Ingaba indlela yokuphefumla yomntwana wakho ayiqhelekanga? Isenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yiBronchomalacia!

Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci wenza ingxolo engaqhelekanga xa ephefumla? Okanye wakha waziva ngathi unengxaki yokuphefumla? Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubakho imeko emva kwezi zinto efuna ingqalelo ethile. Enye imeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje yiBronchomalacia. Eli gama lisenokuvakala ngathi yinto enkulu, kodwa masiyigcine ilula.

Yintoni le (iBronchomalacia)? Ngamafutshane nje...

Khawuthelekelele, ngaphakathi emiphungeni yethu, sinenkqubo yeetyhubhu eziphambili ezithatha umoya wethu zingene ziphume. Ezi tyhubhu sizibiza ngokuba yibronchi . Zisasazeke njengamasebe omthi. Ngoku, ezi bronchi azizo nje iityhubhu. Zijikeleze zona, kukho izangqa ze-cartilage ezomeleleyo kancinci, ezifana nomongo wonobumba u-'C' . Ezi zifana nekheyiji ekhusela ibronchi kwaye inceda ukuyigcina ivulekile. Xa siphefumla, xa imiphunga yethu ivuthela kwaye ikhupha umoya, ezi bronchi kufuneka zivulwe kwaye zivalwe ngokufanelekileyo.

I-Bronchomalacia kuxa ezo ndawo ze-cartilage zingenamandla ngokwaneleyo, ziba buthathaka. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Ngenxa yokuba amandla ezi cartilage awanelanga, ingakumbi xa sikhupha umoya (ukukhupha umoya), iindlela zomoya azivuleki kakuhle kwaye zibe mxinwa. Njengokuba xa uqinisa umbhobho wamanzi, kuba nzima ukuba amanzi ahambe, kwaye ukuphefumla kuba nzima.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko? Ngubani onokuba nayo?

I-Bronchomalacia yimeko exhaphakileyo kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha kunye neentsana ezineziphene ezithile zokuzalwa, ezifana ne-Down syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, inokubakho nakubantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala, nangona ingaqhelekanga.

I-Bronchomalacia inokuba naliphi ifuthe kumntwana?

Xa i-cartilage kwimibhobho yomoya ibuthathaka, iba mxinwa kwaye ayivuli kakuhle, nto leyo enokuvala indlela yomoya. Oku kwenza kube nzima kumntwana ukuphefumla kwaye kuthintele umzimba ekufumaneni ioksijini oyifunayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba le meko iba mandundu, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Yintoni iTracheobronchomalacia (TBM)?

Rhoqo, abanye abantu abane (Bronchomalacia), imeko apho i-cartilage kwi-trachea ibuthathaka, banokuba nenye imeko efanayo. Oko kukuthi (Tracheomalacia). (Trachea) yi-windpipe yethu ephambili, eyityhubhu enkulu ethwala umoya ukuya emiphungeni. (Tracheomalacia) kubuthathaka beendonga zaloo windpipe iphambili. Xa zombini ezi meko, (Bronchomalacia) kunye (Tracheomalacia), zikhona kunye, siyibiza ngokuba yi (Tracheobronchomalacia - TBM) .

Njenge-bronchomalacia, i-tracheomalacia inokubangela iingxaki zokuphefumla kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. I-Tracheomalacia ngamanye amaxesha inokunxulunyaniswa ne-esophageal atresia, isiphene esingaqhelekanga sokuzalwa apho umbhobho wokutya ovela emqaleni uye esiswini uncipha.

Zithini izizathu ze (Bronchomalacia)?

I-Bronchomalacia kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ibizwa ngokuba yi-primary bronchomalacia . Ibangelwa kakhulu zezi:

• (Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso): Oku kuthetha iimeko zentliziyo ezikhoyo ekuzalweni.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kunokubangela ukuba i-cartilage emiphungeni ingakhuli kakuhle: Xa umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, la malungu e-cartilage emiphungeni asenokungakhuli ngokupheleleyo.
• (I-Williams-Campbell syndrome): Le yimeko yokuzalwa, yemfuza. Ibangela ukuba i-cartilage kwindlela yomoya ibe buthathaka.

I-Bronchomalacia ekhula kamva ebomini emva kokuzalwa ibizwa ngokuba yi -secondary bronchomalacia . Ingabangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukulimala esifubeni okanye iingozi: Ukuba isifuba sonakele kakhulu, njengakwingozi.
• I-bronchitis engapheliyo: Ukudumba kwexesha elide kwe-bronchi, imeko apho imibhobho ye-bronchial idumba khona ngokukhohlela okungapheliyo.
• I-Emphysema: Oku kwenzeka xa iingxowa zomoya ezincinci (i-alveoli) ezikwimiphunga zonakala kwaye zilahlekelwa bubuthambile bazo.
• Unyango lwexesha elide (i-ventilator): Xa uqhagamshelwe kwiimashini zokuxhasa ukuphefumla ezenziweyo ixesha elide.
• (Isifo Sephepha - Isifo Sephepha): Isifo Sephepha.
• Izimila ezinomhlaza okanye ezingezizo umhlaza emiphungeni: Ezi zimila zinokubangela ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko (iBronchomalacia)?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unale meko (iBronchomalacia), unokufumana ezinye zezi mpawu:

• Ukukhohlela okukhonkothayo okungenamthungo: Ukukhohlela okuvakala ngathi yinja ekhonkothayo kwaye kuvelisa umthungo omncinci.
• I-Cyanosis: Ukutshintsha kombala wesikhumba oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ingakumbi imilebe, ulwimi, kunye neminwe. Oku kubonisa ukuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.
• Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha (Ukudinwa): Ukudinwa ngokukhawuleza nangona sele ugqibile umsebenzi omncinci.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo: Usulelo lomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye nemiphunga (njenge-pneumonia) lunokwenzeka rhoqo.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamandla: Ukuziva ubunzima okanye ukufuthaniseka xa uphefumla.
• I-Stridor: Isandi esiqatha nesingcangcazelayo esivela emqaleni xa uphefumla, ingakumbi xa uphefumla. Abanye abantu babiza esi sandi ngokuthi "yisandi esikruqulayo."
• Ukuphefumla: Isandi esirhabaxa, esivakala ngathi yimpempe esiphuma esifubeni xa uphefumla.

Ngaba iBronchomalacia iyasulela?

Hayi,I-Bronchomalacia ayisosifo esosulelayo. Awunakuyifumana komnye umntu , kwaye awunakuyifumana komnye umntu. Ayibangelwa zizifo ezosulelayo ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane.

Ifunyanwa njani iBronchomalacia?

Xa wena okanye umntwana wakho nibonana nogqirha, uza kuqala enze uvavanyo lomzimba aze amamele imiphunga yakho. Uza kumamela izandi ozenzayo xa uphefumla kunye neminye imiqondiso esifubeni sakho. Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uza kucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zovavanyo lwemifanekiso ezinokujonga ngaphakathi emiphungeni. Wena okanye umntwana wakho unokufuna uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• I-Bronchoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci neguquguqukayo (i-bronchoscope) ngomlomo okanye empumlweni kwaye usebenzise ikhamera encinci ekupheleni ukujonga ngqo kwimigudu yomoya. Oku kuvumela umbono ocacileyo we-cartilage.
• (I-CT scan - I-Computed Tomography scan): Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezinemilinganiselo emithathu, njengeenxalenye zemiphunga nesifuba.
• (I-MRI - I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Olu lolunye uvavanyo oluthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zamalungu angaphakathi omzimba.
• (i-X-reyi): I-X-reyi yesifuba inokunika umbono wemeko ngokubanzi yemiphunga.

Iphathwa njani iBronchomalacia?

Ukuba imeko yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa (iBronchomalacia) ayibi mbi kakhulu, isenokungadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Ugqirha uya kuxelela umntwana ukuba eze ekliniki rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe . Kwiimeko ezininzi, le meko iya kuba ngcono ngokwayo xa umntwana emalunga neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, njengoko imiphunga ikhula kwaye i-cartilage iqina.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanqanaba eoksijini yomntwana wakho aphantsi ngenxa ye-bronchomalacia, oogqirha banokucebisa ukusebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) . Oku kuquka ukubeka imaski phezu kwempumlo nomlomo womntwana wakho uze uyidibanise nomatshini. Lo matshini unika uxinzelelo lomoya oluthambileyo noluqhubekayo kwimaski. Olu xinzelelo lomoya lunceda ukugcina iindlela zomoya zivulekile kwaye zingathinteleki. Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo kangangeeveki eziliqela, okanye de imiphunga yakhe ikhule ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuba imeko ye-bronchomalia imbi kakhulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ikhokelela ekungakwazini ukuphefumla, umntwana unokufuna ukuqhagamshelwa kwi- ventilator ukuze ancede ukugcina iindlela zomoya zivulekile kwaye ziphefumla.

Unyango lweBronchomalacia kubantu abadala luxhomekeke kwimeko ebangela oko. Ukuba une-emphysema okanye i-bronchitis engapheliyo, kunokufuneka uthathe amayeza okulawula iimpawu zakho kwaye uhlolwe rhoqo.Umatshini we-CPAP, ingakumbi osetyenziswa xa ulele, unokuba luncedo nakubantu abadala. Kwiimeko ezinzima, inkxaso yomoya inokufuneka.

Ngaba iBronchomalacia ingathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela icacileyo yokuthintela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-bronchomalacia kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa. Ayibangelwa yinto oyenzileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimpawu zokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuzalwa komntwana wakho ngaphambi kwexesha.

I-Bronchomalacia kubantu abadala idla ngokubangelwa zizifo zemiphunga, ngoko ke ukuyinyamekela kakuhle imiphunga yakho kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nale meko. Abantu abadala banokwenza oku kulandelayo ukugcina imiphunga yabo isempilweni:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya nokuvasa. Ukutshaya nokuvasa kwandisa umngcipheko wakho we-bronchitis engapheliyo, i-emphysema, kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga. Ukuba uyatshaya, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze akuncede uyeke.
• Jonga ikhaya lakho ukuba akukho gesi yeradon. Iradon yigesi esingenakuyibona okanye siyinuke, kodwa inokubangela umhlaza wemiphunga.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE). Ukuba usebenza ngeekhemikhali, umsi, umsi, okanye uthuli, kufuneka unxibe isixhobo sokuphefumla, esisisigqubuthelo sobuso esikhethekileyo.

Ngaba iBronchomalacia inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Uninzi lweentsana ezine-bronchomalacia ziyachacha ngokupheleleyo kwaye zikhule ziphilile xa i-cartilage emiphungeni yazo ikhule ngokupheleleyo kwaye yomelele. Ukuba imeko ibangelwa kukuthinteleka, okufana nomhlaza, emiphungeni, i-bronchomalacia idla ngokuphela xa ukuthinteleka kususiwe.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-bronchitis engapheliyo okanye i-emphysema, kuya kufuneka unyango oluqhubekayo kunye nolawulo, kwaye isenokunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho kwaye uhlale usempilweni.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe impilo yakho rhoqo. Kwakhona, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga naluphi na utshintsho kwimpilo yakho. Ngokukodwa, funa unyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Imilebe okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukurhoxa kwesifuba.
• Imeko yokulahlekelwa zingqondo okanye ukungakwazi ukuvuka.
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla kancinci.
• Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo okanye i-stridor.

I-Bronchomalacia yingxaki yokuphefumla edla ngokuchaphazela iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, ingakumbi iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kunye neentsana ezinemiphunga engakakhuli ngokupheleleyo. Ngonyango oluphumelelayo, uninzi lweentsana luyaphila kwaye lukhula kakuhle. Kwabantu abadala, oogqirha bayanyanga imeko esisiseko ebangele oku. Banika amayeza kwiimeko ezifana ne-emphysema okanye i-bronchitis engapheliyo. Khumbula, ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unengxaki yokuphefumla, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo kwaye ufumane iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nonyango.

Umyalezo Omele Uwuthathe Ekhaya: Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokufutshane, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule ngeBronchomalacia esithethe ngazo:

• I-Bronchomalacia kubuthathaka kwe-cartilage kwimigudu yomoya, nto leyo enokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.
• Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, ingakumbi ezo zizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Kwiintsana, le meko idla ngokuziphelela ngokwayo njengoko imiphunga yazo ikhula. Unyango olufana ne-CPAP lunokufuneka.
• Kwabantu abadala, oku kunokubangelwa zezinye izifo zemiphunga, ezifana ne-bronchitis engapheliyo okanye i-emphysema. Kwimeko enjalo , isifo esisisiseko siyanyangwa.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, izandi ezingaqhelekanga, okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Esi asisosifo esosulelayo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba ufundile kolu lwazi. Hlala usempilweni!

Isifuba se -bronchial, i-bronchomalacia, isifo sokuphefumla kwabantwana, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iziphene ze-cartilage, unyango lwe-CPAP, izifo zemiphunga