Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika, wothukile, kwaye ungaqinisekanga xa ufunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza. Mhlawumbi usengqondweni yakho kusithiwa "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ngoku?" kunye nokuthi "Luhlobo luni lonyango endiza kulufuna?" Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba nohlobo olufanayo lomhlaza, njengomhlaza webele, lunokwahluka kumntu nomntu? Njengeminwe yethu, umhlaza ngamnye 'unesiginitsha yemfuza' eyahlukileyo. Ngokufunda eso siginitsha, isayensi yezonyango ngoku ikwazile ukukhetha unyango olungcono nolusebenzayo lomhlaza wakho. Namhlanje, sithetha ngaloo ndlela intsha, ekuluvavanyo lwe-genomic.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni uvavanyo lwe-genomic?
Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi ligama elintsonkothileyo, kodwa ingcamango ilula kakhulu. Cinga ngako, imizimba yethu yenziwe zizigidi zeeseli. Iseli nganye inikwa imiyalelo yi-genes. Iiseli zomhlaza luhlobo lweseli oluphazamise le nkqubo yemiyalelo kwaye lwahluleke ngokungalawulekiyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-genomic lujonga nzulu ii-genes ezikwiiseli zakho zomhlaza. Lunokuchonga utshintsho oluthile, okanye utshintsho oluthile, kwezo jini. Ngamafutshane, lutyhila ikhowudi eyimfihlo enceda umhlaza ukuba ukhule kwaye usasazeke.
Kodwa olu ayilovavanyo olufunwa yiwo wonke umntu onesifo somhlaza. Umzekelo, umhlaza okhula kancinci kwaye onokunyangwa ngokulula ngonyango oluqhelekileyo usenokungaludingi uvavanyo olunzulu kangaka. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi zisetyenziselwa umhlaza ongaqhelekanga, okanye umhlaza ongaphenduliyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukwenza esi sigqibo.
Ziziphi iingenelo eziphambili zezi mvavanyo?
Kutheni ugqirha angacebisa olu vavanyo? Zininzi izizathu zoku. Olu vavanyo lunokuba sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu ekumiseleni isicwangciso sonyango lomhlaza.
| Ukuba luncedo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukukhetha unyango olukufaneleyo (Unyango olujolise kulo) | Ngaphambili, umhlaza wawunyangwa ngendlela 'efanayo'. Oko kuthetha ukuba amayeza afanayo kubo bonke abanomhlaza wemiphunga. Oko akusekho njalo. Uvavanyo lwe-genetic lufumana 'uguquko' lomhlaza kwaye lunika amayeza ahlasela kuphela olo tshintsho (Targeted Therapy). Umzekelo, abanye abaguli abanomhlaza wemiphunga banoguquko lwe-gene olubizwa ngokuba yi-(EGFR). Banikwa amayeza ajolise kuloo gene. Kukwakho namayeza athile, anjenge-(PARP inhibitors), yomhlaza webele, we-ovarian, kunye nomhlaza we-prostate one-(BRCA) gene mutation. |
| Ukuqonda amandla okunyamezela unyango | Ngamanye amaxesha iiseli zomhlaza zinobuqili kakhulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ziyamelana namayeza eziwanikwayo. Uvavanyo lwemfuza lunokuqikelela kwangaphambili ukuba umhlaza wakho unokuba umelana nonyango oluthile. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuqalisa unyango olwahlukileyo nolusebenza ngakumbi kwasekuqaleni. |
| Ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba unyango olongezelelweyo luyadingeka na | Khawuthelekelele ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lokususa ithumba elinomhlaza. Ngaba kukho umngcipheko wokuba umhlaza ungabuya? Uvavanyo lwemfuza lunokulinganisa ukuba umhlaza unamandla kangakanani kwaye luqikelele ukuba ungakanani umngcipheko okhoyo. Ukuba umngcipheko uphezulu, unyango olongezelelweyo (umz. i-chemotherapy) lunokufuneka ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi. |
| Ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga | Unyango lwesintu olufana ne-chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation alunakubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuphela kodwa neeseli eziphilileyo. Yiyo loo nto kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokulahlekelwa ziinwele kunye nokuhlanza. Kodwa unyango olujoliswe kulo, olufunyanwa ngovavanyo lwe-genetic, lufana ne-missile ebetha ngqo kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Luya ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza luze luhlasele zona kuphela. Ke ngoko, umonakalo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwiiseli eziphilileyo zincinci kakhulu. |
| Ukufumana unyango olutsha (Uvavanyo lweKlinikhi) | Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho amayeza ovavanyo anokusebenza ngcono kunonyango oluvunyiweyo ngoku. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'Clinical Trials'. Ukuba kukho uphando olutsha kwihlabathi liphela oluhambelana notshintsho lwemfuza kumhlaza wakho, olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ukunxulumanisa nalo. |
Ndingagqiba njani ukuba ndifuna ukwenza olu vavanyo?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Khumbula, esi ayisosigqibo omele usenze wedwa. Esi sisigqibo ekufanele usenze kunye nogqirha wakho we-oncologist .
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba acebise olu vavanyo:
- Uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho.
- Ziziphi iindlela zonyango owakha wazifumana ngaphambili nendlela owasabela ngayo kuzo.
- Impilo yakho iyonke.
- Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kolu vavanyo, ukuba ngaba kukho naluphi na unyango olujoliswe kuwe olunokunikwa.
Musa ukoyika ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto nogqirha wakho. Buza imibuzo efana nale, "Gqirha, ngaba olu vavanyo lwemfuza lufanelekile kumhlaza wam?", "Zithini iingenelo zolu vavanyo kum?", "Ngaba isicwangciso sam sonyango siya kutshintsha ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo?" Luxanduva lukagqirha wakho ukuchaza yonke into ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Le teknoloji izise ithemba elikhulu kwicandelo lokunyanga umhlaza. Ngoku sinako ukuphelisa ixesha lonyango olufana nolwabantu bonke kwaye sinike isigulana ngasinye unyango olulungiselelwe ngokwemfuza yomhlaza waso. Yinto enkulu leyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza awusosifo sinye. Umhlaza ngamnye uneempawu zawo zemfuza ezahlukileyo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-genomic lusetyenziselwa ukubona utshintsho oluthile lwe-genetic (utshintsho) kwiiseli zomhlaza.
- Ngokusebenzisa olu lwazi, unyango olujoliswe kulo lunokukhethwa olusebenza ngakumbi kwaye oluneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
- Olu vavanyo alufuneki kubo bonke abaguli, kwaye isigqibo esifanelekileyo senziwa ngokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
- Ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho we-oncologist ngale teknoloji intsha. Ukwaziswa linyathelo elibalulekileyo kuhambo lwakho lokuphiliswa.
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