Masifunde ngakumbi malunga netyhefu ye-arsenic. Lumka nawe!

Ngaba ukhe weva nge-'Arsenic'? Mhlawumbi kwiphephandaba, kwiTV. Oku kuyinto ekhoyo ngokwemvelo kwindawo esikuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ubungakanani bale arsenic buyanda, ayilungelanga imizimba yethu. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni ubuthi be-arsenic, indlela yokuyilumkela, kunye neempawu zayo. Le yinto ekufuneka ixoxwe ngayo nzulu, kuba inokuchaphazela impilo yethu.

Yintoni iArsenic?

Ngamafutshane, i-arsenic yinto ekhoyo ngokwemvelo kwindawo esikuyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho i-arsenic ethile kuyo yonke indawo, emhlabeni, emhlabeni, emanzini, emoyeni, kwizityalo nakwizilwanyana. Le arsenic idibana nezinye izinto ukwenza iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zezi khompawundi.

Iikhompawundi ze-arsenic ezingaphiliyo

Ezi zezona ntlobo ziyingozi kakhulu . Ezi khompawundi ze-arsenic ezingaphiliyo zenziwa xa i-arsenic, i-oxygen, i-chlorine, kunye ne-sulfur zidityaniswe nezinye izinto. Zingavela ngokwemvelo emhlabeni nasematyeni. Zongezwa nakwindalo ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zezolimo nezemizi-mveliso (umzekelo, ukumbiwa kwemigodi, ukunyibilikisa isinyithi, kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokwenza). Zithwalwa ngumoya njengothuli emoyeni nasemhlabeni. Zinokuvuza emanzini angaphezulu okanye emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba. Ezi khompawundi ze-arsenic ezingaphiliyo ziyingozi kakhulu kwaye zinokubangela umhlaza.

Iikhompawundi ze-arsenic zendalo

Ezi khompawundi ze-arsenic zendalo zenziwa xa i-arsenic, ikhabhoni, kunye ne-hydrogen zidityaniswe nemizimba yezityalo nezilwanyana. Umzekelo, zifumaneka kwizilwanyana zaselwandle, njengeentlanzi kunye ne-shellfish. Nangona kunjalo, ezi khompawundi ze-arsenic zendalo azinabungozi njengeekhompawundi ezingaphiliyo. Azifumanekanga nokuba zibangela umhlaza.

Ngoko ke, yintoni ityhefu ye-arsenic?

Ityhefu ye-arsenic yimeko eyenzeka xa utya inani elikhulu le-arsenic . Ineempawu ezifana nezinye iityhefu zesinyithi esinzima, ezifana ne-mercury okanye i-lead.

Ityhefu ye-arsenic inokwenzeka ngequbuliso, okanye ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa kuqhelekile ukuyibona kancinci kancinci, emva kwexesha elide, emva kokuchatshazelwa yi-arsenic. Oku kunokwenzeka ngamanzi angcolileyo, umoya, umhlaba, okanye ukutya. Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kwiindawo zezolimo nezemizi-mveliso. Ukuba ityhefu ye-arsenic ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu kwanokufa.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yityhefu ye-arsenic?

Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-140 kwihlabathi liphela basengozini yokufumana ityhefu ye-arsenic. Eyona nto ibangela oku ngamanzi okusela angcolileyo . Abantu kumazwe amalunga nama-50 basebenzisa amanzi anamanqanaba ayingozi e-arsenic. La mazwe aquka amazwe afana neBangladesh, iIndiya, iTshayina, iThailand, iChile, iMexico kunye ne-United States.

Zithini iimpawu zetyhefu ye-arsenic?

Kwimizuzu engama-30 emva kokuba ubekwe kumanqanaba aphezulu e-arsenicNangona kunjalo, iimpawu zinokubakho. Iimpawu zokuqala zezi:

• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Urhudo (intlungu yesisu)
• Ukukhwehlela
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuthi "ukuphelelwa ngamandla")
• Umphimbo obuhlungu (`(pharyngitis)`)
• Ukungahambi kakuhle kwesingqisho sentliziyo (`(arrhythmia)`)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi)
• Ukungaziva mnandi okanye ukurhawuzelela kwiminwe nakwiinzwane
• Ubomvu bolusu kunye nokudumba
• Ivumba legalikhi elivela emlonyeni nasemzimbeni (eli luphawu olukhethekileyo)

Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ezibangelwa kukuvezwa ixesha elide kwi-arsenic zingathatha iminyaka ukuba zivele. Ziyingozi kakhulu . Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu (ukuba mnyama kolusu, amabala)
• Iintsumpa kunye nezilonda zesikhumba
• Ukutyeba kolusu ezintendeni nasezinyaweni (oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi "hyperkeratosis")
• Imigca emhlophe kwizikhonkwane (ebizwa ngokuba yimigca ethi ``Mees'')
• Umphimbo obuhlungu rhoqo
• Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya rhoqo

Zithini izizathu zetyhefu ye-arsenic?

Ityhefu ye-arsenic idla ngokubangelwa kukusela amanzi angcolileyo . Kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, kuquka ne-United States, amanzi okusela aqulathe amanqanaba aphezulu e-arsenic. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-arsenic eyenzeka ngokwemvelo emhlabeni ingena kwimithombo yamanzi. Ukongeza, amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba anokungcoliswa yinkunkuma yemizi-mveliso.

Ityhefu ye-arsenic inokwenzeka nasekuphekeni ngamanzi angcolileyo. Kwakhona, ukuba amanzi angcolileyo asetyenziselwa izityalo ezininzi, i-arsenic nayo ingangena kuloo nto yokutya.

Ukutya ukutya okungcolisiweyo yenye imbangela yetyhefu ye-arsenic. Ezinye ukutya, umzekelo, inkukhu, irayisi, ezinye iziselo zeziqhamo, kunye nezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi zinokuba ne-arsenic. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-arsenic ikhona emhlabeni okanye emanzini. Ekubeni sitya irayisi njengokutya okuqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku.

Ukuba usebenza kwishishini elisebenzisa i-arsenic, ungafumana ityhefu ye-arsenic ngokuphefumla rhoqo amasuntswana e-arsenic emoyeni. Amanye amashishini asebenzisa i-arsenic aquka:

• Ukuveliswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kunye nemithi yokubulala ukhula
• Ishishini lokunyibilikisa isinyithi kunye nokwembiwa kwemigodi
• Imveliso yeglasi
• Ukuveliswa kwee-semiconductor
• Ukusebenza ngomthi kunye nokuchwela (i-arsenic isetyenziselwa ukugcina ezinye iintlobo zomthi)

Kukho nezinye izizathu:

• Ukutshaya icuba
• Ukuphefumla umsi okanye uthuli oluvela kwiinkuni ezitshayo olunongwe nge-arsenic
• Ukudibana nomhlaba, uthuli, okanye umthi one-arsenic ogcinwe nge-arsenic

Indlela yokubona ubuthi be-arsenic?

Ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lwe-heavy metal.Jonga ukuba ityhefu ye-arsenic ayibonakali. Uvavanyo lomchamo lunokubonisa ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-arsenic kwixesha elifutshane. Uvavanyo lwegazi, olufana nokujonga iinwele zakho kunye neenzipho, lunokubonisa nokuba ukhe wachaphazeleka ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-arsenic kwixesha leenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12. Olu vavanyo lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo apho umngcipheko wetyhefu ye-arsenic uphezulu.

Iphathwa njani ityhefu ye-arsenic?

Unyango lwetyhefu ye-arsenic luxhomekeke kwindlela oye wachaphazeleka ngayo, oko kukuthi, uhlobo, ubungakanani, kunye nobude bexesha lokubonakaliswa kwe-arsenic. Kwimeko yokuvezwa ngengozi, inyathelo lokuqala kukususa impahla engcolileyo uze uhlambe ulusu kakuhle.

Ugqirha wakho angakunika unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi- "Chelation therapy." Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ukususa i-arsenic egazini lakho.

Ungazama nonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-bowel irrigation , olubandakanya ukukhupha umxholo wendlela yakho yokugaya ukutya ngesicombululo esikhethekileyo. Oku kuyayekisa i-arsenic ukuba ingangeni emzimbeni wakho.

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho kunye nezintso. Ungadinga ioksijini, ityuwa, utofelo-gazi, amayeza entliziyo, okanye amayeza okulawula ukuxhuzula.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu.

Ungazikhusela njani kwityhefu ye-arsenic?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ubuthi be-arsenic kukuqinisekisa ukuba usela amanzi acocekileyo . Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba konke ukutya okutyayo kulungisiwe ngamanzi acocekileyo. Kungaba licebo elihle ukusebenzisa amanzi asebhotileni kuphela xa uhamba.

Ukuba usebenza kwishishini elisebenzisa i-arsenic, nxiba imaski yobuso ukuze unciphise ukuvezwa kwakho kwi-arsenic particles. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uhlamba kwaye utshintshe impahla ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya. Ngaphandle koko, i-arsenic eluswini lwakho, kwiinwele, nakwiimpahla ingadluliselwa kusapho lwakho ngaphandle kokuba uqonde.

Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela, iiglavu, kunye nemaski yothuli xa usebenza ngomthi oxutywe ne-arsenic. Oku kunokunciphisa ukuvezwa kothuli lomthi.

Ithini i-prognosis xa kukho ityhefu ye-arsenic?

Isiphumo setyhefu ye-arsenic sixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nesizathu sokuvezwa, uhlobo kunye nobungakanani be-arsenic, kunye nobude bexesha lokuvezwa. Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwi-arsenic kunokubangela izifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neengxaki. Ezi ziquka:

• Isifo sesibindi
• Isifo sentliziyo (`(Isifo sentliziyo)`)
• Isifo seswekile (`(Isifo seswekile)`)
• Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya
• Iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
• Ubuthi be-neurotoxicity (ubuthi be-neurotoxicity)

I-Arsenic yi- carcinogen eyaziwayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokubangela umhlaza. Iintlobo zomhlaza ezixhaphakileyo ezibangelwa yi-arsenic zezi:

• Umhlaza wesinyi
• Umhlaza wegazi (`(Umhlaza wegazi)`)
• Umhlaza wenkqubo yokugaya ukutya
• Umhlaza wesibindi
• Umhlaza wemiphunga (`(Umhlaza wemiphunga)`)
• I-lymphoma (i-lymphoma)
• Umhlaza wezintso
• Umhlaza weprostate (`(Umhlaza weprostate)`)
• Umhlaza wolusu

Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo, ityhefu ye-arsenic inokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana wakho ongekazalwa. Inokubangela iziphene zokuzalwa. Abantwana abafumana i-arsenic rhoqo nabo banokuba nokulibaziseka kokukhula.

Ukufa okubangelwa yityhefu ye-arsenic kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?

I-Arsenic yityhefu eyingozi kakhulu . Ukuba ityiwe kakhulu, ukufa kunokufika ngokukhawuleza. Ukufa kudla ngokuvela kwiintsuku enye ukuya kwezine emva kokuyitya idosi ebulalayo. Nokuba isetyenziswa ixesha elide kwidosi encinci kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Ngaba ityhefu yeempuku ine-arsenic?

Iirodenticides, okanye iityhefu zeempuku, zazisetyenziselwa ukuqulatha iintsimbi ezinzima ezifana ne-arsenic. Zazisetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpuku. Nangona kunjalo, ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20, uninzi lweetyhefu zeempuku zenziwe ngee-anticoagulants. Ezi zithintela igazi lempuku ukuba lingaqini. Nangona iityhefu ezintsha zeempuku zingenayo i-arsenic, ii-anticoagulants ezinazo zinobungozi obufanayo kwaye zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Okwangoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba nangona i-arsenic ikhona ngokwendalo kwindalo esingqongileyo, inokuba yingozi xa ivezwa kumanqanaba aphezulu. Ukuziveza ixesha elide kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo, kuquka nomhlaza.

Ukuba uhlala okanye usebenza kwindawo enamazinga aphezulu e-arsenic, thabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho. Lumka ngakumbi ngemithombo yamanzi okusela acocekileyo. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zetyhefu ye-arsenic, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Okukhona ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akho okuchacha aphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuhlala ukhathalela impilo yakho.

I- Arsenic, ityhefu, amanzi okusela, iziphumo zempilo, iimpawu, umhlaza, ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo