Ngaba nawe wopha lula? Ngaba uyagruzuka lula? Masifunde ngeBleeding Diathesis!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi wopha kakhulu kunokuba ucinga, nokuba unesilonda esincinci? Okanye ujika ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye ukrwelwe? Okanye ngaba iintsini zakho zihlala zopha xa uhlamba amazinyo akho? Ukuba uhlangabezana nezi zinto, usenokuba nomnqweno wokopha ngaphezu kwesiqhelo . Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko (Bleeding Diathesis). Ungakhathazeki, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Yintoni le (Bleeding Diathesis), Gqirha?

Ngamafutshane, i-Bleeding Diathesis yimeko apho umzimba wakho wopha khona ngokulula nangaphezu kwesiqhelo. Igama elithi "diathesis" livela kulwimi lwesiGrike, elithetha ukuthambekela kwimeko ethile.

Oku kuphuma kwegazi kungaba kukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi (ngaphakathi) okanye ngaphandle (ngaphandle). Ukopha kwegazi ngaphakathi kukopha okungabonakaliyo kuthi. Ukopha kwegazi ngaphandle kukopha okuvela kwingozi. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokukrweleka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Kusenokuba yingxaki yegazi okanye imeko yemfuza. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba oogqirha banokulawula oku kuphuma kwegazi baze banyange imeko ebangela oko.

Ndingayazi njani ukuba oku kuyenzeka kum? Zithini iimpawu?

Ukuba unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiBleeding Diathesis, usenokuba nemivumbo okanye uphume igazi lula. Jonga ukuba unayo na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Iintsini eziphuma igazi: Ngaba igazi liphuma kwibhrashi yamazinyo okanye kwifloss xa uxukuxa okanye uxukuxa phakathi kwamazinyo? Ngaba oku kwenzeka rhoqo?
• Ukopha kakhulu: Ngaba wopha kakhulu kunokuba ubukulindele, nokuba wenzekele kancinci? Okanye kunzima ukuyeka ukopha? Ngaba wopha kakhulu kunesiqhelo, njengasemva kokubeleka okanye emva kotyando?
• I-Menorrhagia: Ngaba ukuya kwakho exesheni kuthatha iintsuku ezininzi? Ngaba kunzima kunesiqhelo? Ngaba kukho amahlwili egazi amakhulu?
• Ukopha igazi emalungeni (Hemarthrosis): Khawuthelekelele, ilungu elifana nedolo okanye ingqiniba yakho livuvukala ngequbuliso, libe buhlungu, kwaye livakale lishushu xa ulichukumisa? Oku kubangelwa ligazi elingena emalungeni.
• Indle emnyama (Melena): Ingaba indle yakho imnyama mnyama, njengetha? Oku kungaba luphawu lokopha kwinxalenye ephezulu yenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya, njenge-esophagus okanye isisu.
• Amabala amancinci abomvu kumphezulu wesikhumba `(Petechiae)`: Ngaba unamabala amancinci abomvu eluswini lwakho, okanye ngaphantsi kwesikhumba, abonakala ngathi ahlatywe yiphini encinci?
• Amabala egazi phantsi kolusu `(Purpura): Ngaba kukho amabala abomvu, amfusa, okanye amdaka phantsi kolusu abonakala njengegazi eliphuma kwimithambo yegazi emincinci? La makhulu kancinci kune-`Petechiae`.
• Ukopha empumlweni ngaphandle kwesizathu (Epistaxis):Ngaba impumlo yakho iyopha igazi nangona umile nje? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha yopha igazi elininzi kangangokuba kunzima ukuyeka?

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu rhoqo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Kutheni sithandwa kakhulu kukopha ngolu hlobo? Zithini izizathu?

Ixesha elininzi, i-diathesis yokopha ibangelwa yimeko yezonyango engaphantsi. Oogqirha bahlula ezi zizathu zibe ziindidi ezininzi eziphambili. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.

Iingxaki Zokopha

Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi lakho alijiki ngokwesiqhelo, ngoko ke wopha kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Imizekelo yoku yile:

• Iimeko zokungabikho kwe-Fibrinogen: I-Fibrinogen yiproteni enceda ukujiya kwegazi. Oogqirha bakwayibiza ngokuba yi-clotting factor okanye i-coagulation factor. Ukuba awunayo i-fibrinogen eyaneleyo emzimbeni wakho, okanye ukuba i-fibrinogen onayo ayisebenzi kakuhle, ungopha ngokulula okanye ungakwazi ukuyeka ukopha.
• I-Hemophilia: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga, esibangelwa yimfuza esibangela ukuba igazi lingajiyi kakuhle.
• Isifo sesibindi: Njengoko isifo sesibindi siqhubeka, ukopha kakhulu kunye nokukrweleka kunokubakho. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye zezinto ezifunekayo ukuze igazi lijiye ziveliswa sisibindi.
• Isifo sikaVon Willebrand: Esi sisifo esithintela ukujiya kwegazi, esifana ne-hemophilia, kodwa sixhaphake kakhulu.

Ezinye iingxaki zokuqunjelwa kwegazi

Kukho iingxaki zokunqanda igazi ezibangela ukuba umzimba wenze amahlwili egazi ngokungeyomfuneko. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko zinokubangela ukopha okungalawulekiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba izinto ezibangela ukunqanda igazi ezifunekayo ukuze igazi linqande zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Imizekelo:

• I-Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC): Le yimeko enzulu kakhulu. Ivela njengengxaki yezinye iimeko zempilo ezinzulu. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokuba yingozi ebomini.
• I-Thrombocythemia: Kule meko, iiplatelets zakho zegazi azisebenzi ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nto leyo enokubangela ukopha kakhulu ngamanye amaxesha.

Iingxaki zePlatelet

Iiplatelets ziiseli ezinceda ekumiseni ukopha xa unenxeba. Iingxaki zinokubakho nakwezi platelets.

• I-Thrombocytopenia: Oku kukuncipha kwenani leeplatelet zegazi. Oku kunokubangela ukukrweleka okulula kwaye kwenze kube nzima ukuyeka ukopha.
• I-Thrombocytosis:Oku kubangelwa kukwanda kwenani leeplatelet egazini. Oku kunokubangela ukujiya kwegazi okungaqhelekanga kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukopha.

Iingxaki Zokopha Kwemithambo Yegazi

Ngamanye amaxesha imbangela yokopha ayisiyongxaki yegazi ngokwalo, kodwa bubuthathaka kwimithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) apho igazi lihamba khona.

• I-Cryoglobulinemia: Le yimeko ekwiqela lezifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-vasculitis, ebangela ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi. Ingabangela i-purpura (amabala egazi phantsi kolusu).
• I-Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Esi sisifo esidluliselwa kwilifa. Sibandakanya iziphene kwindlela eyakheka ngayo imithambo yegazi.
• I-Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: Kule meko, imithambo yegazi ibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye inokuqhekeka lula. Oku kunokubangela ukopha okuyingozi emzimbeni, njengestroke.

Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani le nto kanye kanye?

Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Unexesha elingakanani unazo kwaye zinzima kangakanani. Emva koko baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Baza kubuza nokuba unayo nayiphi na eminye imiba yezonyango kwaye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba neengxaki zokopha ezinje. Ukongeza, banokwenza ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana nezi:

• Ubalo lweGazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Oku kulinganisa inani leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli (iiseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets) egazini.
• I-Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS): Oku kuquka ukujonga isampuli yegazi phantsi kwe-microscope ukujonga imo kunye nobukhulu beeseli.
• Uvavanyo lweProthrombin Time (PT): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ixesha elithathayo ukuze igazi lijiye.
• Uvavanyo lwexesha le-Principal Thromboplastin (PTT): Olu lolunye uvavanyo olulinganisa amandla egazi okujiya.

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo lokuqala, ukuba ugqirha urhanela imeko ethile, unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ngakumbi. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho imeko efana ne-hemophilia erhanelwayo, unokuyalela iimvavanyo zezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi ezifana ne-fibrinogen. Ungathunyelwa kwi-hematologist.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokopha kwakho nge-diathesis. Kodwa okokuqala, oogqirha baya kuzama ukulawula ukopha. Banokukunika igazi okanye i-plasma infusion ukuze kuthathelwe indawo igazi olilahlekileyo. Kulapho ke baya kunyanga imeko engundoqo.

Ukuba ndinayo le meko, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ngenxa yokuba zininzi iimeko ezinokubangela ukopha kwe-diathesis, kunzima ukutsho kanye into omawuyilindele. Ezinye iimeko azipheli. Oku kuthetha ukuba azinakuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kukho unyango olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu (ezifana nokopha). Ingqikelelo yakho iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ukuxilongwa, kunye nonyango. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kuba ngumntu ongcono ukuthetha naye ngale nto.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

I-Bleeding Diathesis idla ngokubangelwa yimeko yezonyango engabonakaliyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba unayo, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze ugcine impilo yakho iyonke:

• Landela isicwangciso sakho sonyango ngokuchanekileyo: Sela onke amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha.
• Yiya kuhlolo lwezonyango olucwangcisiweyo: Ugqirha wakho uza kucwangcisa amadinga akho. Yiya kumbona yonke imihla. Ngale ndlela, unokujonga impilo yakho, uhlobo lwesifo sakho, kunye nokuba unyango lwakho luyasebenza na.
• Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho: Musa ukulinda de kube lixesha lakho elilandelayo lokubonana nogqirha, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha, ezifana nokukrweleka okutsha okanye ukopha. Oku kungaba luphawu lokuba imeko yakho iya isiba mandundu.
• Cinga ngezinye iindlela zokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo: Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba ulandele ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo, uyeke ukutshaya, kwaye ulawule uxinzelelo. Ezi zinto zinokukunceda ukukhusela impilo yakho iyonke.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo : Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zokuzilolonga ezifanelekileyo kuwe kunye nezo ungafanele uzenze. Eminye imisebenzi isenokungafaneleki kuwe.

Kunini apho kufuneka ndiye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko?

Ukuba une-diathesis ephuma igazi, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ukopha okungalawulekiyo, nokuba kungenxa yokusikwa okuncinci, ukopha impumlo, okanye naluphi na olunye ukopha ongenakukwazi ukukulawula. Yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Xa ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngengxaki yokopha, kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Ingaba ugqirha uyazi ukuba kutheni ndisopha ngolu hlobo?
• Ziziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizenze ukuze ndifumanise unobangela woku?
• Ngaba kukho iingcali endifanele ndiqhagamshelane nazo ngenxa yeempawu zam?

I-diathesis yokopha ligama lezonyango elithetha ukopha ngokulula nangokugqithisileyo. Wonke umntu ufumana imivumbo kunye namanxeba amancinci ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba wopha kakhulu, ukuba unemivumbo emininzi, okanye ukuba wopha ngesitulo sakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho. Angathatha amanyathelo okuyeka ukopha aze afumane unobangela aze anyange.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono imeko esithethe ngayo namhlanje (Bleeding Diathesis). Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba ukuba uhlala unengxaki yokopha okanye ukukrweleka okungachazekiyo, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto.

• Kuqhelekile ukuba ngamanye amaxesha wophe kancinci xa ukrwela amazinyo, okanye kancinci xa uhlamba amazinyo. Kodwa ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo, ukuba ukopha kugqithisile, okanye ukuba ukopha kunzima ukukuyeka, yinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele.
• Ngokubona ugqirha nokuthetha ngale nto, ungafumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela oku kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, ukopha kakhulu luphawu lwengxaki ethile yempilo engabonakaliyo. Ngoko ke, ukujongana nale ngxaki kwangethuba kunokunceda ukuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Nyamekela impilo yakho. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ukopha , Ukugruzuka, Ukopha I-Diathesis, I-Hematoma, Izifo Zegazi, Iimpawu, Unyango