Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuphefumla? Ngaba kukho umzimba wasemzini okwimiphunga yakho? Masithethe ngeBullous Emphysema!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva uphelelwa ngumoya, uxinene esifubeni sakho? Okanye ukhwehlela kakhulu kusasa, okanye uziva udiniwe? Ezi zisenokungabi ziimpawu zomkhuhlane nje kuphela. Zisenokuba ziimpawu zesifo semiphunga esibizwa ngokuba yiBullous Emphysema , ekufuneka ukhathazeke ngaso. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, njengokuba uthetha nomhlobo, kulungile?

Yintoni iBullous Emphysema?

Ngamafutshane, iBullous Emphysema luhlobo lwesifo semiphunga esibizwa ngokuba yi-emphysema . I-Emphysema yenzeka xa iindonga zeengxowa zomoya ezincinci ngaphakathi kwemiphunga yakho, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli , zonakele. Khumbula, ezi alveoli zezona zenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokungenisa ioksijini nokukhupha i-carbon dioxide xa siphefumla.

Ngoku, kwi-bullous emphysema, okwenzekayo kukuba iindonga zezo alveoli zonakala, zize zivuvuke zenze ii-air sacs ezinkulu, njengeebhaluni. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba zii-bullae . Ezi bullae zinokuba nkulu kunesentimitha.

Xa le cyst isenzeka, iphazamisana nokukwazi kwemiphunga ukusebenza kakuhle. Kuba nzima kwi-alveoli ukutshintshiselana ngeoksijini kunye ne-carbon dioxide. Le meko ingenzeka kwimiphunga enye okanye yomibini. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba le cyst iyenzeka kwimiphunga enye, inokuphazamisana nokukwazi komnye umphunga ukufutha, oko kuthetha ukuphefumla. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba le cyst iba nkulu kakhulu, imiphunga inokuwa, okubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiVanishing Lung Syndrome . Nangona oku kunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade kwimiphunga, unyango olufanelekileyo lunokulawula le meko kwaye lwandise ixesha lakho lokuphila.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana le meko?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokuba nesifo se-bullous emphysema, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, uhlanga, okanye isini. Nangona kunjalo, sidla ngokunxulunyaniswa nesifo esingapheliyo semiphunga (COPD) , isifo semiphunga esibangelwa kukutshaya. Kwakhona, ukuba uneemeko ezithile zemfuza, umngcipheko wakho uphezulu. Umzekelo:

• Ukungabikho kwe-Alpha-1 antitrypsin
• Isifo sika-Ehlers-Danlos
• Isifo sikaMarfan

Ukongeza, abantu abosulelwe yi -Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) nabo basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-bullous emphysema.

Kuxhaphake kangakanani oku? Kutheni oku kusenzeka?

Ehlabathini lonke, ngaphezulu kwe-5% yabemi kunye nangaphezulu kwe-12% yabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 kubikwa ukuba bane-bullous emphysema. Ikwangunobangela wesithathu ophambili wokufa kumazwe afana ne-United States. Ngoko ke, oku akuyonto ifanele ithathwe lula.

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka.

Eyona nto ibangela i-bullous emphysema kukutshaya . Ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo okubangelwa ngumsi wecuba konakalisa udonga lwe-alveoli yakho. Oku kubangela ukuba iingxowa zomoya zande, zithintele ukuhamba kweoksijini kunye ne-carbon dioxide.

Ngaphandle kokutshaya, kukho nezinye izizathu:

• Ukutshaya i-crack cocaine okanye intsangu.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngemithambo yegazi.
• Ezi meko zemfuza zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla zinokubangela ukuba iindonga ze-alveolar zibe buthathaka kwaye zonakale, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-bullous emphysema.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Uphawu oluphambili noluqhelekileyo lwe-bullous emphysema kukuphefumla kancinci . Oku kuthetha ukuba uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, kungekuphela nje xa udiniwe kancinci, xa unyuka izinyuko, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha naxa umile nje.

Kukho nezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukuziva intlungu esifubeni okanye ukuxinana.
• Ukuba nokukhohlela (oku kudla ngokuba kubi kakhulu kusasa).
• Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha (Ukudinwa).
• Ukutya akunancasa.
• Isicaphucaphu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba ne-bullous emphysema kodwa bangabonakalisi zimpawu. Ukuba i-bullae iba nkulu kakhulu, sizibiza ngokuba yi -giant bullae , ngoko ke iimpawu zinokuba nkulu ngakumbi.

Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kukhangela iimpawu ezifana nezi xa ekuxilonga:

• Isifuba esimile okwebhereli.
• Iminwe eneeklabhu.
• Ukuva ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ngokuvakalayo ngenxa ye-pulmonary hypertension.
• Ukudumba (i-Edema).
• Ukuphefumla.

Uyibona njani le nto kanye kanye?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho, imbali yakho yempilo, kunye nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe waba neemeko ezifanayo. Emva koko baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba.

Ukuba kukho i-bullous emphysema erhanelwayo, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lomsebenzi wamaphaphu (PFT) . Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba imiphunga yakho ihambisa umoya kakuhle kangakanani na kwaye ingaba ii-bullae ziyawuthintela na umoya.

Njengenxalenye yezi mvavanyo, i-spirometryUngavavanywa. Oku kuquka ukuphefumla ngetyhubhu ungene kumatshini (spirometer). Oku kulinganisa ukuba umoya ongakanani ongena nophumayo emiphungeni yakho xa uphefumla uphuma ungena.

Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lokujonga imifanekiso ukujonga ukuba kukho i-alveoli ekhulisiweyo okanye eyonakeleyo. Oku kungabandakanya:

• I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho ii-bullae na kwaye ziphi na ezikwimiphunga.
• I-CT scan: Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni indawo echanekileyo, inani, kunye nobukhulu be-cyst.

Ezinye iimvavanyo zingacetyiswa, umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba akukho carbon dioxide eqokelelene emiphungeni, nto leyo eyenza igazi libe neasidi (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -respiratory acidosis ), okanye amanqanaba e-oxygen aphantsi.
• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Ujonga amanqanaba e-hemoglobin aphantsi.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ukujonga naziphi na iziphumo zentliziyo ezibangelwa sisifo semiphunga, ezifana ne -right ventricular hypertrophy okanye i-right atrial enlargement .

Ugqirha wakho angakujonga ukuba unayo na i-Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency ngokuvavanya igazi.

Ngaba ikho indlela epheleleyo yokunyanga oku?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lwe-bullous emphysema. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa sele ikhulile, ayinakuguqulwa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Kukho unyango olunokukunceda uphile neempawu kwaye uthintele isifo ukuba singabi mandundu.

Ngoko ke zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ukuze akuncede ukulawula iimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi -bronchodilators . La mayeza adla ngokuphefumlelwa nge- inhaler . Ii-bronchodilators zisebenza ngokukhulula izihlunu kwindlela yakho yomoya, zenze kube lula ukuba umoya ungene emiphungeni yakho, kwaye zinciphise ukuphefumla okufutshane.

Khawucinge nje, la mayeza asebenza njengokwandisa indlela exineneyo kancinci, okwenza kube lula ukuba izithuthi zidlule kuyo.

Ukuba uneempawu eziqatha okanye usulelo lwemiphunga, unganikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye ii-corticosteroids okwethutyana elifutshane.

Ukuba amanqanaba akho eoksijini aphantsi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olongezelelweyo lweoksijini , olubandakanya ukunika umzimba wakho ioksijini eyongezelelweyo ngetyhubhu efakwe ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho okanye imaski ebekwe ebusweni bakho.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi xa usitsho loo ntoUkuba kukho ii-bullae ezinkulu, ukuba ubunzima bokuphefumla bunzima kakhulu, okanye ukuba kukho ezinye iingxaki ezibangelwa sesi sifo, umzekelo:

• Umphunga oqutyulweyo (i-Pneumothorax)
• Ukukhwehlela igazi (iHemoptysis)
• Usulelo lwemiphunga

Ukuba izinto ezinje ziyenzeka, ungadinga utyando.

Iintlobo zotyando lwe-bullous emphysema:

• Utyando lweBullectomy: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha otyandayo ususa i-bulla (ingxowa yomoya) emiphungeni yakho. Oku kungenziwa njengotyando oluvulekileyo (iThoracotomy) okanye njengotyando olungena kakhulu (utyando lwesifuba oluncediswa yividiyo - iVATS).
• Ukunciphisa umthamo wemiphunga ngeBronchoscopic (BLVR): Kule nkqubo ingena kakhulu, ugqirha ufaka ivalvu emphungeni wakho aze ngabom anciphise inxalenye yomphunga.
• Utyando lokunciphisa umthamo wemiphunga (LVRS): Kule meko, ugqirha otyandayo ususa izicubu zemiphunga ezonakeleyo ukuze izicubu eziseleyo zisebenze ngcono.

Ukuba akukho nanye kwezi ndlela zonyango isebenzayo, kwaye ukuba kufanelekile, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela ukuba utyandwe ukufakelwa imiphunga .

Ingancitshiswa njani le ngozi?

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-bullous emphysema kukungatshayi, okanye ukuba uyatshaya, uyeke. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya. Siyazi ukuba akulula, kodwa kufanelekile kwimpilo yemiphunga yakho.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa uphila nale meko?

I-bullous emphysema yimeko yempilo ehlala ixesha elide. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa imiphunga yakho yonakele, ayisayi kuze iphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, xa uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uyeke imeko ukuba ibe mandundu. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ungazilawula iimpawu zakho kwaye uphile kakuhle. Ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Kubalulekile nokuba uhlale usempilweni kwaye uphephe iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neentlobo zezitofu onokuzifuna, ezifana nesitofu somkhuhlane, isitofu se-COVID, kunye nesitofu se-Pneumococcus .

Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?

Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ze-bullous emphysema, okanye ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Ukuba unezi mpawu zilandelayo, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza:

• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ongwevu kwimilebe okanye ezinziphweni zakho (i-cyanosis).
• Ubunzima bokuhlala uphaphile engqondweni.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla buyanda.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia).

Ukungaphefumli kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo. Ukuba une-bullous emphysema, ungaziva ngathi uhlala unengxaki yokuphefumla. Khumbula, ukutshaya yeyona nto iphambili. Kwakhona, ezinye iimeko zemfuza zinokwandisa umngcipheko wakho. Ukuyeka ukutshaya yeyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukuze uthintele i-bullous emphysema ukuba ibe mandundu. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olunokukunceda uphefumle lula kwaye wenze ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla bulawuleke ngakumbi.

Khumbula eyona nto ibalulekileyo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esithethe ngazo namhlanje ukukunceda ukhumbule:

• I-bullous emphysema yimeko apho iingxowa zomoya ezikwimiphunga zonakele khona kwaye iingxowa zomoya ezinkulu (ii-bullae) zenzeka.
• Ukutshaya yeyona nto ibangela oku, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha ukutshaya.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhohlela okungapheliyo, okanye iintlungu zesifuba, qiniseka ukuba ucela iingcebiso zonyango.
• Nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo loku, kukho unyango olusebenzayo lokulawula iimpawu nokuthintela isifo ukuba singabi mandundu.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu, musani ukoyika niye kubona ugqirha ukuze nifumane icebiso. Hlala uphilile!

I- Bullous emphysema, isifo semiphunga, uxinzelelo lokuphefumla, ukutshaya, i-COPD, i-bullae, i-alveoli