Xa umthombo womhlaza ungafumaneki? Masithethe nge (Carcinoma of Unknown Primary - CUP)

Ngamanye amaxesha, xa siziva kukho into engalunganga okanye eyahlukileyo emzimbeni wethu, siya kugqirha. Xa sisiya, ngamanye amaxesha sifumanisa ukuba sinomhlaza, kwaye usasazeke ukusuka kwelinye icala lomzimba ukuya kwelinye (umhlaza osasazekayo). Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bathi kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba lo mhlaza uqale phi, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuwufumana. Kulapho ke siza kuthetha ngale meko (iCarcinoma of Unknown Primary) okanye iCUP .

Yintoni iCarcinoma yeSifo esingaziwayo esiyintloko - iCUP? Masiyiqonde ngokulula

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, ‘Bathi banomhlaza, kodwa abazi ukuba uvela phi, oko kwenzeka njani?’ Kulungile, masichaze oku kancinci.

Umhlaza ngokubanzi uchazwa njengokukhula okungaqhelekanga nokungalawulekiyo kweeseli emzimbeni wethu. Indawo apho umhlaza uqala khona ibizwa ngokuba 'ngumhlaza oyintloko' okanye 'ithumba eliyintloko' . Ngoku, iiseli ezivela kulo mhlaza oyintloko zinokuqhekeka zize zihambe ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngegazi okanye inkqubo ye-lymphatic, apho zinokuqala khona ukukhulisa iiseli ezintsha zomhlaza. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba 'ngumhlaza osasazekayo' okanye 'umhlaza osasazekayo'. Abanye oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuba 'ngumhlaza wesibini' .

Ngoko ke, (iCarcinoma yePrimary engaziwayo) okanye iCUP ithetha ukuba unomhlaza wesibini oye wasasazeka ngolu hlobo emzimbeni wakho, kodwa oogqirha abakwazi ukufumana apho umhlaza oyintloko uqale khona. Benze uvavanyo oluninzi, kodwa abakwazi ukufumana umhlaza wokuqala. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, nokuba abanakufumana umhlaza wokuqala, kukho iindlela zokunyanga le meko yeCUP. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuxhomekeke kulwazi oluvela kuvavanyo, banokunyanga ngamayeza akhethekileyo okulwa nomhlaza.

Kutheni le nto lo mhlaza wokuqala ungafumaneki? Zithini izizathu?

Kulungile, ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba yintoni i-CUP. Kodwa kutheni le mhlaza ingafumaneki kwangoko? Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zaloo nto.

• Kuba umhlaza oyintloko umncinci kakhulu: Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza wokuqala umncinci kangangokuba awubonwa nangovavanyo lwemifanekiso, oko kukuthi, iiskeni. Kufana nokukhangela intlanzi encinci elahlekileyo elwandle.
• Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba iyitshabalalisile: Umzimba wethu unenkqubo yokuzikhusela enkulu, ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba inokufumana umhlaza oyintloko ize iwutshabalalise. Kodwa ngelo xesha, ezinye iiseli zomhlaza zisenokuba zisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• Kuba yasuswa ngexesha lotyando ngesizathu esithile:Khawucinge ukuba bekufuneka wenze utyando ngenxa yesinye isifo. Mhlawumbi ngaphandle kokwazi, umhlaza oyintloko usenokuba ususiwe ngexesha lotyando. Emva koko, xa umhlaza osasazekileyo ufunyanwa kamva, indawo yokuqala ayinakufunyanwa.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho kwi-CUP?

Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezihlala zifika engqondweni xa sicinga ngomhlaza. Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka nakwimeko ye-CUP. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba unazo ezi mpawu, akufanele woyike ukuba ngumhlaza? Kodwa ukuba ubona into entsha okanye eyahlukileyo emzimbeni wakho, ukuba ayipheli kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba ibonakala isiba mandundu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha uze uthethe ngayo.

Nazi ezinye iimpawu ezinokubangela umhlaza:

• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo: Ukukhohlela okuhlala ixesha elide, ngaphandle komkhuhlane.
• Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya: Ukuba uneempawu ezingapheliyo ezifana nesisu esidumbileyo, ukuqhinwa, okanye urhudo.
• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuziva ugcwele nokuba sele utye kancinci okanye wehlise umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu: Ukuba awunamdla wokutya, zive ugcwele nokuba sele utye kancinci, okanye ukuba wehlisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuzama.
• Umkhuhlane ongachazekiyo: Ndiziva ndishushu kwaye ndinomkhuhlane.
• Iqhuma okanye ukudumba naphi na emzimbeni: Ukuba uneqhuma entanyeni, emakhwapheni, emqolo, okanye naphi na emzimbeni wakho elingasukiyo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yentlungu.
• Ukubila ebusuku: Ukuba ubila kakhulu ebusuku ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile.
• Intlungu yesifuba okanye yesisu: Intlungu engapheliyo esifubeni okanye esiswini.
• Ukuchama rhoqo: Ukuba kufuneka uye kwindlu yangasese rhoqo kunesiqhelo.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo: Ukuba ii-lymph nodes ezijikeleze intamo, i-groin, okanye phantsi kwamakhwapha zivakala ngathi zivuvukile.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le meko yeCUP?

Ukuchonga i-CUP yinkqubo ethatha ixesha elide nethatha amanyathelo amaninzi. Into yokuqala oogqirha abazama ukuyenza kukufumana ithumba eliphambili esithethe ngalo ngaphambili, elo laqala khona umhlaza.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuhlolwa komzimba . Baza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iingxaki zempilo onokuba nazo. Banokubuza nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nesifo esifana nomhlaza. Baza kukubuza nangawo nawaphi na amayeza, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo ozithathayo.

Emva koko, kunokwenzeka ukwenza iimvavanyo ezisisiseko.

• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (FBC)
• Iphaneli esisiseko ye-metabolic
• Uvavanyo lwegazi oluvela kwindle
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo

Olu vavanyo lukhangela naluphi na utshintsho olunokubangelwa ngumhlaza. Ukuba lufunyenwe, ungathunyelwa kwingcali yomhlaza .

Okulandelayo, ugqirha we-oncologist usenokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy . Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kwindawo apho kurhanelwa ukuba kukho umhlaza khona. Le sampulu yesicubu ihlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope yingcali yezifo .

Kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, imbonakalo yeeseli iyatshintsha. Ngoko ke ingcali yezifo iza kujonga utshintsho kwiiseli zakho ukuze ibone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza. Basenokusebenzisa le sampuli yezicubu ukwenza ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo. Umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwemfuza
• I-Immunohistochemistry
• Ukuhlola i-DNA yeeseli kunye nokuzama ukufumanisa apho umhlaza waqala khona.

Ukongeza koku, ingcali ye-oncologist ingenza nezinye iimvavanyo:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne-CT scan, i-MRI, kunye ne-PET scan lunokunceda ekufumaneni ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani okanye ukuba uqale phi.
• I-Endoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu enekhamera encinci emzimbeni wakho ukuze kuhlolwe amalungu akho angaphakathi kunye nezicubu.
• Uvavanyo lwe-tumor marker: Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zikhupha izinto ezithile egazini. Olu vavanyo lujonga ubukho bezi zinto.

Iphathwa njani iCarcinoma of Unknown Primary (CUP)?

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango esisekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kuvavanyo lwakho lomhlaza.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iingcali zezifo ziyakwazi ukubona umhlaza oyintloko, oko kuthetha umhlaza oqale kuqala. Ukuba kunjalo, ziceba unyango olusekelwe kolo hlobo lomhlaza.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvavanyo alukwazi ukubona umhlaza oyintloko, iqela lezonyango lisenokusebenzisa unyango oluqhelekileyo. Kukho unyango oluninzi onokulunikwa:

• Utyando: Ukuba umhlaza ugcinwe kwindawo enye yomzimba, utyando lunokwenziwa ukuze kususwe loo nxalenye yomhlaza.
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Ukuba umhlaza ubonakala ngathi usasazeke kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba, unyango lwekhemotherapy lunokucetyiswa. Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lweehomoni: Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zifuna iihomoni ukuze zikhule. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokuthintela iiseli zomhlaza ekufumaneni iihomoni ezizifunayo.
• Unyango lwe-immunotherapy:Oku kuvuselela inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela, okuwuvumela ukuba ufune kwaye utshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango ngemitha: Olu nyango lusetyenziswa ukuba umhlaza ubonakala ngathi umi kwindawo enye yomzimba. Lusebenzisa imitha enamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Kukho iindlela ezijolise kwimitha evela ngaphandle (unyango ngemitha yangaphandle) kunye neendlela ezijolise kumhlaza ngaphakathi (imitha yangaphakathi).
• Unyango olujoliswe ekujoliswe kulo: Ukuba uvavanyo lunokuchonga uhlobo lomhlaza, unyango lunokusetyenziswa kubuthathaka obuthile kwezo seli zomhlaza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lunyango olujoliswe ekujoliswe kulo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba iqela lakho lezonyango likhethe unyango olulungele wena. Ngoko ke thetha nabo ngononophelo kwaye ubabuze yonke imibuzo onayo.

Zithini amathuba okuchacha xa unomhlaza we-CUP?

Le yinto abantu abaninzi abafuna ukuyazi. Nangona kunjalo, xa sithetha ngamanqanaba okusinda komhlaza, kufuneka siqonde ukuba uyahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu. Kukho izinto ezininzi eziwuchaphazelayo:

• Uhlobo lomhlaza: Luhlobo luni lomhlaza, ukuba ekugqibeleni lufunyaniswe lukhona.
• Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani emzimbeni.
• Indlela oluphumelele ngayo unyango.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba la manqanaba okusinda aqikelelwa kuphela. Asekelwe kumava abanye abantu ababekhe baba nolu hlobo lomhlaza ngaphambili. Imeko yakho isenokuba yahlukile kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho we-oncologist ukuba yintoni onokuyilindela ngokwemeko yakho.

I-Carcinoma ye-Unknown Primary inokuphinda ivele emva konyango. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi lonyango olutsha oluvavanyiweyo.

Sikwafanele sicinge ngempilo yengqondo.

Xa ufunyaniswa ukuba unemeko efana ne-CUP, inokuzisa ukungaqiniseki okukhulu kunye noloyiko. Kuqhelekile ukuba neengcinga ezinje, 'Andazi ukuba umhlaza uvela phi, andazi ukuba unyango luza kuphumelela na.' Uphando lude lwabonisa ukuba abantu abane-CUP banamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba kunabantu abanezinye iintlobo zomhlaza osasazekayo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uvakalelwa ngolu hlobo, musa ukuba neentloni okanye ungazifihli. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nomntu omthembayo, njengomcebisi okanye ingcali yezengqondo, kwaye ufumane inkxaso. Iqela lakho lezonyango nalo liya kuqonda oku.

Ngaba iCarcinoma of Unknown Primary (CUP) ingathintelwa?

Sisenokungakwazi ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo uphuhliso lomhlaza oyintloko okhokelela kwi-CUP, kuba eminye imidla ikwachatshazelwa zizinto zemfuza.

Nangona kunjalo, zimbalwa izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza ngokubanzi. Ukulandela la manyathelo kuya kusinceda kakhulu ekusikhuseleni kungekuphela nje kwi-CUP, kodwa nakwezinye iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza.

• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka: Ukutshaya yinto ebangela umhlaza.
• Ukuba usela utywala, bunciphise okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo.
• Gcina ukutya okunempilo: Zalisa isitya sakho ngemifuno, iziqhamo, imifuno eluhlaza, iimbotyi, iimbotyi, kunye nenyama engenamafutha kunye nentlanzi. Nciphisa ukutya okukhawulezayo okuneoyile eninzi, iswekile kunye netyuwa.
• Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni: Ukugcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni buhambelana nobude bakho kunceda ekukhuseleni kwizifo ezininzi.
• Khusela ulusu lwakho xa ujongene nelanga: Nxiba iiglasi zelanga, umnqwazi, kwaye usebenzise isithambisi selanga esifanela uhlobo lolusu lwakho. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wolusu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge (iCarcinoma of Unknown Primary - CUP). Yimeko enzima nexinezelekileyo. Kuyaqondakala ukuba nabani na azive ekhwankqisiwe kakhulu kwaye engaqiniseki xa exelelwa ukuba unomhlaza, ukuba usasazekile, kodwa unobangela awufumaneki.

Kodwa, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba awuwedwa. Kukho iqela loogqirha abanobuchule bokukunceda nokukunyanga.

• Thetha nabo ngazo zonke iingxaki zakho kunye noloyiko lwakho. Musa ukufihla nantoni na.
• Funda ngonyango kunye nemiphumo yalo.
• Usenokufuna inkxaso yeemvakalelo neyomzimba ngexesha nasemva konyango. Thetha noogqirha bakho ngezo zinto.
• Khumbula, i-CUP ayisosigwebo sokufa ngokuyimfuneko. Ngokuhambela phambili kwezonyango zanamhlanje, kukho unyango olunokumelana ngempumelelo nale meko.

Ngoko ke, jongana nalo mceli mngeni ngesibindi, ulandele iingcebiso zonyango, kwaye unqwenela ukuba uphile ngokukhawuleza!

` I-CUP, iCarcinoma ye-Unknown Primary, umhlaza, umhlaza osasazekayo, umhlaza we-metastatic, umhlaza oyintloko, iimpawu zomhlaza, unyango lomhlaza