuphefumla zibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ngokusekelwe kwisizathu:

• I-Apnea ethintelayo
• I-Apnea esembindini
• I-Apnea exutyiweyo

Yintoni i-Obstructive Apnea?

Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya yomntwana. Le ndlela yomoya yileyo ithwala umoya otyebileyo kwimiphunga ize isuse i-carbon dioxide kwimiphunga. Ngoko ke, ukuze umoya uhambe kakuhle, le ndlela yomoya kufuneka ivuleke.

Nangona kunjalo, indlela yomoya yomntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha (ingakumbi inxalenye ephuma entanyeni) isenokungabi namandla ngokwaneleyo ukuba ihlale ivulekile ngalo lonke ixesha. Kulapho ke ukuphefumla kunokuyeka khona. Kufana nombhobho omncinci ongavuli kakuhle kwaye ubambeke.

Yintoni i-Central Apnea?

Oku kwenzeka xa i-brainstem, embindini wengqondo yomntwana olawula ukuphefumla, ingathumeli imiqondiso ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, le brainstem ithumela imiqondiso kwimisipha yokuphefumla yomntwana - umzekelo, i-diaphragm kunye nemisipha ye-intercostal. Ezi misipha zinceda ekutsaleni umoya ungene kwaye uphume emiphungeni.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-brainstem yomntwana ayikakhuli ngokupheleleyo, imiqondiso ephuma kuyo ayilungelelananga kwaye ayithembekanga. Yiyo loo nto ukuphefumla kunokuyeka phakathi. Kungathi umyalelo ovela engqondweni othi "phefumla!" awufiki ngexesha.

Yintoni i-Mixed Apnea?

Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba kukho ingxaki kwindlela umntwana aphefumla ngayo, kwaye imiqondiso evela kwiziko lokulawula ukuphefumla kwengqondo ayiveli kakuhle. Kubonakala ngathi zombini ezi zizathu zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla ziyadibana. Olu hlobo lwe-apnea lubonakala kakhulu kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Le meko (i-Apnea of ​​Prematurity) ifunyaniswa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZifo eziSandulelayo (i-NICU) apho umntwana akhoyo. Le yindawo yesibhedlele apho kugcinwa khona iintsana ezifuna unyango olukhethekileyo kunye nonyango. Ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, unokufuneka ahlale kwi-NICU okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuba abuyele ekhaya.

Ngelixa umntwana ese-NICU, oogqirha kunye nabongikazi bahlala bejonga ezi zinto:

• Inqanaba lentliziyo
• Indlela yokuphefumla
• Inqanaba leoksijini egazini

Ezi monitors zithumela imiqondiso ukuba isantya sentliziyo yomntwana siyehla okanye ukuba ukuphefumla kuyeka okwethutyana. Oogqirha basebenzisa idatha evela kwezi matshini kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngabahlengikazi ukuchonga imeko.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kuyeka ukuphefumla kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kunokuba luphawu lwezinye iimeko zonyango. Umzekelo, iingxaki zemetabolism, ukopha kwengqondo, kunye nosulelo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha baqala ngokujonga umntwana ukuze babone ukuba kukho ezinye iimeko zonyango ezifana nezi. Kuphela emva kokususa zonke ezinye izizathu, apho banokugqiba ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba le yi-Apnea of ​​Prematurity.

I-Apnea yoKungakhuli kakuhle ichazwa njengokuyekiswa kokuphefumla komntwana kuba wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kwaye iinkqubo zakhe zemithambo-luvo kunye nokuphefumla azikakhuli ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, de umzimba wakhe ulungele ukwenza ezi zinto ngokwawo, udinga uncedo oluncinci lokuphefumla.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Unyango lwe-Apnea of ​​Prematurity ludla ngokuba yenye okanye zombini zezi zilandelayo:

• Amayeza (adla ngokuba yi-caffeine citrate)
• Ukunceda ukuphefumla

Kutheni i-caffeine yongezwa koku?

I-caffeine citrate liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-Apnea yoBudala. Njengokungcangcazela esikufumanayo xa sisela ikofu kusasa, eli yeza livuselela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana. Eli 'vuko' linceda iziko lokuphefumla kwengqondo yomntwana kunye neeseli zemithambo-luvo zithumele imiqondiso elawula ukuphefumla.

Le pilisi yecaffeine inciphisa inani lee-apneic spells ezifunyanwa ngumntwana. Ikwanceda ekunciphiseni ixesha lokuma kokuphefumla.

Inkxaso yokuphefumla

Ngamanye amaxesha indlela yomoya ephezulu yomntwana, i-pharynx kunye ne-larynx, ifuna uncedo oluncinci ukuze ihlale ivulekile. Kwimeko enjalo, oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP). Kule meko, umntwana uphefumla yedwa. Nangona kunjalo, umoya uthunyelwa ngeetyhubhu ezimbini ezincinci ezifakwe empumlweni yomntwana. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuma kokuphefumla okubangelwa kukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya.

Khawuthelekelele, xa uvuthela umoya omncinci kwibhaluni encinci, ubonakala ngathi uyavuthela, le CPAP inceda ukugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uyaqhubeka nokungakwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle, usenokufuna 'umoya womoya'. Oku kuthetha ukuba umatshini (i-ventilator) uya kuphefumla umntwana de umzimba womntwana ukwazi ukuphefumla ngokwawo. Oku kwenzeka ixesha elifutshane.

Ukuba umntwana wam unale meko, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

I-Apnea yoKungafiki ixesha yimeko yexeshana . Njengoko umntwana ekhula kwaye ekhula, ezi mpawu ziya kuncipha kancinci kancinci. Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukuhlala kwi-NICU iiveki ezimbalwa, okanye iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Apho, uya kufumana unyango kungekuphela nje kwiingxaki zokuphefumla, kodwa nakwezinye iingxaki ezinokuvela ekuzalweni ngaphambi kwexesha.

Oogqirha baza kukuxelela ukuba umntwana uya kufuneka ahlale ixesha elingakanani kwi-NICU kunye noko kufuneka kwenzeke ukuze umntwana athathwe ngokukhuselekileyo aye naye ekhaya.

Ngokwesiqhelo, oogqirha baya kugqiba ixesha elikhuselekileyo lokuyeka unyango lomntwana. Emva koko, emva kokuba unyango luyekisiwe, baya kujonga indlela umzimba womntwana osabela ngayo kulo. Ngaphambi kokuba umntwana athunyelwe ekhaya, kuya kufuneka ahlale apho iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kweengxaki zokuphefumla. Ubude beli "xesha lokumjonga" buya kuxhomekeka ekubeni umntwana ebengaphambi kwexesha kangakanani kunye nempilo yakhe iyonke.

Uninzi lweentsana aludingi ukubekwa esweni rhoqo emva kokuba zibuyele ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna ukubekwa esweni, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ngqo into ekufuneka uyenze. Ukuba kukho into ongaqinisekanga ngayo okanye ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokunyamekela umntwana wakho ekhaya, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi. Baza kukunika lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukuze uqhele le ndawo intsha.

I-Apnea yokuNgafiki kwexesha yinto eqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezisandula ukuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi ukuba ixhaphakile, akulula ukuba kude nosana lwakho xa ufuna ukulubamba. Uya kuziva unesizungu kwaye ulusizi ngelixa umntwana wakho ekwi-NICU. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba oku kungokwexeshana.

Oogqirha kunye nabongikazi kwi-NICU baza kukunceda ufumane iindlela zokuchitha ixesha nomntwana wakho ngeli xesha. Baza kukunika nolwazi malunga nendlela umntwana wakho aphefumla ngayo kunye nexesha onokulindela ukuba umntwana wakho akwazi ukumsa ekhaya ngalo.

Khumbula njengesishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuba umntwana wakho ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha unesifo sokuphelelwa ngamandla ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamandla, oko kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo. Kodwa nceda ukhumbule:

• Oku kudla ngokuba yinto yexeshana. Njengoko umntwana ekhula, inkqubo yakhe yokuphefumla nayo iyaqina.
• Oogqirha bayayazi indlela yokunyanga oku. Umntwana wakho uza kufumana unyango olungcono kwi-NICU.
• Awuwedwa. Kukho abanye abazali abaye baba namava afanayo, kungekuphela nje oogqirha nabahlengikazi. Musa ukuthandabuza ukwabelana ngeemvakalelo zakho kwaye ucele uncedo.
• Hlala unethemba. Nawe uza kuba nethuba lokuya ekhaya nomntwana wakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo.

Ndikunqwenelela umntwana wakho ukuba aphile ngokukhawuleza!

Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha , i-apnea, ukuphefumla komntwana, i-NICU, impilo yomntwana, ubunzima bokuphefumla, unyango lwe-caffeine