Xa sisiva 'ngethumba lobuchopho' okanye 'ithumba lobuchopho', sonke siyoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kodwa ukuqaphela ngokupheleleyo le meko kunokusinceda senze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ukuba into efana nale ichaphazela wena okanye umntu omthandayo. Ayizizo zonke iithumba zobuchopho ezingumhlaza. Ngoko ke, kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngokuba zeziphi iithumba zobuchopho, zeziphi iintlobo zazo eziphambili, kunye neendlela zonyango ngendlela onokuyiqonda, ngokulula.
Zivela njani iithumba zobuchopho?
Ngamafutshane, ithumba lobuchopho kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli engqondweni. Ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Iintsholongwane zobuchopho eziPhambili: Ezi zivela ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Cinga ngazo njengengxaki eqala engqondweni ngokwayo. Ezi ntsholongwane azisasazeki ngaphandle kwengqondo ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
2. Iintsholongwane zobuchopho zesibini: Ezi zezona zixhaphakileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba umhlaza oqale kwenye indawo emzimbeni, umzekelo, imiphunga, amabele, izintso, okanye ulusu, uhamba ngegazi uye engqondweni uze wenze ithumba apho. Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuba yiMetastatic Brain Tumor .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayizizo zonke iithumba zobuchopho ezibangela umhlaza. Ezinye zinokuba ziithumba ezingengozini ezingenazo iiseli zomhlaza.
Ngoko ke, singahlulahlula ezi zibe ngamacandelo amabini:
- Iintsholongwane zobuchopho ezingenobungozi: Ezi azinazo iiseli zomhlaza. Zihlala zikhula kancinci. Zinokususwa phantse ngokupheleleyo ngotyando. Akunakwenzeka ukuba zisasazeke kwizicubu zobuchopho ezisempilweni ezikufutshane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ithumba likhula kwindawo ebuthathaka yengqondo kwaye licinezele kuloo ndawo, linokubangela iimeko ezinzulu nezisongela ubomi.
- Iintsholongwane zobuchopho ezinobungozi: Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba 'ziintsholongwane zobuchopho'. Ziqulathe iiseli zomhlaza. Ezinye iintsholongwane zikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa ezinye zikhula kancinci. Uphawu oluphambili lwale ntsholongwane kukuba ihlasela ize isasazeke kwizicubu zobuchopho eziphilileyo ezingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ntsholongwane azifane zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Zithini "amanqanaba" eethumba zobuchopho?
Ugqirha uza kuthatha isampuli encinci (i-biopsy) yethumba lakho aze alihlole ukuze abone ukuba iiseli ziqhelekile okanye aziqhelekanga kangakanani. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yinqanaba lethumba. Eli banga liza kumisela unyango olungcono kuwe. Linokukunika nombono wokuba ithumba liza kukhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
| Ibanga | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ibanga loku-1 | Iiseli zibonakala ziqhelekile. Zikhula kancinci kakhulu. Emva kwezi, ungaphila ixesha elide usempilweni entle. |
| Ibanga lesi-2 | Kukho iingxaki ezincinci kwiiseli. Ikhula kancinci. Kodwa inokusasazeka kwizicwili ezingqongileyo ize iphinde ibuye. Ngamanye amaxesha xa ibuya, inokuba yingozi ngakumbi. |
| Ibanga lesi-3 | Iiseli azibonakali ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Zisasazeka kwaye zikhule zibe zizicubu zobuchopho ezijikelezileyo. Zinokuphinda zibuye. |
| Ibanga lesi-4 | Iiseli aziqhelekanga. Zikhula kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zezona zinobungozi kakhulu. |
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wobuchopho kubantu abadala
Iintlobo ezibonwa rhoqo
- I-Astrocytomas: Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza wobuchopho oyintloko. Zivela kuhlobo lweseli olufana neenkwenkwezi ebuchotsheni olubizwa ngokuba yi-astrocytes. Zinokuba zezaluphi na uhlobo. Zinokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokuxhuzula okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha .
- I-Meningiomas: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-primary brain tumor kubantu abadala. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abakwiminyaka yabo yama-70 nama-80. Zikhula kwiimembrane ezigubungela ubuchopho (ii-meninges). Zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-1, 2, okanye 3. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zii-tumor ezingenabungozi nezikhula kancinci.
- Ii-Oligodendrogliomas:Ezi zivela kwiiseli ezenza isigqubuthelo esikhuselayo esijikeleze imithambo-luvo. Olu lukwaluhlobo olukhula kancinci, olungasasazekiyo.
Iintlobo ezingabonakaliyo rhoqo
Kukho ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, kodwa aziqhelekanga kangako.
- Ii-Ependymomas: Ezi luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza oluvela engqondweni okanye emgogodleni.
- Iigliomas ezixutyiweyo: Ezi zenziwe ziintlobo ezingaphezu kwesinye zeeseli.
- I-Medulloblastoma: Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni, kodwa zinokwenzeka nakubantu abadala. Luhlobo lomhlaza olukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Iphathwa njani?
Unyango olufumanayo luxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, njengohlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, ukuba uphi engqondweni, ukuba mkhulu kangakanani, kunye neminyaka yakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela konke oku aze akucebise ngesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziphambili:
- Utyando: Olu ludla ngokuba lolona nyango lokuqala nolubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ithumba lebanga loku-1 lisuswe ngokupheleleyo ngotyando, linokunyangwa lodwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona ithumba lingenakususwa ngokupheleleyo, utyando lunokunceda ekunciphiseni ubukhulu balo kunye nokulawula iimpawu.
- Unyango lweMisebe: Olu nyango lusetyenziswa emva kotyando ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Kwimeko apho utyando lungenakwenzeka, unyango lwemitha lunokunikwa lodwa.
- Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza anokunikwa njengeepilisi okanye njengenaliti emthanjeni (IV).
- Unyango Olujoliswe Kulo: Olu luhlobo olutsha lonyango. La mayeza ajolise ngqo kwiindawo ezithile zeeseli zomhlaza. Ke ngoko, akukho monakalo mkhulu kwiiseli eziphilileyo.
- Iindlela Zonyango Ezidibeneyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze bafumane iziphumo ezilungileyo, oogqirha banokusebenzisa iindlela zonyango ezingaphezu kwenye (umzekelo, utyando kunye nonyango lwemitha).
Ukuba ufunyaniswe unomhlaza, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaxhalabi kwaye usebenzisane ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela isicwangciso sonyango akunika sona kanye kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngeentsuku ezicwangcisiweyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukoyika xa usiva igama elithi 'ithumba lobuchopho'. Kuba ayizizo zonke iithumba ezibangela umhlaza. Ezinye zinokuba yingozi.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeethumba zobuchopho: iithumba zokuqala , eziqala engqondweni, kunye neethumba zesibini , ezisasazeka engqondweni zivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni.
- Ubungakanani bethumba buchaza ubukhali balo kunye neendlela zonyango.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ezinje ngotyando, unyango lwemitha, kunye ne-chemotherapy. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iimpawu, kungcono ukubonana nogqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Leyo yeyona nto ingcono onokuyenza.
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