Khawuthelekelele umzimba wakho njengesixeko esikhulu nesixakekileyo. Emva koko, yonke indlu, yonke ivenkile, yonke ifektri kweso sixeko kufuneka ibe nenkqubo elungileyo yeendlela zokuthwala iimpahla ezizifunayo, nokususa inkunkuma eqokelelene apho, akunjalo? Yiyo leyo imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu. Le yindlela ephezulu ethwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu, kwaye ikwathwala nenkunkuma engafunekiyo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale mithambo yegazi imangalisayo.
Zithini kanye kanye imithambo yegazi?
Ngamafutshane, imithambo yegazi yinethiwekhi yeetyhubhu ezincinci (iitshaneli) ezithwala igazi emzimbeni wakho. Kufana nomjikelezo ovaliweyo, oqala entliziyweni yakho, uhamba emzimbeni wakho, uze uphele entliziyweni yakho kwakhona. Intliziyo yakho kunye nale nkqubo yemithambo yegazi kunye zenza inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi .
Ungacinga ukuba ukuba yonke imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho ibinokwandiswa ilandelelana, ibiya kuba malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-60,000 ubude, okanye ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-96,500 ? Oko kuthetha ukuba unenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho ende ngokwaneleyo ukuba ijikeleze ihlabathi ngaphezulu kwezihlandlo ezibini! Ayimangalisi loo nto?
Iintlobo eziphambili zemithambo yegazi kunye nemisebenzi yazo
Sinabadlali abathathu abaphambili kule nkqubo yemithambo yegazi. Abo yimithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kunye nee-capillaries. Kodwa kukwakho nabanye abancedisi abancinci kweli qela. Masiziqonde zonke ngokucacileyo kule theyibhile.
| Uhlobo lwemithambo yegazi | Yintoni eyona nto iphambili oyenzayo? |
|---|---|
| Imithambo yegazi | Ezi ziityhubhu eziphambili ezithwala igazi elineoksijini ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emzimbeni wonke. Ezi zimithambo yegazi enamandla kakhulu, enezihlunu. Oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo olukhulu oluza nokubetha kwentliziyo. |
| IiArterioles | Ezi zifana namasebe amancinci aphuma kwimithambo emikhulu. Zinokuba nkulu ngakumbi nangakumbi (zivuleke kwaye zinciphe). Le yindlela ezinceda ngayo ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi emzimbeni wethu. |
| IiCapillaries | Le yeyona mithambo yegazi incinci neyona mincinci emzimbeni wethu. Incinci njengentambo yeenwele. Le yimibhobho emincinci edibanisa imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi. Ngenxa yokuba iindonga zayo zincinci kakhulu, zinokuhambisa ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezivela egazini ukuya kwiiseli, kwaye zisuse i-carbon dioxide kunye nemveliso engcolileyo evela kwiiseli zibuyele egazini. |
| IiVenule | Ezi ziindlela ezincinci ezithwala igazi eliqokelele inkunkuma evela kwii-capillaries ukuya kwimithambo emikhulu. |
| Imithambo yegazi | Ezi zimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elingenaoksijini, eligcwele inkunkuma lisuka emzimbeni wonke libuyela entliziyweni. Intliziyo emva koko ithumela eli gazi emiphungeni ukuze liphinde lifakwe ioksijini. |
Ziphi ezi mithambo yegazi emzimbeni?
Imithambo yegazi yinto esasazeka kuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni wethu. Ifikelele kuwo onke amalungu omzimba kunye nazo zonke izicwili, ukusuka entloko ukuya kwincam yeenyawo zethu.
Kodwa kufuneka sazi ngemithambo yegazi emibini ebaluleke kakhulu ngokukodwa.
1. I-Aorta: Le yeyona mithambo mikhulu neyona ibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Igazi elineoksijini eninzi elivela entliziyweni liqala lingene kule aorta. Lifana nomgaqo omkhulu. Lihamba ngesifuba nesisu, lize lahlulwe libe zimbini kufutshane ne-pelvis ukuze linike igazi emilenzeni.
2. I-Vena Cava: Lo ngumthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Unamacandelo amabini. I-Vena Cava Ephakamileyo ithwala igazi ukusuka entloko, entanyeni, ezingalweni, nasesifubeni esingaphezulu ukuya entliziyweni. I-Inferior Vena Cava ithwala igazi ukusuka emilenzeni, ezinyaweni, esiswini, nasesinqeni ukuya entliziyweni.
Xa usiya kunikela ngegazi, okanye uvavanywa igazi, kukho umthambo obonakala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphakathi kwengalo yakho, loo mthambo. Nangona igazi libomvu ngokwenene, libonakala liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphela xa libonakala phantsi kolusu.
Yenziwa njani imithambo yegazi?
Umthambo wegazi udla ngokuba neeleya ezintathu eziphambili. Cinga ngawo njengombhobho wamanzi, unokuba neeleya ezininzi, akunjalo?
- Umaleko ongaphakathi (iTunica Intima):Olu lolona ngqimba lungaphakathi lwezicubu igazi elihamba kuzo. Lunceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi, luthintele ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kwaye luyekise iityhefu ukuba zingangeni egazini. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba lihambe kakuhle.
- Umaleko ophakathi (Media): Oku kuqulathe imicu ethambileyo. Oku kuvumela imithambo yegazi ukuba yande kwaye inciphe njengoko igazi lihamba kuyo. Olu maleko lukwanceda ukugcina igazi lihamba kwicala elinye.
- Umaleko ongaphandle (i-Adventitia): Le sisigqubuthelo esingaphandle esinika amandla kunye nolwakhiwo kwimithambo yegazi. Iqulethe imithambo yegazi kunye neminye imithambo yegazi emincinci. Ikwabonelela ngeoksijini kunye nezondlo eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi.
Izifo neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela imithambo yegazi
Inkqubo yethu ebalulekileyo yokujikeleza kwegazi inokuba neengxaki ezahlukeneyo zezifo neengxaki. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- I-Aneurysm: Le yindawo ebuthathaka kumthambo ophuma njengebhaluni. Inokwenzeka naphi na emzimbeni. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba ukuba iyaqhuma, inokubangela ukopha okukhulu emzimbeni kwaye inokuba yingozi ebomini.
- I-atherosclerosis: Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. I-cholesterol, amafutha, nezinye izinto ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'plaque'), nto leyo enciphisa indawo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Kufana nokugqwala okuqokelelana ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi uze uwuvale. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
- Amahlwili egazi: Ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. La mahlwili anokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis (DVT), i-pulmonary embolism, kunye nokukhubazeka.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi: Uxinzelelo olukhutshwa ligazi eludongeni lwemithambo luhlala luphezulu. Lufana nombulali othuleyo, njengoko ludla ngokubangela umonakalo kwimithambo yegazi ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iimpawu.
- Imithambo yeVaricose: Imeko apho imithambo, ingakumbi emilenzeni, ijikajika, idumbe, kwaye ibonakale ngesikhumba. Le meko yenzeka xa iivalvu ezikwimithambo ziba buthathaka kwaye zingenakuthintela igazi ukuba libuyele umva.
- I-Vasculitis: Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi, okubangela ukuba iindonga zemithambo yegazi zidumbe, ziqine, kwaye zinciphe, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba kwegazi.
Wazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki? - Iimpawu
Iimpawu zeengxaki zemithambo yegazi zingahluka kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwimeko efana ne-aneurysm, kusenokungabikho zimpawu de kube yingxaki enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezi mpawu zilandelayo.
| Iimpawu onokuthi uthethe ngazo nogqirha wakho | |
|---|---|
| Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu | Ingakumbi xa uthatha umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Ukubanda okanye ukungakhululeki kwamalungu omzimba | Ukubanda okungapheliyo okanye ukurhawuzelela emilenzeni, ezinyaweni, nasezandleni. |
| Ubunzima bokuzilolonga | Ukuva iintlungu nokudinwa emilenzeni xa uhamba kancinci okanye unyuka izinyuko. |
| Ukudinwa ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ukudinwa okungapheliyo. |
| Intlungu | Intlungu esifubeni, esiswini, ezingalweni, okanye emilenzeni. |
| Iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo (yiya kwi-ETU!) | |
| Ukudideka ngequbuliso | Ubunzima bokuthetha nokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye. |
| Ubungqindilili okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba | Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso kwelinye icala lobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze (kusenokuba luphawu lokungakhuli kakuhle). |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngequbuliso | Ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso okanye ukungaboni kakuhle kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo. |
| Iingxaki zokuhamba okanye ukulinganisela | Ukudinwa ngequbuliso, ubunzima bokuhamba. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu | Intlungu engathethekiyo esifubeni, emqolo ongasentla, ezingalweni, okanye emilenzeni. |
| Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla | Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso okanye obandayo. |
| Ukudumba kwezandla okanye iinyawo (i-Edema) | Ukudumba ngequbuliso, ukuba bomvu, kunye nentlungu engalweni okanye emlenzeni (kusenokuba luphawu lokuqhekeka kwegazi). |
Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukuze sigcine inkqubo yemithambo yegazi isempilweni?
Ngethamsanqa, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukugcina imithambo yegazi yethu isempilweni. Ezi zizinto ezilula onokuzongeza kwindlela ophila ngayo.- Ukutya okulungileyo: Zama ukutya ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, i-cholesterol encinci, kunye namafutha agcweleyo, kunye neziqhamo ezininzi, imifuno, iimbotyi kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
- Ukuzilolonga: Fumana ubuncinci imizuzu eli-150 yokuzilolonga ngeveki (imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki) njengokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukudada.
- Ulawulo olufanelekileyo: Ukuba unesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Sela amayeza akho ngexesha.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya yeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu kwimithambo yegazi yakho. Ngoko ke ukuba uyatshaya, yeka namhlanje, okanye ungaqali.
- Nciphisa utywala: Ukuba usela utywala, nciphisa kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imithambo yegazi yakho yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yeendlela ezithwala ubomi kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni wakho.
- Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zemithambo yegazi—imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kunye nee-capillaries—zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kodwa enxulumeneyo.
- Iimeko ezifana ne-atherosclerosis, amahlwili egazi, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zingonakalisa kakhulu imithambo yegazi yakho.
- Hlala ulumkile xa ubona iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso, ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba, kunye nobunzima bokuthetha. Ukuba into enjalo yenzeka, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Utshintsho olulula kwindlela ophila ngayo, olufana nokutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo , kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya, kunokunceda ukugcina inkqubo yakho yemithambo yegazi isempilweni ixesha elide.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho