Ngaba umntwana wakho unesifo sorhudo rhoqo? Masifunde ngale Astrovirus.

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngentsholongwane eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha asiyihoyi kangako. Uyakhumbula xa uziva ugula ngequbuliso, uhlanza, uze uphelelwe ngamandla? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kule Astrovirus. Ivakala ngathi "yintlungu yesisu" okanye "yi-stomach flu," kodwa ayinanto yakwenza nomkhuhlane esiwazi ngokuba yi-`(Influenza)`.

Yintoni kanye kanye le Astrovirus?

Ngamafutshane, i-Astrovirus yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo enokubangela urhudo, okanye indle ekhululekileyo. Luhlobo lwe-gastroenteritis, olukukudumba kwesisu namathumbu. Uninzi lwexesha, ukugula akukubi kakhulu kwaye kuyaphola ngokukhawuleza. Kuqhelekile ngakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala, abantu abangaphezu kwama-65, kunye nabantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.

Khawuthelekelele, xa ujonga le ntsholongwane nge-microscope, ifana nenkwenkwezi. Igama lesiGrike elithi "astro" lithetha "inkwenkwezi," yiyo loo nto le ntsholongwane yafumana igama elithi "astrovirus." Ayilogama lihle? Kodwa into eyenzayo iyacaphukisa kancinci.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?

I-Astrovirus ixhaphake kakhulu . Izifundo zibonisa ukuba xa beneminyaka eli-9 ubudala, malunga ne-90% yabantwana sele benosulelo olunye lwe-astrovirus. Abantu abadala abanalo ithuba lokuyifumana. Oku kungenxa yokuba baye bachaphazeleka yiyo besebancinci kwaye baye baphuhliswa ngamandla omzimba (oko kukuthi, ukhuseleko kwisifo).

Zithini iimpawu ze-Astrovirus?

Uphawu oluphambili sisitulo esikhululekileyo (urhudo) . Oku akudli ngokuba nzima kakhulu. Ukongeza, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:

• Isicaphucaphu (ukuziva ngathi isisu sakho siyaxuxuzela)
• Ukuhlanza
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ifiva

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokosulelwa yile Astrovirus ngaphandle kokuba neempawu. Oko kuthetha ukuba abazi nokuba banayo le ntsholongwane.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni ize ibangele ukugula?

Sibiza oku ngokuthi "lixesha lokufukama." Oko kukuthi, ixesha elithathayo ukuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni wakho kwaye uqale ukugula. Kwimeko ye-Astrovirus, eli xesha limalunga neentsuku ezine ukuya kwezintlanu .

Isosulela njani le Astrovirus?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. I-Astrovirus idluliselwa ngendlela yelindle-ngomlomo . Ngamafutshane, yenzeka xa amasuntswana elindle agcwele iintsholongwane engena emilonyeni yethu, nokuba kungazi okanye ngengozi. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka ngazo oku:

• Kumanzi angcolileyo: Oku kuthetha ukusela amanzi anganyangwanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kukudada emachibini, emilanjeni, kumadama okudada kawonke-wonke nakwiipaki zamanzi.
• Kwizitya ezingcolileyo:Iziqhamo nemifuno engakhange ihlanjwe kakuhle (kwanezinto ezifana ne-gotu kola kunye ne-mukunuvenna esizithenga evenkileni kufuneka zihlanjwe kakuhle), ubisi olungafakwanga iintsholongwane, kunye nokutya okwenziwe ngazo.
• Ukusuka kwiindawo ezimdaka kunye nezinto: Oku kunokudluliselwa xa sichukumisa izinto kunye neendawo ezichukunyiswe ngumntu one-Astrovirus, okanye xa sinyamekela okanye sitshintsha i-diaper yomntu onesi sifo (ingakumbi umntwana omncinci).

Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntwana omncinci ubeka ithoyizi emlonyeni wakhe ize ibe nentsholongwane kuyo, aze omnye umntwana ayichukumise loo thoyizi aze afake isandla emlonyeni wakhe, kunokwenzeka kangakanani ukuba esi sifo sisasazeke?

Ngaba i-Astrovirus iyasulela?

Ewe, i-Astrovirus ngokuqinisekileyo iyosulela. Inokusasazeka ngokulula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu ogulayo usebenzisa indlu yangasese aze alungiselele ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakhe ngokufanelekileyo, inokudluliselwa nakwabo batya ukutya oko. Ukuba umntu ohlala endlwini yakho uneempawu zolu hlobo lwesifo sesisu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlamba izandla zakhe rhoqo, ukugcina indawo icocekile, kunye nokugcina umgama omncinci kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa oku?

Nangona nabani na angafumana i-Astrovirus, aba bantu balandelayo basengozini enkulu kancinci:

• Abantwana abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala.
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (umzekelo, abo bane-HIV, abo baneentlobo ezithile zomhlaza, okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa umzimba).

Ngenxa yezi zinto zinobungozi, ubhubhane lunokwenzeka kwiindawo ezifana neendawo zokugcina abantwana kunye neendawo zokuhlala ixesha elide, kuba ezi ndawo zihlala amaqela asengozini enkulu.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Abantu abadala nabantwana abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezisempilweni abanakukwazi ukufumana iingxaki ezivela kwi-Astrovirus. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka, le ntsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo (oko kukuthi, ingqondo yakho kunye nomqolo) kwaye ibangele iimeko ezifana ne-"Encephalitis" (ukudumba kwengqondo) kunye ne-"Meningitis" (ukudumba kwe-meninges). Ke ngoko, abantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka kufuneka balumke kakhulu.

Uyibona njani le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)

Oogqirha badla ngokungazenzi uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokukhangela i-Astrovirus. Bacinga ukuba yi-Astrovirus kuphela ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nokungabikho kwezinye izifo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima ngakumbi, okanye ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uvavanye isitulo.

Kolu vavanyo lwesitulo, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika ibhotile ecocekileyo aze akubonise indlela yokuqokelela isampuli yesitulo. Emva koko iya kuthunyelwa kwilabhoratri, apho baya kujonga khona ukuba ikhona na i-Astrovirus. Uvavanyo abanokuthi balusebenzise zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA): Olu vavanyo luvavanya ii-antigens zentsholongwane (iinxalenye zentsholongwane ngokwayo) esitulweni.
• Uvavanyo lwePolymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Olu vavanyo luvavanya ubukho bezinto zemfuza zentsholongwane kwindle.

Zombini ezi mvavanyo zinobuthathaka kakhulu, ngoko ke zinokubona nokuba zincinci kakhulu iintsholongwane ezikwisitulo.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Enyanisweni, akukho mayeza athile okubulala i-Astrovirus. Uninzi lwabantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezisempilweni bayaphola ngaphandle konyango.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusela amanzi amaninzi kunye nolwelo xa wena okanye umntwana wakho ninesifo sorhudo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, ugqirha wakho unokukunika izisombululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngomlomo, ukufakelwa amanzi ngemithambo yegazi, okanye amayeza okuthintela urhudo. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza afanele athathwe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

Ukuba unesifo esingaphantsi esinciphisa amajoni akho omzimba, ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ulawule eso sifo, nto leyo eya kwenza kube lula kuwe ukulwa nosulelo lwe-Astrovirus.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba une-Astrovirus? Iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

I-Astrovirus ayidingi nyango. Ungazinyamekela ekhaya ngokusela ulwelo oluninzi nokujonga iimpawu zakho. Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, ugqirha wakho unokukujonga ukuze abone ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye ukuba kukho iingxaki ezikhulayo.

Kubantu abaninzi, olu sulelo lwe-Astrovirus luyaphela kwiintsuku enye ukuya kwezine .

Ziziphi iindlela zokusinda koku?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku kukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo nangokucokisekileyo , ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Khumbula ukuba izicoci zezandla azisebenzi kakuhle kule Astrovirus. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi.

Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwesi sifo:

• Musa ukudada ukuba unesifo sorhudo. Linda ubuncinane iiveki ezimbini emva kokuba isifo sorhudo siphelile.
• Ukuba uhlamba emachibini, emilanjeni, okanye kumadama okudada kawonke-wonke, lumka ungangeni manzi emlonyeni wakho.
• Musa ukusela amanzi anganyangwanga okanye ubisi olungafakwanga iintsholongwane.
• Hlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo. Hlamba, xobula, okanye upheke phambi kokuba utye.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nokusela okanye ukupheka amanzi, sebenzisa amanzi asebhotileni.
• Fundisa abantwana abancinci ukubaluleka kokuhlamba izandla zabo besebancinci. Hlamba izandla zakho emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese nangaphambi kokutya.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo onokuzinyamekela ngazo xa unesifo sorhudo esibangelwa yi-Astrovirus:

• Sela ulwelo oluninzi. Amanzi, umhluzi, iziselo zemidlalo, okanye izisombululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngomlomo (ezifana nePedialyte) zezona zilungileyo. Zama ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kangangoko unako.
• Kuphephe ukusela okanye ukutya izinto ezibangela urhudo kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (utywala, i-caffeine, njl.njl.).
• Amayeza afumaneka ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha anje nge-`(Loperamide - Imodium)` kunye ne-`(Bismuth Subsalicylate - Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate)` anokunceda ekupheliseni urhudo. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise la mayeza. Ingakumbi i-`(Loperamide)` inokubangela iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo ukuba ithathwa ngamanani amakhulu. Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sesibindi, xelela ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uwasebenzise.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Musa ukunika abantwana abancinci okanye iintsana amayeza ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wabantwana kuqala. Amanye amayeza akhuselekileyo kubantu abadala asenokungafaneleki kubantwana abancinci.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala iintsuku ezingaphezu kweentsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba unesisu esimanzi (urhudo) izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Ukuba unesistim somzimba esibuthathaka, bona ugqirha kwangoko nje ukuba ubonakalise iimpawu zosulelo.

Kunini apho kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngokungxamisekileyo (ETU) ?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane (ER) ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba awukwazi ukugcina ukutya okanye isiselo siphantsi.
• Ukuba uphuma isisu ngamanzi ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezilishumi ngemini.
• Ukuba uneempawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu, oku kuthetha ukuba:
• Ukudideka
• Ubuthathaka, ukuba buthathaka, ukudinwa
• Uziva unesizungu xa umi
• Awuchami okanye awuchami kangako
• Umchamo omnyama

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa ubona ugqirha, kuyanceda ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Ndingazilawula njani iimpawu zam ekhaya?
• Ngawaphi amayeza endingawaselayo xa ndinengxaki yesifo?
• Ndifanele nditye ntoni kwaye ndisele ntoni? Ndifanele ndingayityi okanye ndingayiseli ntoni?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokuhlala unamanzi emzimbeni?
• Ndingenza ntoni xa iimpawu zam zisiba mandundu okanye zitshintsha?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndikubizele zona okanye ndiye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba ndizifumana?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-Astrovirus yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo ebangela urhudo ebantwaneni abancinci. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, ayisiyongxaki kwaye iya kuphela yodwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ude uphile kukusela amanzi amaninzi nokutya ukutya okuncinci.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, zihlala iintsuku ezininzi, okanye ukuba unesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esibuthathaka, bona ugqirha ngaphandle kokuthandabuza. Ngale ndlela, unokufumana uncedo olufunayo.

I- Astrovirus, urhudo, isisu esibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, izifo zabantwana, usulelo lwentsholongwane, iingcebiso zempilo