Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ingalo okanye umlenze waphukile kwingozi, awupholi kakuhle kwaye ubangela iintlungu ezininzi, akunjalo? Okanye, kufuneka uqinise umhlathi ngaphambi kokuba utyandwe izinyo. Kukwimeko ezinje apho oogqirha bathetha khona 'ngokufakelwa amathambo '. Abanye abantu banokoyika xa besiva eli gama, kodwa namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokulula malunga nokuba liyintoni na, ukuba lenziwa njani, kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-bone graft?
Le yindlela yotyando. Ibandakanya ukunceda umzimba wakho ulungise ithambo elibuthathaka, elaphukileyo, okanye elonakeleyo. Khawuthelekelele, xa sinomngxuma eludongeni lwendlu yethu, siwuzalisa ngeplasta, akunjalo? Le yinto efanayo. Kolu tyando, ugqirha ufaka into ekhethekileyo emngxunyeni okanye kwindawo ebuthathaka ethanjeni.
Oku kuneenjongo ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Ukunika amandla ongezelelweyo: Izinto ezibekwe kwindawo evulekileyo zinika inkxaso namandla ethambo.
2. Ukunceda ekwakheni ithambo elitsha: Into efakwe kwi-injection ithumela umyalezo emzimbeni wokuba "wakhe izicubu ezintsha zethambo apha." Emva koko umzimba ngokwawo uzalisa isithuba uze uqinise ithambo kwakhona.
Ngubani ofuna olu hlobo lotyando?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kufuneka i-bone graft. Ngamanye amaxesha isenokuba semva kwengozi, ngamanye amaxesha isenokuba ngenxa yesinye isifo. Makhe sijonge iimeko eziphambili apho oku kufuneka khona.
| Isizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iqhekeza elingapholi kakuhle | Olu tyando luyimfuneko xa ithambo elaphukileyo liphola kancinci kunokuba bekulindelwe (ukulibaziseka kokudibana), liphazamisekile (ukudibanisa), okanye lingapholi kwaphela (ukudibanisa). |
| Ngaphambi Kokufakelwa Kwamazinyo | Ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe izinyo elenziweyo ngaphakathi komhlathi, ukuba ithambo lomhlathi libuthathaka, kwenziwa i-graft yethambo ukuze liqiniswe. |
| Ukutshintshwa Kwamalungu | Le ndlela isetyenziswa xa kutshintshwa ilungu, njenge-hip okanye idolo, kwaye kufuneka ukukhula kwamathambo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilungu elenziweyo lizinzile ngokufanelekileyo. |
| Utyando lokudibanisa umqolo | Kwiinkqubo zotyando lokuhlanganisa umqolo, ukufakelwa kwamathambo kusetyenziswa ukunceda ukuzinzisa amathambo omqolo. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Ikwasetyenziselwa ukwakha kwakhona amathambo awonakaliswe zizifo ezifana ne-osteonecrosis, umhlaza wamathambo, kunye nosulelo lwamathambo (i-osteomyelitis). |
| Iingxaki ukususela ekuzalweni | Le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa iimeko ezifana nomahluko wobude bemilenze yokuzalwa. |
Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokufakelwa kwamathambo?
Ugqirha uza kukhetha indlela efanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana nemeko yakho kunye nobungakanani bethambo ekufuneka lityalwe. Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili.
- I-Autograft: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lethambo kwelinye ilungu lomzimba wakho , ngokuqhelekileyo i-iliac crest. Le yindlela ethathwa njengeyona iphumelele kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba sisicwili sakho, umzimba wakho awuyilahli, kwaye umngcipheko wosulelo uphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni kwenziwa ukusika okwahlukileyo apho kuthathwa khona ithambo, kunokubakho iintlungu kuloo ndawo. Ubungakanani bethambo elinokuthathwa nalo bulinganiselwe.
- I-Allograft: Oku kusebenzisa izicubu zethambo ezivela komnye umntu (umxhasi oswelekileyo) . Ezi zithathwa kwiibhanki zezicubu ezikhethekileyo, zicocwe, zicocwe, kwaye zigcinwe phantsi kwemigaqo engqongqo yezempilo. Ke ngoko, umngcipheko wosulelo uphantsi kakhulu. Inzuzo yoku kukuba akukho nxalenye yomzimba wakho ekufuneka inqunyulwe. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindlela zotyando lomqolo.
- Ukufakelwa Kwamathambo Okwenziwayo: Ezi zizinto ezenziwe ngokwenziwa kwilebhu.Ezi zenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo ezifumaneka emathanjeni, njenge-calcium. Azinazo iintsholongwane kwaye zinokuthathwa ngobuninzi obufunekayo. Ziluncedo kakhulu ekuzaliseni izikhewu ezinkulu zamathambo. Ezinye izinto ezenziweyo zikwanazo neeproteni ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo.
- I-Bone Marrow Aspirate: Oku kuquka ukuthatha inani elincinci lomongo wethambo kwithambo elikhulu, njengethambo lakho lesinqe, usebenzisa inaliti. Lo mongo wethambo uneeseli ezikhethekileyo (iiseli zesiqu) ezinokwenza ithambo. Xa lo mongo wethambo usetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela zokufakelwa, inkqubo yokuphiliswa kwethambo iyakhawuleziswa.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Makhe sijonge indlela oku kudla ngokwenzeka ngayo inyathelo ngenyathelo.
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uza kufakwa i-anesthesia ngokupheleleyo (unikwe i-anesthesia ). Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lotyando, uza kube ulele.
2. Ukwenza i-incision: Emva koko ugqirha usika ulusu apho i-bone graft iza kufakwa khona ukuze ifikelele ethanjeni.
3. Ukulungisa ithambo: Emva koko, ithambo liyacocwa kakuhle, nasiphi na isicwili esonakeleyo okanye esinesifo siyasuswa, kwaye ithambo lilungiselelwa ukufakwa kwi-graft.
4. Ukulungisa i-graft: Ngoku i-bone graft elungiselelwe ngaphambili (isiqwenga sethambo lakho, ithambo lomnikelo, okanye into eyenziweyo) ifakwa kwindawo evulekileyo, mhlawumbi iqiniswe ngeepleyiti ezincinci okanye izikrufu ukuze ingashukumi.
5. Ukuvala i-incision: Ekugqibeleni, i-incision iyathungwa ize ivalwe kakuhle.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi koku?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo. Kodwa oogqirha benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa ezi zinto kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi zinto kwangethuba.
Ezinye zeengozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene noku zezi:
- Ukopha
- Iintsholongwane
- Iingxaki zokuphiliswa kwamathambo
- Intlungu engapheliyo
- Ukusilela kwezixhobo, njengokukhululeka okanye ukwaphuka kwezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-implant, ezifana neepleyiti kunye nezikrufu
- Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo
- Amanxeba
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu aphile?
Emva kotyando, umzimba wakho uqala kancinci ukudibana nezinto ezifakelweyo, uziphathe njengethambo lawo. Le nkqubo ingathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa okanye unyaka .
Ixesha lokuphiliswa lixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala bakho, impilo iyonke, kunye nobukhulu kunye nendawo apho ithambo lifakwe khona.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ukuyeka kuya kunceda kakhulu ekupholeni. Ukutshaya kuyayinciphisa imithambo yegazi kwaye kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi emathanjeni. Oku kunokulibazisa ukuphiliswa kwamathambo.
Ukuba unale mpawu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga imeko yakho emva kotyando lwakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Uphawu | Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okanye ukudumba okuvela kwisiqwenga | Ukuba kukho ukopha okungaqhelekanga okanye olunye ulwelo oluvela kwindawo yokusikwa, okanye ukuba indawo idumbile kakhulu. |
| Ifiva | Ukuba uziva umkhuhlane emzimbeni wakho, oko kungaba luphawu losulelo. |
| Ubungqindilili (i-Neuropathy) | Ukuziva urhawuzelelwa kwindawo apho kufakwe khona i-implant, okanye ukuziva ungenalo kwaphela uvakalelo. |
| Intlungu engalawulekiyo | Nokuba usela amayeza okudambisa iintlungu akunika wona ugqirha, intlungu ayipheli. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa kwamathambo yindlela yotyando ephumelelayo esetyenziselwa ukuqinisa amathambo abuthathaka okanye aphukileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokoyika oku.
- Ithambo lakho, ithambo lomnye umntu, okanye izinto ezenziweyo zingasetyenziselwa oku. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Ixesha lokuchacha liyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo, ingakumbi izinto ezifana nokuphepha ukutshaya.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga (umkhuhlane, iintlungu ezigqithisileyo, ukudumba, ukungaziva mnandi) emva kotyando, ungathandabuzi ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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