Sicinga ukuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umntu omdala ekhayeni lethu, njengomama, utata, umakhulu, okanye umakazi, alibale izinto njengoko ekhula. Sihlala sisiva izinto ezinje, "Ndibeke phi isipili?" "Kutheni ndingene kweli gumbi?" Kodwa ngaba wakha waziva ngathi ezi zinto zokulibala zinzulu kancinci? Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba inkumbulo yakho iye yaba mandundu kulo nyaka kunonyaka ophelileyo, okanye ngaba umhlobo wakho ukuxelele ngale nto? Oku akuyonto esifanele siyithathe lula. Uphononongo olutsha lwezonyango lubonisa ukuba utshintsho olukhulu kwinkumbulo olunje lunokuba luphawu lwesilumkiso lwasekuqaleni lwesifo sika-Alzheimer.
Yintoni etyhilwe luphando olutsha?
Olu phando, olusandul’ ukupapashwa kwiphephancwadi lezonyango elidumileyo iNeurology, lubandakanya abantu abangama-675 abaneminyaka engama-72 ubudala. Nangona aba bantu bachongiwe njengabasengozini yokufumana isifo sika-Alzheimer, akukho namnye kubo owayeneengxaki ezinkulu ngezakhono zakhe zokuqonda xa kwaqaliswa olu phando.
Into eyenziwe lolu phononongo yayilula kakhulu. Aba bantu bangama-675 kunye nabahlobo babo abasondeleyo (abanokuba liqabane labo, isalamane, okanye umhlobo osenyongweni) babuzwa malunga notshintsho kwimemori yabo ngemibuzo. Kwangaxeshanye, bonke baye bahlolwa ingqondo ngokukhethekileyo.
Iziphumo ziyamangalisa. Abantu abathi bona okanye umntu osondeleyo kubo "abanankumbulo ingako kulo nyaka kunaleyo babenayo kunyaka ophelileyo" babone utshintsho lokuqala kwiingqondo zabo olunxulunyaniswa nesifo sika-Alzheimer. Isigidimi esivela koku kukuba ukuba umntu omdala ukhalaza ngenkumbulo yakhe okanye usapho lwakhe lukhathazekile ngayo, ayingombono ulungileyo ukuyilahla nje "njengokuba nje ekhula."
Zeziphi ezi nguqu zenkumbulo ekufuneka uzixhalabise ngazo?
Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba loluphi uhlobo lokulibala esifanele sikhathazeke ngalo. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa abagxile kuzo ngokukodwa kolu phando. Jonga ukuba ezi ziqhelekile na kubantu abadala ekhayeni lakho.
| Uphawu lokunika ingqalelo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukwehla okukhulu kwenkumbulo | Ngaba wena okanye abanye abantu nicinga ukuba inkumbulo yenu ibuthathaka kakhulu kulo nyaka kunokuba yayinjalo kunyaka ophelileyo? |
| Ukulibala apho izinto zikhoyo | Ngaba uhlala ulibala apho ugcina khona izitshixo zakho, iiglasi, okanye ibhegi yakho? Ngaba oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kunangaphambili? |
| Ukuthembela kumanqaku abhaliweyo | Ngaba uxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezifana nokwenza uluhlu lwezinto oza kuzithenga okanye ukugcina uluhlu lwezinto oza kuzenza? |
Iziphumo zovavanyo lokusebenza kwengqondo ezisetyenziswe kolu phononongo zikwafana noko aba bantu bakutshoyo ngabo, oko kuthetha ukuba iimvakalelo zabo "andikhumbuli" zazinesiseko esiqinileyo.
Utshintsho lobuchopho kunye nesifo sika-Alzheimer
I-Alzheimer's yimeko apho iiseli zengqondo zitshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu. Ibangelwa ikakhulu ziintlobo ezimbini zeeproteni ezingaqhelekanga eziqokelelana engqondweni. Abaphandi basebenzise indlela ekhethekileyo yokuskena ebizwa ngokuba yi-'PET` scan (positron emission tomography) ukuze babone ukuba ezi proteni zibekwe engqondweni na.
1. I-Amyloid Plaque: Oku kufana "namanxeba" aqokelelana phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho. Xa ezi ziqokelelana, ziphazamisa ukuhamba kolwazi phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho.
2. IiTau Tangles: I-Tau yenye iproteni efumaneka ngaphakathi kwiiseli zobuchopho. Kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, ezi proteni zihlangana njengebhola yomtya, zenze "iiTangles." Oku kubangela ukuba iiseli zife zingafumani izondlo ezizifunayo.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku. Ukuba umntu unale protein engqondweni yakhe akuthethi ukuba unesifo i-Alzheimer's. Kwakhona, ayinguye wonke umntu onale nguqu oza kuba nesifo. Ezi zizinto ezibangela esi sifo kuphela.
Olu phando lwenze kwacaca ngakumbi kunangaphambili ukuba abantu abakhalaza ngokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo banamathuba amaninzi okuba nezi protein 'ze-tau' zibambene engqondweni yabo.
Kutheni ke ngoko kufuneka sicinge ngale nto kangaka?
Ngokutsho kukaGqr. Rebecca Amariglio, omnye wabaholi bolu phando, olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kuthi. Uthi:
"Ngoku siyazi ukuba isifo sika-Alzheimer siqala ukubangela utshintsho engqondweni kudala ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha akwazi ukubona iimpawu ngokwezonyango. Ngoku kukho ubungqina obuninzi bokuba okokuqala umntu ebona olu tshintsho lwenkumbulo, nokuba kuye okanye kwilungu losapho, lunokuba luphawu lwesilumkiso kwangethuba lwesifo."
Ngamafutshane, loo mvakalelo yokuba "ndizilibala kakhulu izinto kule mihla" wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe yingcaciso ebaluleke kakhulu kwezonyango . Musa ukuyityeshela. Isenokuba sisilumkiso sokuqala somzimba wakho. Ukuba uvakalelwa ngolu hlobo, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukungabi naxhala, kodwa ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Abaphandi bakwaphawula ukuba uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba kolu phononongo yayingabantu abamhlophe kwaye bafunde kakhulu, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kufuneka uphando olongezelelweyo kumazwe anabemi abahlukeneyo, njengaseSri Lanka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba wena, umntu omthandayo, okanye elinye ilungu losapho liqaphela ukuba inkumbulo yabo iye yehla kakhulu kutshanje, ingakumbi kunyaka ophelileyo, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto.
- Izinto ezifana nokulibala rhoqo apho izinto zikhoyo nokuthembela ngakumbi kumanqaku abhaliweyo ukuze wenze izinto zinokuba ziimpawu zokuqala zesifo sika-Alzheimer.
- Oku kulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunokunxulunyaniswa neeproteni ezibizwa ngokuba yi-amyloid plaques kunye ne-tau tangles eziqokelelana engqondweni.
- Ukuba unexhala malunga nenkumbulo yakho okanye inkumbulo yomntu omthandayo, musa ukoyika okanye ukoyika, kodwa bonana nogqirha wosapho lwakho (ugqirha) uze uthethe ngayo.
- Ukuqaphela isifo kwasekuqaleni kuya kukunceda kakhulu ekulawuleni imeko ngcono kwixesha elizayo.
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