Ngaba uyazi ngale ngqa incinci engqondweni? (Isangqa sikaWillis) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-'Circle of Willis'? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ngayo, okanye ukhe wayibona kwingxelo ethile yezonyango. Enyanisweni yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yengqondo yethu. Ifana nenkqubo encinci yokhuseleko. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngokufutshane malunga nokuba yintoni le '(Circle of Willis)' kwaye yintoni eyenzayo, kulungile?

Yintoni 'iCircle of Willis'?

Kulungile, yintoni ke le `(Circle of Willis)`? Ngamafutshane, yinkqubo yemithambo yegazi ebekwe phantsi kwengqondo yethu, ezantsi. Imile okwendandatho, okanye imilo enamacala amahlanu (`(Pentagon)`) . Kukho imithambo yegazi emibini ephambili enika ubuchopho bethu igazi elicocekileyo nelicebileyo kwioksijini. Omnye yinkqubo ye` (Internal Carotid Artery)` , kwaye omnye yinkqubo ye` (Vertebral Artery)` . Ngoko ke le `(Circle of Willis)` kulapho le mithambo yegazi mibini iphambili idibana khona. I`(Internal Carotid Artery)` ikakhulu inika igazi ngaphambili kwengqondo, kwaye i`(Vertebral Artery)` ikakhulu inika igazi ngasemva kwengqondo.

Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'ring of Willis' emva kwesazinzulu se-anatomist uThomas Willis. Nguye owasinceda safumanisa okuninzi malunga nesi sakhiwo. Sibizwa nangamanye amagama, umzekelo:

• ` (Isangqa seArterial seCerebral)` (Isangqa seArterial seCerebral)
• ` (Willis Polygon)` (Willis Polygon)
• ` (Iluphu kaWillis)` (Iluphu kaWillis)

Oku kufana 'nokungaphumeleli' kwengqondo yethu, indlela yokhuseleko. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba omnye wale mithambo yegazi mibini iphambili wonakele, umzekelo, ngenxa yokuqhuma komthambo wegazi engqondweni (iBrain Aneurysm) okanye isifo sohlangothi, enye indlela inokubonelela ngegazi kuloo nxalenye yobuchopho eyonakeleyo ngale (Circle of Willis). Ayimangalisi loo nto?

Ngaba wonke umntu (iCircle of Willis) uyafana? Okanye ngaba kukho umahluko?

Kodwa nantsi into. Asinguye wonke umntu one "Circle of Willis" egqibeleleyo. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sabantu abanayo yonke into. Oko kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho utshintsho oluncinci kwisakhiwo sayo. Xa oko kusenzeka, siyibiza ngokuba yi "Incomplete Circle of Willis" .

Kukho utshintsho oluqhelekileyo olubini, ingakumbi kwimithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Anterior Communicating Artery, ekwindawo engaphambili kwiCircle of Willis:

• Ukwahlulwahlulwa: Oku kunokuchaphazela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-21% yoluntu ngokubanzi. Ukwahlulwahlulwahlulwa kuxa umthambo wegazi wahlukana kubini, uhambe umgama omfutshane, uze uphinde uhlangane. Kufana nendlela eyahlukana kubini uze uphinde uhlangane.
• `(Ukuphindaphinda)` (Ukuphindaphinda):Oku kuchaphazela malunga ne-18% yabantu. "Ukuphindaphinda" kuthetha ukuba imithambo yegazi emibini eqala ngokwahlukeneyo idibana ukuze yenze umthambo wegazi omnye.

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Kuthekani ukuba iCircle of Willis yam nayo ayiphelelanga?' Ungakhathazeki. Nokuba iCircle of Willis yakho ayiphelelanga, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni ngaphandle kweengxaki. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayichaphazeli kakhulu ukusebenza kwengqondo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo se-cerebrovascular, esifana ne-stroke, iziphumo zaloo mpazamo zinokuba nzima ngakumbi. Oku akuyonto esinokuyitshintsha ngabom. Oku kugqitywa yindlela imithambo yegazi yethu eyenziwe ngayo ngexesha lesigaba sombungu , oko kukuthi, ngelixa sisesesibelekweni.

Ixhaphake kangakanani into engaphelelanga (Circle of Willis)?

Ngoko ke, ixhaphake kangakanani le `(Circle of Willis)` engaphelelanga? Enyanisweni, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ixhaphake kakhulu. Kodwa kunzima ukutsho ukuba ixhaphake kangakanani na. Kuba, ayinguye wonke umntu onovavanyo lwe-`(Scan)` lobuchopho. Kuphela ngolu hlobo lwe-`(Scan)` apho uhlobo lwe-`(Circle of Willis)` lunokubonwa ngokuchanekileyo. Ngokwezifundo ezahlukeneyo, le `(Circle of Willis)` isenokungaphelelanga phakathi kwama-50% nama-90% abantu abadala . Oko kuthetha ukuba uninzi lwabantu lunayo ngotshintsho oluncinci.

Yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi weCircle of Willis?

Ngoku masithethe ngokucacileyo ngakumbi ngendima yale `(Circle of Willis)` kwakhona. Cinga ngayo njenge `(Traffic Roundabout)` apho iindlela ezininzi zidibana khona.

Umthambo ngamnye owenza i-`(Circle of Willis)` ufana nendlela. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ze-`(Highway)`, oko kukuthi, iindlela ezimbini ezithwala igazi elininzi. Ezo yinkqubo ye-`(Internal Carotid Artery)` ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, kunye nenkqubo ye-`(Vertebral Artery)`. Ezinye iindlela ezincinci kwi-`(Circle of Willis)` ziyadibana, zenze umjikelo odibanisa ezo ndlela zimbini ziphambili kwaye zivumela igazi (oko kukuthi, izithuthi) ukuba lihambe.

Inzuzo yoku kukuba ukuba kukho 'ukuvalwa kwendlela' okanye 'ingozi' ngequbuliso kuloo ndlela iphambili (oko kukuthi, umthambo wegazi omkhulu ohambisa igazi ebuchotsheni), enye indlela ingathumela igazi kwinxalenye yengqondo echaphazelekayo ngale ndlela ijikelezayo. Ngamafutshane, ukuba ne-`(Circle of Willis)` epheleleyo kuthetha ukuba kukho enye indlela (`(Detour Route)`) enokusetyenziswa xa kukho naluphi na uvalelo okanye ingxaki.

Ukuba une-`(Circle of Willis)` epheleleyo, inokukukhusela kwiimeko ezithile ezinzulu. Ingakumbi izifo ezichaphazela imithambo yegazi kule `(Circle of Willis)`. Umzekelo:

• Amafutha afakwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis)
• Ukopha igazi engqondweni (umz., ngenxa yokwenzakala (Intracranial Hemorrhage))
• Isifo seCarotid Artery / Carotid Artery Stenosis
• Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi engqondweni (i-Central Nervous System Vasculitis)
• Umthambo wegazi oqhekekileyo engqondweni (i-Ruptured Brain Aneurysm)
• Istroke
• Uhlaselo lwe-Ischemic oluThutyana (TIA) okanye i-mini-stroke

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-"Circle of Willis" engaphelelanga, umsebenzi wokukhusela weso sangqa awusebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko, kwizifo ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi yobuchopho efana nale, umngcipheko weziphumo ezibi kakhulu uphezulu kancinci, ingakumbi kwimeko yestroke.

Iphi le (Circle of Willis)?

Ungafuna ukwazi kanye apho ikhoyo le `(Circle of Willis)`. Ikwindawo ethi `(Base of Your Brain)`, kwindawo engaphandle kancinci kwezicubu zobuchopho (`(Subarachnoid Space)`). Ikwindawo ejikeleze isiqu se`(Pituitary Gland)` yethu, ngaphantsi nje kwe`(Hypothalamus)`. Kwakhona, uninzi lweemithambo-luvo zethu zecranial (`(Cranial Nerves)`) zidlula kufutshane nale `(Circle of Willis)`.

Ndingambuza nini ugqirha ngale nto (Circle of Willis)?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, 'Ndiza kuva nini ngale `(Circle of Willis)` kugqirha wam?' Kaloku, kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zaloo nto:

• Ukuba une-aneurysm yobuchopho: I-Circle of Willis yenye yezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo engqondweni apho kuvela khona ii-aneurysms. Abaphandi bathi malunga ne-85% yee-aneurysms zangaphakathi kwentloko zenzeka kwindawo yokuhamba kwegazi phambi kweCircle of Willis.
• Ukuba unestroke: Istroke singenzeka ngenxa yokuvaleka okanye ukopha emthanjeni wegazi kwiCircle of Willis.
• Ukuba unesifo seMoyamoya: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu engqondweni. Sivela xa imithambo yegazi kwiCircle of Willis yakho, ehambisa igazi ngaphambili kwengqondo yakho, incipha okanye ivaleke kancinci kancinci.
• Ukuba une-'Subclavian Steal Syndrome': Oku kwenzeka xa 'i-Subclavian Artery' yakho (umthambo we-axillary) incipha okanye ivalekile. Emva koko 'iba' inxalenye yegazi ekufanele ukuba iye engqondweni yakho nge-'Vertebral Artery' yakho (umthambo wegazi omkhulu kwi-'Circle of Willis').
• Ukuba utyando lobuchopho bakho: Ngexesha lotyando kule nxalenye yengqondo yakho - umzekelo, ukunyanga i-aneurysm okanye ingxaki kwi-pituitary gland yakho - kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokonakala kwi-Circle of Willis yakho kunye neendawo ezibalulekileyo ezijikeleze yona. Ukuba i-Circle of Willis ngokwayo yonakele, inokubangela ukuvaleka kokunikezelwa kwegazi ebuchotsheni (Brain Ischemia) okanye ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo kokunikezelwa kwegazi (Infarction).
• Ukuba wenza iskeni yobuchopho:Ukuba une-brain scan, efana ne-cerebral angiogram okanye i-brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), ingxelo yakho ingabandakanya iinkcukacha malunga ne-Circle of Willis kunye nesakhiwo sayo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-(Circle of Willis) ivaliwe?

Khawucinge ngento enokwenzeka ukuba bekukho ukuvaleka naphi na kule `(Circle of Willis)`. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba, ukuba oko kuyenzeka, `(Stroke)` inokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ukuba une `(Circle of Willis)` epheleleyo, inokukukhusela ngandlela ithile kwiimpawu eziqatha zestroke.

Yintoni i-'Circle of Willis Syndrome'?

Abanye oogqirha kunye nemithombo yezonyango babiza i-`(Moyamoya Disease)` ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ngokuthi `(Circle of Willis Syndrome)`. Elinye igama le-`(Moyamoya Disease)` ngu `(Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis)`.

Singenza ntoni ukugcina le (Circle of Willis) isempilweni?

Ngoko ke, yintoni esinokuyenza ukugcina le "Circle of Willis" ibalulekileyo kunye neminye imithambo yegazi engqondweni isempilweni? Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulawula izinto ezinokubangela isifo se-cerebrovascular ukuba unazo. Ezi zinto zinobungozi zezi:

• Igazi elonyukayo
• I-Cholesterol ephezulu
• Isifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus)`
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Uxinzelelo Olungapheliyo
• Ukutyeba kakhulu
• Ingxaki Yokusebenzisa I-Nicotine Ukutshaya/Ukutshaya
• Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kotywala

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokulawula ezi meko.

Masikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, zeziphi izinto eziphambili esizifundileyo namhlanje?

I-"Circle of Willis" yinkqubo emangalisayo yemithambo yegazi esezantsi kwengqondo yethu enika igazi engqondweni. Ifana nomnatha wokhuseleko.

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Asinguye wonke umntu onayo le nto ipheleleyo, kwaye oko kuqhelekile. Akukho nto ixhalabisa kakhulu ukuba ayiphelelanga, kodwa kwezinye izifo zobuchopho, umngcipheko unokuba phezulu kancinci.

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Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphila ngendlela egcina imithambo yegazi yengqondo yethu isempilweni kwaye ithintele izifo ezifana nestroke. Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka siphuhlise imikhwa emihle kwaye silawule ezi zinto zibalulekileyo.

Abantu abaninzi basenokungaze beve nge-'(Circle of Willis)' yabo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo sengqondo, esifana ne-'(Aneurysm)' ugqirha usenokuba uyikhankanyile loo nto.Ukuba ugqirha wakho uthe igama lezonyango ongaliqondiyo, ungoyiki ukucela ingcaciso. Unelungelo lokwazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni wakho.

Indandatho yeWillis, ukujikeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, istroke, indandatho yemithambo yobuchopho, imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni, impilo yobuchopho, i-aneurysm