Uloyiko kunye nexhala eliza engqondweni yethu xa sifumanisa ukuba sinomhlaza alinakuchazwa ngamazwi. Kodwa namhlanje, ngesayensi yezonyango ephucukileyo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziphambili zokunyanga nokulawula umhlaza. Namhlanje, sithetha ngendlela yonyango onokuthi awukaze uve ngayo, kodwa isebenza kakhulu. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yiBrachytherapy. Olu lunyango olukhethekileyo lwemitha olusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
Yintoni iBrachytherapy?
Ngamafutshane, i-brachytherapy luhlobo lonyango lwangaphakathi lwemitha yomhlaza. Kwi-radiation therapy eqhelekileyo, umatshini ovela ngaphandle komzimba uhambisa imitha kwi-tumor. Kodwa le ndlela yahlukile.
Apha, isixhobo, esifana nembewu encinci, iipellets, okanye iikhaphu ezinezinto ezine-radioactive, sifakwa ngotyando kwithumba okanye kufutshane kakhulu nalo. Cinga ngalo njengokukhanyisa isibane esincinci ecaleni kwethumba. Imitha ekhutshwa yile sixhobo iya ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza ize izitshabalalise.
Eyona nzuzo inkulu apha kukuba uninzi lwemitha luthunyelwa ngqo kumhlaza, ngelixa umonakalo kwizicubu eziphilileyo ezijikeleze umhlaza umncinci. Oku kubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
Ngamanye amaxesha olu nyango lusetyenziswa lodwa. Ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zomhlaza, ezifana nonyango lwemitha ye-external beam radiation (EBRT) okanye utyando.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-brachytherapy?
Ewe, le ndlela yonyango inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: ii-implants zexeshana kunye nee-implants ezisisigxina. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko.
| Uhlobo lonyango | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Izinto Ezifakelwayo Zexeshana | |
| Izinga leDosi eliphantsi (LDR) | Ngale ndlela, isixhobo sokukhanya sishiywa emzimbeni kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-7, sikhupha rhoqo iidosi eziphantsi zokukhanya. Emva kwexesha elimiselweyo, ugqirha uyasisusa isixhobo. |
| Izinga leDosi ephezulu (HDR) | Imitha ephezulu kakhulu ikhutshwa ngexesha elifutshane, ngesiqhelo imizuzu eli-10-20. Esi sixhobo siyasuswa ekupheleni kweseshoni nganye yonyango. Unyango lunokunikwa kabini ngemini ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezi-5 okanye kube kanye ngeveki ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-5. |
| Izifakelo ezisisigxina | |
| Ukufakelwa kwembewu | Ngale ndlela, imbewu encinci ene-radioactive ifakwa ngokusisigxina kwi-tumor. Ezi zikhupha iidosi ezincinci ze-radiation kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-radioactivity iyaphela, kwaye imbewu engasebenziyo ihlala emzimbeni. Ayisuswa. |
Lolu nyango lusetyenziselwa ziphi iintlobo zomhlaza?
I-Brachytherapy isebenza kakhulu kwimihlaza ekwindawo ethile engasasazekanga kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza ezisetyenziselwa olu nyango zezi:
- Umhlaza weprostate
- Umhlaza wezifo zabasetyhini (umzekelo, umhlaza wesibeleko, wesibeleko, okanye wesibeleko)
- Umhlaza webele
- Umhlaza wamehlo
- Umhlaza wentloko nentamo
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi konyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha wakho akwazi ukucwangcisa unyango lwakho, uza kukuhlola aze athathe imbali yezonyango eneenkcukacha. Kusenokufuneka enze izinto ezifana novavanyo lwegazi kunye neeskeni.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga noko kufuneka ukwenze ngaphambi konyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo unokucelwa ukuba wenze izinto ezifana nezi:
- Yeka ukusebenzisa amayeza achaphazela ukujiya kwegazi (umz., amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants), amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu afana ne-NSAIDs) okwethutyana, njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Ukucoca amathumbu usebenzisa i-enema ngaphambi konyango.
- Musa ukutya nokusela kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba uye esibhedlele.
- Ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Indlela yonyango iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza onawo kunye nohlobo lwe-brachytherapy olukhethileyo (i-LDR, i-HDR, okanye i-permanent). Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho isixhobo se-radiation sibekwe khona.
- I-Interstitial brachytherapy: Kulapho isixhobo sifakwa khona ngqo ngaphakathi kwethumba. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa umhlaza weprostate, eminye imihlaza yabasetyhini, kunye nomhlaza wezicubu ezithambileyo (ii-sarcomas).
- Intracavity brachytherapy: Kulapho esi sixhobo sifakwa khona ngaphakathi komngxuma emzimbeni, kufutshane nethumba. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaza wesini ofana nowesibeleko kunye nesibeleko.
Uza kunikwa i-anesthesia (i-anesthesia) ukuthintela ukuba ungaziva naziphi na iintlungu ngexesha lonyango. Wakuba ukhululekile, i-Radiation Oncologist iza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukufakwa kwe-catheter okanye i-applicator: Kufakwa ityhubhu (i-catheter) okanye isixhobo (i-applicator) ukuhambisa izinto ezine-radioactive kwindawo yomhlaza. Oku kukhokelwa kwindawo echanekileyo nge-scan.
2. Ukufakwa kwesixhobo sokukhanya: Okulandelayo, isixhobo sokukhanya sithunyelwa ngetyhubhu siye okanye kufutshane nethumba. Ukukhanya okuphumayo koku kutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
3. Ukususa isixhobo (unyango lwexeshana kuphela): Kwindlela ye-HDR, isixhobo sisuswa emva kweseshoni enye yonyango. Kwindlela ye-LDR, ngamanye amaxesha sisuswa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
Emva konyango, iintlungu zinikwa ukunciphisa iintlungu xa kususwa izinto ezifana ne-catheter.
Zithini iingenelo kunye namanqanaba empumelelo yonyango?
I-Brachytherapy lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lomhlaza olungazange lusasazeke.
- Uhlaselo olujolise kakhulu kwimitha lunamandla amakhulu okutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azincinci kuba akukho monakalo mkhulu kwizicwili eziphilileyo.
- Ixesha lokuchacha lifutshane kunezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza.
Lusebenza kangakanani olu nyango?
Uphando lubonise ukuba i-brachytherapy iyasebenza kakhulu ekunyangeni izifo ezifana nomhlaza wesibeleko kunye nomhlaza we-prostate. Kwezinye iimeko, olu nyango lukwazile ukuwunyanga ngokupheleleyo umhlaza kwaye luwuthintele ukuba ungabuyi.
Kodwa into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule: Ayizizo zonke iintsholongwane zomhlaza kwaye ayizizo zonke izigulana ezifanayo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye uqonde ngokupheleleyo iziphumo onokuzilindela kolu nyango ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kolu nyango?
Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Zixhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza onyangwayo kunye nendlela yonyango. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zezexeshana. Ezinye zinokuba zezexesha elide, kodwa zinokulawulwa.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo:
- Ubunzima bokuchama okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama (`(Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo)`)
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile
- Ukuvaleka kwamalungu esini
- Ukudinwa
- Ukuqhinwa, urhudo, okanye ubunzima bokulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
Okubaluleke kakhulu, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zihlala zixhomekeke kwilungu lomzimba elanyangwayo. Umzekelo, unyango lwe-prostate lunokubangela iingxaki zomchamo okanye amathumbu, kodwa isicaphucaphu asibonakali kangako.
Umntu ofumene unyango kunye nabanye
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Ixesha lokuchacha emva kwe-brachytherapy lifutshane xa lithelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ezifana notyando. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango, ungaziva ungcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iveki. Kubalulekile ukuphumla iintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango kwaye uphephe imisebenzi enzima. Qhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho.
Ingaba kukhuselekile ukuba kufutshane nomntu oye wafumana unyango?
Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngabantu abaninzi.
- Ukuba ufumene unyango lwe-brachytherapy okwethutyana , akuyi kubakho mitha ishiyekileyo emzimbeni wakho emva kokuba isixhobo sisusiwe, ngoko ke akukho mngcipheko wokudibana nabanye abantu.
- Ukuba ufumene unyango oluhlala luhleli lwe-brachytherapy (umz. ukufakelwa kwembewu), inani elincinci kakhulu lemitha liya kukhutshwa emzimbeni wakho kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Le radiation ihamba imigama emifutshane kakhulu ngaphandle komzimba. Yiyo loo nto ingonakalisa izicwili ezisempilweni ezijikeleze umhlaza. Ngoko ke umngcipheko kwabanye mncinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengesilumkiso , oogqirha badla ngokucebisa abafazi abakhulelweyo nabantwana abancinci ukuba baphephe ukusondelana ixesha elide kwizigaba zokuqala.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Xelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngexesha okanye emva konyango:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuginya
- Iintlungu zesisu eziqatha, ukuhlanza, okanye urhudo
- Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo okanye isitulo
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Brachytherapy yindlela yonyango ephucukileyo ebeka umthombo wemitha ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane kakhulu nethumba ukuze ijolise kwaye itshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
- Eyona nzuzo iphambili yoku kukuba umonakalo kwizicwili eziphilileyo uyancipha kwaye ngenxa yoko iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyancitshiswa.
- Oku kusebenza ngakumbi kumhlaza ongazange usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini: zexeshana nezexesha elizeleyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Nangona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka, zihlala zilawuleka kwaye zilinganiselwe kwindawo enyangwayo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva konyango.
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