Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi usekhaya kwaye uneentloko ezibuhlungu, uzive ubuthathaka, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla? Sihlala sicinga ukuba kukudinwa nje okanye umkhuhlane ozayo. Kodwa wakha wacinga ukuba ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa yinto eyingozi ekhayeni lakho, kodwa leyo singayiboniyo okanye siyinuke? Namhlanje sithetha ngomnye umbulali othuleyo. Loo nto yityhefu ye-carbon monoxide, okanye `(iCarbon Monoxide Poisoning)`. Le yimeko embi kakhulu kwaye isongela ubomi kunokuba ucinga. Ngoko masiqaphele oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-carbon monoxide?
I-carbon monoxide, esiyibiza ngokuba yi-`(CO)` ngamafutshane, yigesi eyingozi
engenambala, ivumba, okanye incasa . Le yeyona ngozi inkulu yayo. Kuba nangona le gesi isasazeke yonke indawo, asinakuyiva. Le gesi yenziwa xa amafutha anjengepetroli, i-parafini, iinkuni, igesi, kunye namalahle engatshiswanga kakuhle, oko kukuthi, xa engatshiswanga ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kufuneka kubekho umoya ofanelekileyo ukuze la mafutha atshiswe. Le gesi iyingozi ye-`(CO)` yenziwa xa la mafutha esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingenamoya waneleyo.
Ivela phi le gesi iyingozi?
Le gesi `(CO)` inokungena emakhayeni ethu isuka kwiindawo esingazicingiyo. Kukho izixhobo ezimbalwa kunye neemeko apho kufuneka silumke ngakumbi.
| Umthombo wemveliso yegesi ye-CO2 | Imeko enobungozi |
|---|
| Iinjini zezithuthi ezifana neemoto, iilori, ii-wheeler ezintathu | Ukuqalisa imoto kwindawo evaliweyo njengegaraji kuyingozi nokuba ucango lwegaraji luvuliwe. |
| Izitovu zegesi | Ukuba nesitovu segesi sokufudumeza indlu. Kwakhona, isitovu esingagcinwanga kakuhle nesivuza igesi. |
| Iijenereyitha | Ukusebenzisa ijenereyitha endlwini, kwigaraji, okanye kufutshane nefestile. Uninzi lwethu luyayenza le mpazamo xa umbane ucima. |
| Isitovu somthi, isitovu samalahle (isitovu esiphezulu) | Ukusebenzisa ezi zinto ekhitshini elingenamoya uneleyo okanye endlwini. |
| Izifudumezi zegesi okanye zeparafini | Ukusebenzisa olu hlobo lwezifudumezi ngaphakathi kwigumbi elivaliweyo. |
| Iigesi zegesi ezifudumeza amanzi | Ezi zifakwe kwigumbi lokuhlambela elingenamoya uneleyo kwaye azizange zigcinwe kakuhle. |
Le tyhefu iyichaphazela njani imizimba yethu?
Kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto. Khawuthelekelele ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni wethu ziibhasi ezincinci ezithutha ioksijini. Xa siphefumla, ezi bhasi zithatha ioksijini emiphungeni ziyithwale emzimbeni wonke, ingakumbi engqondweni nasentliziyweni. Ngoku, xa igesi `(CO)` ingena emzimbeni, kwenzeka into enzima kakhulu. Le gesi `(CO)` inokufikelela kwezo seli zibomvu zegazi
ngokukhawuleza okuphindwe ngama-200 kuneoksijini. Kufana nokungxama ukukhwela ibhasi. Ngoko ke, xa `(CO)` ingena emzimbeni, akukho ndawo yeoksijini ebhasini.
Isiphumo kukuba ingqondo yethu, intliziyo, kunye nalo lonke elinye ilungu emzimbeni wethu alifumani ioksijini eliyidingayo. Oku, ngamanye amazwi, yimeko yokufuthaniseka ngaphakathi.
Ukuba le tyhefu ikhawuleza kangakanani na ixhomekeke kubungakanani be-`(CO)` emoyeni. Kwindawo enobungakanani obuphezulu, umntu unokulahlekelwa zingqondo aze afe
kwimizuzu embalwa .
Zithini iimpawu zale tyhefu?
Iimpawu zoku zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane, ngoko ke abantu abaninzi abawuboni ekuqaleni. Yiyo loo nto uyingozi kangaka. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba letyhefu.
Ityhefu Encinci Ityhefu Ephakathi ukuya Kweyona Inzima
| Inqanaba lokutyhefa | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|
| Ezona mpawu | |
| Iimpawu eziqatha | |
Ukuba abantu abaninzi endlwini enye bafumana ezi mpawu ngaxeshanye, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yityhefu (CO). Kwakhona, ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba iimpawu ziyaphela xa ushiya loo ndawo, oko kukwaluphawu olukhulu.
Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile ngozi?
Nangona ubuthi be-CO bunokwenzeka nakubani na, abanye abantu banokuziva iziphumo zayo ngokukhawuleza nangokubi kakhulu.
- Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa: Njengoko inqanaba le-CO egazini likamama lisanda, ubungakanani beoksijini efunyanwa ngumntwana buyancipha ngendlela ebulalayo .
- Iintsana ezincinci nabantwana: Ngenxa yobukhulu bemizimba yazo emincinci kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokuphefumla, iigesi ezinobuthi ziphefumlwa ngokukhawuleza.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Impembelelo inkulu kuba iindlela zabo zokuzikhusela zomzimba zibuthathaka.
- Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo, i-anemia, okanye isifo semiphunga .
- Abantu abatshayayo: Ngenxa yokuba sele bene-CO ethile egazini labo, bayachaphazeleka ngokukhawuleza nokuba baphefumla kancinci.
Khumbula, xa kukho i-CO ekhayeni, izilwanyana zasekhaya zihlala ziqala ukubonisa iimpawu. Ukuba ngequbuliso ziyafa okanye zenze ngendlela engaqhelekanga, oko kungaba luphawu lwesilumkiso.
Yintoni omele uyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho uneempawu zetyhefu ye-CO,
musa ukulibazisa. Nazi iindlela ekufuneka uzithathe: 1.
Shiya loo ndawo ngoko nangoko: Ukuba usekhaya, phuma ngokukhawuleza uye kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo. Musa ukukhangela umthombo wegesi. 2.
Fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko: Ukuba useSri Lanka, fowunela inkonzo ye-ambulensi ka-1990. Okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane neYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngoko nangoko. 3.
Yazisa abanye: Khupha wonke umntu endlwini. 4.
Xelela ugqirha ngeempawu: Xelela ugqirha ngokucacileyo ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ityhefu ye-CO kunye nendawo obukuyo.
Musa ukuphinda ungene endlwini nangasiphi na isizathu de iinkonzo zongxamiseko okanye iingcali ezifanelekileyo zithi kukhuselekile ukwenza njalo. Kusenokubakho igesi ebulalayo ngaphakathi.
Benza ntoni esibhedlele? Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Xa ungeniswe esibhedlele, into yokuqala ugqirha aza kuyenza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nendawo obukuyo. Emva koko, baya kwenza
uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba utyhefwe yi-`(CO)`. Oku kulinganisa inqanaba le-`(Carboxyhemoglobin)` egazini. Unyango kuphela
kukunika i-100% i-oxygen ecocekileyo . Oku kwenziwa ngemaski yeoksijini. Xa i-oxygen ecocekileyo inikwa ngale ndlela, i-`(CO)` enamathele kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi iyasuswa, ivumela i-oxygen ukuba ingene kwakhona. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kunokufuneka ukuba ikunike i-oxygen kwigumbi elinoxinzelelo oluphezulu `(Igumbi le-Oksijini eHyperbaric).
Singasinda njani kule meko iyingozi?
Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango lwetyhefu ye-CO. Ngokulandela la manyathelo alula, ungazigcina wena nosapho lwakho nikhuselekile.
Zihlole izixhobo rhoqo ngonyaka.
Zonke izixhobo ezitshisa ipetroli ezifana nezitovu zegesi, iigesi zegesi, kunye nezifudumezi mazihlolwe yingcali eqeqeshiweyo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ukuba kukho iitshimini, zijonge ukuba azivalekanga na.
Cinga ngononophelo xa usebenzisa izixhobo.
- Ungaze usebenzise ijenereyitha, isitovu samalahle, okanye i-gas barbecue endlwini, egaraji, okanye kwindawo evaliweyo.
- Musa ukusebenzisa isitovu segesi ukufudumeza indlu.
- Musa ukuyishiya imoto yakho isebenza ngaphakathi egaraji, nokuba ucango luvuliwe.
- Ukuba usebenzisa izinto ezifana nezifudumezi zeparafini, shiya ifestile ivulekile kancinci ukuze umoya ungene.
Faka isixhobo sokubona i-carbon monoxide (CO Detector)
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Esi sisixhobo esifana nesixhobo sokukhangela umsi. Ukuba inqanaba le-`(CO)` emoyeni linyuka ngendlela eyingozi, liya kuvakala i-alamu enkulu. Oku kungasindisa ubomi, ingakumbi xa silele. Kungcono ukuzifaka ezi kufutshane namagumbi okulala nakuwo wonke umgangatho wendlu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-carbon monoxide (CO) ngumbulali ongenambala, ivumba, okanye incasa.
- Ingaqala ngeempawu zomkhuhlane eziqhelekileyo ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, kunye nesicaphucaphu. Yiba norhano xa abantu abaninzi endlwini befumana ezi mpawu ngaxeshanye.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho ityhefu ye-CO, shiya loo ndawo ngoko nangoko uye kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo. Emva koko fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko okanye uye kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko lesibhedlele esikufutshane (ETU).
- Musa ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezitshisa amafutha (izitovu zegesi, iijenereyitha) kwiindawo ezivalekileyo.
- Ukuze ukhuseleke wena nosapho lwakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka isixhobo sokubona i-carbon monoxide (CO Detector) ekhayeni lakho.
Ityhefu ye-carbon monoxide, ityhefu ye-CO, intloko ebuhlungu, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iimpawu ze-carbon monoxide, isixhobo sokubona i-CO, ityhefu ye-carbon monoxide sinhala, umbulali othuleyo
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